Advanced Powder Technology最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of Cu-doped CoFe2O4 nanocrystals: Structural, morphological, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties","authors":"Anchal , Sarita , Narendra Jakhar , P.A. Alvi , B.L. Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this research is to fabricate nanocrystalline <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> materials, where x takes values of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5, and to analyse how their structural, morphological, optoelectronic, vibrational, and magnetic properties change with varying levels of Cu<sup>2+</sup> doping. The preparation of copper-doped cobalt ferrite samples was conducted using the sol–gel method, with citric acid serving as a chelating agent. Powder X-ray diffraction measurements were conducted to identify the phase and structural attributes of the synthesized copper-doped cobalt ferrite. The Rietveld refinement clearly indicates the single-phase cubic structure, characterized by the Fd-3 m space group. The Debye Scherrer formula was used for the calculation of the crystallite size and it was discovered that the average crystallite size varied from ∼ 4.5 to 5.4 nm (which is less than 10 nm) as the doping concentration of Cu<sup>2+</sup> was increased. For the surface morphological studies, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was used, which suggest that all samples are well prepared and are spherical in nature. EDAX analysis validated the elemental composition with appropriate doping in crystalline samples of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>. The existence of different chemical bonds has been verified by the Fourier Transform Infrared Rays (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The Raman spectra analysis indicated the existence of various vibrational modes within the sample, revealing the presence of four distinct Raman modes: A1g, Eg, and 2 T2g. Further, the Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) was utilized to explore the luminescent properties of the synthesized sample. The optical characteristics was studied using UV–Visible spectroscopy and it was observed that with an increase in the Cu<sup>2+</sup> concentration, the band gap decreased from 2.466 eV to 2.299 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyse the chemical states of the elements present in <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> nanoparticles. Furthermore, the magnetic characteristics of the synthesized copper-doped cobalt nanoferrites were examined using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The hysteresis curves demonstrated low coercivity (H<sub>c</sub>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of water quality on the filtration performance of coal flotation product","authors":"Feng Zhang,&nbsp;Ghislain Bournival,&nbsp;Seher Ata","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-quality water is frequently used in coal preparation plants to conserve freshwater resources and lower operational costs. In the present work, a series of laboratory filtration experiments and subsequent <em>μ</em>CT imaging of the filter cakes were conducted to link the effect of water quality on filtration performance and cake structure. Filtration experiments were carried out with three selected variables, including the slurry pH, salt concentration, which are the most important parameters of water quality, and the flocculant dosage. Filtration flowrate and cake moisture, the two most critical parameters, while examining filtration performance, were evaluated based on the filtration results. The slurry pH, salt concentration, and flocculant dosage were all found to significantly impact the flowrate, while the cake moisture was mainly affected by flocculant and salt concentration. These observed interactions were correlated with the results from filter cake <em>µ</em>CT imaging. An increase in either salt concentration or the flocculant dosage was observed, which can cause a change in the pore structure of the cake, altering porosity, pore size, and specific surface area within the cake. Such changes in the pore structure resulted in changes in the specific cake resistance and the available water adsorption area, ultimately leading to changes in flowrate and moisture retention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of cannabidiol nanoparticles loaded in polyvinylpyrrolidone microparticles by supercritical CO2 assisted atomization and dissolution enhancement effect","authors":"Lucia Baldino,&nbsp;Sonia Sarnelli,&nbsp;Ida Palazzo,&nbsp;Mariarosa Scognamiglio,&nbsp;Ernesto Reverchon","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, cannabidiol (CBD) nanoparticles contained in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) microparticles (nano-in-micro system) were produced by supercritical CO₂ assisted atomization (SAA) with the aim of improving CBD bioavailability. The experiments were performed by changing the total concentration of solute PVP + CBD and CBD/PVP mass ratio (R) to understand the effect of these parameters on CBD nanoparticle mean size, measured by a dynamic light scattering operating in a periodic manner. Nanoparticles as small as 33 nm were obtained, protected in PVP microparticles. CBD release tests were carried out to verify the increase in the solubilization rate of CBD nanoparticles: pure CBD powder was completely dissolved in about 240 min; whereas CBD 55 nm nanoparticles were completely released in 20 min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring pharmaceutical powder cohesion through the Warren Spring cohesion test","authors":"Zankrut D. Vyas ,&nbsp;Amit Sen ,&nbsp;Abhishek Shetty ,&nbsp;Gerardo Callegari ,&nbsp;Fernando J. Muzzio ,&nbsp;Sonia M. Razavi","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding bulk powder flow properties is crucial in pharmaceutical manufacturing to prevent material handling issues and ensure consistent product quality. Cohesion, a key factor influencing powder flow, is typically evaluated indirectly through methods such as the angle of repose and shear cell testing. This investigation explores the Warren Spring cohesion test, less common in the pharmaceutical industry, that directly measures powder cohesion. The test determines powder shear strength by rotating a paddle with vanes in a pre-compacted powder bed and<!--> <!-->applying torque without normal stress on the shear plane. The resulting Warren Spring cohesion strength, <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>WSC</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, was normalized by the conditioned bulk density, showing a strong linear correlation with the penetration force of the paddle. The slope of this relationship allows for a<!--> <!-->direct comparison of cohesion across materials. Notably, the <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>WSC</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> was unaffected by pre-compaction stresses, demonstrating the consistency of this method. By controlling the penetration force, a simpler and faster method for testing cohesion across different powders was established. The correlation between the Warren Spring tester and the Brookfield powder flow tester was confirmed, highlighting the advantages of quicker assessments with the Warren Spring cohesion test, despite the shear cell’s greater sensitivity in certain situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheology control of CO2 curable ceramic powder for binder jetting","authors":"Tae-hyung Kim ,&nbsp;Bora Ye ,&nbsp;Myeung-jin Lee ,&nbsp;Bora Jeong ,&nbsp;Miyeon Yoo ,&nbsp;Inkyung Cho ,&nbsp;Aran Song ,&nbsp;Heesoo Lee ,&nbsp;Hong-Dae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Binder jet additive manufacturing produces three-dimensional shapes by jetting a binder or activator onto a powder bed. For successful production of 3D-printed green body, it is crucial that the rheological properties of the powder are suitable for binder jetting. In this study, the addition of a small amount of hydrophilic nanosized silica fume controlled the flowability and wettability, enabling precise control of the rheological properties of the powder for binder jetting. Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) powder was introduced to the powder bed as a binder, and 97 % deionized water was used as an activator to manufacture a CAC-based ceramic green body (CT-G). CT-G underwent CO₂ curing in a pressure reactor at 99.9 % CO₂, 4 bar pressure, and &gt; 60 % relative humidity, and at 25 ℃ for 2, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h (CT-xC). The CT-24C sample showed significantly improved mechanical properties after a short period of CO₂ curing of 24 h, and successfully immobilizing 12 wt% CO₂ within the CAC-based material matrix. This study presents an easily implementable method for rheological control of ceramic powder to achieve successful binder jetting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the influence of water immersion on the combustion and explosion characteristics of coal dust clouds of different ranks","authors":"Lingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengdong Liu ,&nbsp;Jinglin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenguo Du ,&nbsp;Shikai Bao ,&nbsp;Zhiyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chang Li ,&nbsp;Chunmiao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of water immersion on the ignition sensitivity and explosion characteristics of coal dust with different degrees of coalification, this study selected three types of coal dust samples with different ranks. The ignition sensitivity and explosion parameters of the coal dust samples before and after water immersion were measured using Godbert-Greenwald furnaces, Hartmann tubes, and a 20-L explosion chamber. The micro mechanisms causing the variations in the combustion and explosion characteristics of different coal dust samples were analyzed through TG/DTG-DSC and FTIR techniques. The results revealed that water immersion led to a more significant increase in the ignition sensitivity of low-rank coal dust and an overall enhancement in the explosion intensity of coal dust with different ranks. Variations in the characteristic temperatures and ranges of characteristic stages among the water-immersed coal samples of different ranks resulted in distinct changes in ignition behavior and explosion intensity. Furthermore, the water immersion process primarily influenced the hydroxyl functional group content in brown coal, while its impact on higher-rank coal dust samples was primarily observed in the oxygen-containing functional group region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The flow characteristics of gas–solid two-phase flow in an inclined pipe","authors":"Jiao He ,&nbsp;Wei Peng ,&nbsp;Mengxi Liu ,&nbsp;Xinjun Huang ,&nbsp;Shengxian Han","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An inclined pipe is an important component in the industrial FCC(fluid catalytic cracking) units that transports the catalyst between the reactor and the regenerator. However, transport failures frequently occur in the inclined pipe because of the different behaviors of gas–solid flow patterns. In this research, the flow parameters of different flow patterns, including the static pressures, pressure gradients, and particle concentrations under the different particle mass flow rates (<em>G</em>_s) were measured and analyzed in an inclined pipe with 150 mm I.D. The <em>G</em>_s and the pressure gradient ranged from 35.43 to 640.71 kg/(m²·s), and from 0 to 2,500 Pa/m, respectively. The characteristic parameters suggested that dense-phase flow, transition packed-bed flow, packed-bed flow, and stratified flow may appear sequentially along the inclined pipe from inlet to outlet, which differs from the published model. The new fluid pattern model has successfully diagnosed the particle transport fault in a 3.0 Mt/a FCC unit. This study contributes to a better comprehension of the flow patterns in inclined pipes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of synthesis pH value and post-treatment of ZSM-5 for improving adsorption and photocatalytic properties of TiO2/ZSM-5 composites","authors":"Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Fuling Du,&nbsp;Lipeng Wang,&nbsp;Qianru Yu,&nbsp;Xinchao Liang,&nbsp;Siqi Liu,&nbsp;Zhe Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO₂/ZSM-5 composites with enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic properties were synthesized via regulation of synthesis pH value and post (acid/alkali) treatment of ZSM-5. The influences of synthesis pH values and post-treatment of ZSM-5 on microstructure, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the composites were investigated. The methyl orange was used to assess the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the samples. The results showed that the synthesis pH values and acid/alkali treatment had significant influences on the microstructure, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of TiO₂/ZSM-5 composites. The composites synthesized at pH 7 had a relatively higher TiO₂ content, smaller anatase crystallite size, greater specific surface area, the most effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, the fastest interfacial charge transfer, and therefore exhibited excellent adsorption and photocatalytic properties. Acid treatment could significantly increase the specific surface area, Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5, the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and amount of produced active free radicals •O₂^– and •OH. The TiO₂/acid-treated ZSM-5 exhibited excellent photodegradation with 99.3 % methyl orange in 150 min, which is higher than that of the TiO₂/ZSM-5 and TiO₂/alkali-treated ZSM-5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104730"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative fabrication and absorption enhancement in MgO-stabilized ZrO2/graphene composites","authors":"Nan Lu ,&nbsp;Qing Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Hou ,&nbsp;Gaomeilin Sun ,&nbsp;Fengshi Yin ,&nbsp;Yong Li ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing radiative cooling coatings is an efficient and energy-conserving approach for thermal management in electronic devices. Spectral selectivity is crucial to daytime radiative cooling, typically achieved through complex structure or material designs. This work designs a radiative cooling coating with non-selective spectral characteristics for indoor electronic devices. The MgO-stabilized ZrO₂/graphene (MSZ/G) powders are prepared in one step through combustion synthesis. Zirconium dioxide powders are utilized as a diluent in the combustion reaction of magnesium powders and carbon dioxide gas. The combustion process can reach a maximum temperature of 1869 °C. This study examines the impact of the diluent content on phase composition, microstructure, and absorptivity. The spectral absorptivity remains nearly constant, reaching up to 0.96, within the spectrum of 2.5–25 μm. The mechanism of absorption enhancement is illustrated in detail. The ZM8A-coated heat sink exhibits a decrease in equilibrium temperature of 9.1 °C when the heat power is 8 W. This outcome validates the effectiveness of non-selective broadband high-emissivity coatings for indoor thermal management. Therefore, this work provides simple and universal guidelines for designing radiative coating of electronic equipment that is not directly irradiated by solar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104731"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of intermittent mixing on the rate of drying of L-threonine in an agitated filter dryer","authors":"Prin Chaksmithanont ,&nbsp;Marcella R. Alves ,&nbsp;Johannes G. Khinast ,&nbsp;Charles D. Papageorgiou ,&nbsp;Christopher Mitchell ,&nbsp;Justin L. Quon ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Glasser","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2024.104724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intermittent mixing, alternating periods of agitation and no agitation, is often applied during the drying of active pharmaceutical ingredients in agitated filter dryers. Intermittent mixing is used as a strategy to obtain reasonable drying rates without obtaining unacceptable levels of particle attrition. In this work, the impact of intermittent mixing on drying of L-threonine was investigated experimentally. Two process parameters: the agitation ratio (proportion of the total time the agitator is active) and the intermittent cycle number (number of on/off cycles), determine the intensity and distribution of agitation. Increasing the agitation ratio from a static bed, the drying rate initially increased significantly, followed by a gradual increase at higher agitation ratios. Furthermore, the drying rate initially improved with increasing intermittent cycle number, but beyond a critical value reached a plateau. Thus, we observe that additional mixing beyond a critical value provides little benefit in terms of the drying rate but can be detrimental in terms of attrition. These findings provide understanding for development of intermittent mixing protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"Article 104724"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}