{"title":"Gas and liquid state ammonia boosted in the hydrolysis of secondary aluminum dross","authors":"Yunzi Xin , Yuki Oishi , Kunihiko Kato , Yuping Xu , Takashi Shirai","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study elucidates the behavior of gas and liquid state ammonia generation in both short-term and long-term hydrolysis of secondary aluminum dross (SAD) powders, with detailed characterizations of the chemical structure and surface chemical state change of SAD particles during the hydrolysis reaction. Altered aluminum hydroxides, boehmite, bayerite, and gibbsite, were formed selectively on the surface of SAD in prolonged hydrolysis, which play principal roles in the progress of the hydrolysis reaction and generation of gas and liquid state ammonia. The influence of the reaction temperature on the hydrolysis of SAD is also clarified in advance, which demonstrates a distinguished reaction dynamics and mechanism. It was found that the gasification of dissolved liquid state ammonia is a predominant process, instead of a promoted hydrolysis of SAD for enhanced gas state ammonia production. Moreover, a novel and facile approach is introduced for boosting both gas and liquid state ammonia via beads mill-assisted hydrolysis of SAD powders. During beads mill process, the coverage of aluminum hydroxides on SAD was hindered via the mechanical breaking of particle surface. Continuous hydrolysis was then achieved through the further promoted reaction between water and the exposed new surface of SAD, which significantly enhances ammonia generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 7","pages":"Article 104910"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of spherical particles of ceria-zirconia solid solution by microwave-emulsion method","authors":"Miki Inada, Junichi Hojo","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microwave-emulsion method has been explored for synthesis of spherical oxide particles with combination of rapid and selective heating by microwave and spherical shape control by emulsion method. The CeO<sub>2</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> solid solution particles were prepared by heating of W/O emulsions under microwave irradiation followed by calcination. Oil phase was n-hexane including tetraglycerin condensed ricinolate and polysorbate 80 as emulsifier, and water phase included (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Ce(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub> and ZrOCl<sub>2</sub> as metal source and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> as hydrolysis agent. As-produced powder exhibited cubic phase at Ce/Zr ≥ 5/5 and amorphous phase at Ce/Zr ≤ 3/7. After calcination, the lattice constant of cubic CeO<sub>2</sub> decreased and tetragonal and monoclinic phases of ZrO<sub>2</sub> appeared at large Zr content. Pure CeO<sub>2</sub> was agglomerates of fine particles and spherical particles with a size of 0.5–1 μm were obtained by addition of ZrO<sub>2</sub>, indicating that the spherical particles were the mixture of crystalline CeO<sub>2</sub> and amorphous ZrO<sub>2</sub>. The oxygen storage capacity increased with rising calcination temperature due to the formation of solid solution but decreased at high temperature due to decrease in surface area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104904"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zehua Wang , Guorui Feng , Tingye Qi , Haochen Wang , Mengnan Zhan
{"title":"Effect of yield stress on two-phase flow characteristics of gangue cemented backfill slurry in straight horizontal pipeline","authors":"Zehua Wang , Guorui Feng , Tingye Qi , Haochen Wang , Mengnan Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pipeline transportation is widely employed in mine backfill for delivering high concentration slurry. Based on the Euler-Euler two-fluid model, gangue cemented backfill slurry was abstracted as a dual-component structure consisting of fine gangue slurry (carrier fluid) and coarse gangue aggregates (transported particles). The influence of yield stress on the distribution of coarse aggregates, flow velocity, granular pressure, and pressure drop in GCB slurry is simulated. The results indicated that: 1) The coarse aggregates distribution was divided into coarse aggregate volume increasing zone (CG-VIZ), stable flow zone (SFZ), and coarse aggregate volume increasing zone (CG-VIZ). Increasing the yield stress can significantly reduce the coarse aggregate content and the extent of CG-VIZ resulting from segregation. 2) As the yield stress increases, the flow velocity transitions from an asymmetric ‘arch’ distribution to an asymmetric ‘plunger’ distribution in the vertical direction, while the asymmetry gradually diminishes. 3) The granular pressure distribution demonstrated a ‘U’ shape, with the maximum granular pressure occurring at the bottom of the pipeline. 4) The pressure loss of pipelines increases linearly with the increase of yield stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104899"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hendrix Abdul Ajiz , W. Widiyastuti , Heru Setyawan , Tantular Nurtono , Ni Made Intan Putri Suari , Lailatul Qomariyah , Yogi Wibisono Budhi , S. Suherman
{"title":"Direct surface modification of a silica-based adsorbent for CO2 capture from coir fibers dissolved in a sulfur-free alkali-urea system","authors":"Hendrix Abdul Ajiz , W. Widiyastuti , Heru Setyawan , Tantular Nurtono , Ni Made Intan Putri Suari , Lailatul Qomariyah , Yogi Wibisono Budhi , S. Suherman","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct surface modification of silica using cellulose-based organosilane dissolved in a sulfur-free NaOH/urea solvent system was further investigated as a selective CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbent. Cellulose was dissolved at a low temperature of − 5°C, followed by mixing a silicate precursor as a silica source. Cellulose–carbamat complex grafting was carried out through a silica monomer condensation reaction using the sol–gel method. The anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) was added at various concentrations as a template to improve the particles’ physical characteristics. The process of particle formation and template removal was carried out in one stage in a spray drying system that followed the one droplet to one particle rule. Increasing the SLS concentration indicates a change in particle morphology from spherical to hollow, followed by an increase in particle size with a more uniform size distribution. The surface area and porosity of silica particles increased by up to fivefold when the SLS concentration was increased to 3 CMC. The physical characteristics that significantly increase show a linear influence on their ability to adsorb CO<sub>2</sub>. At a pressure of 6 bar, the CO<sub>2</sub> gas adsorption capacity of the silica adsorbent with the SLS 3 CMC template was almost eight times greater than that with the SLS 3 CMC template, reaching 12.85 mmol/g silica.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104912"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun-chen Nie , Xi-guang Li , Wen-tao Zhou , Haipei Dong , Xiang-nan Zhu
{"title":"Innovative separation strategies for low-rank coal flotation: Filling self-generated pores with gutter oil collectors to enhance hydrophobic sites","authors":"Chun-chen Nie , Xi-guang Li , Wen-tao Zhou , Haipei Dong , Xiang-nan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-rank coal (LRC) has strong hydrophobicity, which leads to low efficiency in conventional flotation that coal particles need to be mixed with water first, making it difficult for collector molecules to replace water molecules. An innovative technology for microwave heating to remove moisture and dry adsorption of gutter oil collectors was proposed to make the collectors efficient in adsorbing on coal surface. Firstly, the particle morphology and phase composition of LRC were analysed through SEM and XRD to clarify the impact of particle morphology and mineral composition on floatability. Furthermore, the functional group composition and hydrophobic group content of the modified LRC were analysed by FTIR and XPS, respectively. Contact angle analysis and wrap angle analysis were used to investigate the stability of particle-bubble adhesion. Finally, flotation experiments and flotation kinetics analysis were conducted to verify the flotation characteristics of modified LRC. The SEM analysis results indicate that the high porosity of LRC can intercept more water and form a thick water film. The XPS analysis results indicate that the content of hydrophobic groups in LRC is only 61.69 %, which is the core reason why it is difficult for LRC to float. The content of hydrophobic groups C–C/C–H in modified LRC increases to 86.05 % after collector adsorption. In addition, the contact angle increases from 13.71° to 74.63°, further improving the adhesion stability between LRC particles and bubbles, while the wrap angle increases from 18° to 131° for 0.5–0.25 mm. Compared to raw coal, the combustible recovery of modified LRC increases from 23.13 % to 66.89 % with a collector dosage of 9000 g/t. The flotation kinetics results demonstrate that the flotation characteristics of various particle sizes of modified LRC have been significantly improved. Research provides an innovative and sustainable way to improve the flotation efficiency of LRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104908"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and numerical study on the suppression of methane/coal dust hybrid explosion by DMMP water mist","authors":"Mengjiao Xu , Shuangming Wei , Weidong Lu , Minggao Yu , Zhifeng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the effect of DMMP (dimethyl methyl phosphonate) water mist on the suppression of methane/coal dust hybrid explosion, a series of experiments on methane/coal dust hybrid explosion suppressed by varying DMMP water mist (0 % DMMP-2.0 % DMMP) were carried out in a 20 L spherical device. The experimental results show that the flame propagation speed, maximum explosion pressure rise rate (<em>dP/dt</em>)<sub>max</sub> and explosion index <em>K</em><sub>G</sub> first increase and then decrease with the increase of DMMP concentration. The optimal explosion suppression concentration of DMMP water mist for methane/coal dust hybrid explosion is 1.2 %. Besides, a new kinetic model of methane/coal dust hybrid explosion suppressed by DMMP water mist was established to analyze the chemical kinetics of the elementary reaction under different initial temperature (<em>T</em><sub>0</sub> = 1250–1600 K) and initial pressures (<em>P</em><sub>0</sub> = 0.08–0.13 MPa). The numerical results revealed that the elementary reaction R1: H + O<sub>2</sub> = O + OH is the dominant elementary reaction to enhance adiabatic flame temperature. Phosphorus containing small molecules HOPO and HOPO<sub>2</sub> are important intermediate products in the DMMP reaction process, playing a crucial role in the suppression of methane/coal dust hybrid explosion by DMMP water mist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104894"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mangifera indica phytochemical enriched ZnO-Amphotericin B Nanoconjugates: Enhanced hydrophilicity, reduced toxicity and pH-sensitive release for targeted anti-Candida therapy","authors":"Divya Mathew , Benny Thomas , N.M. Sudheep , Surya Nair , E.K. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amphotericin B (AmB) faces limitations in antifungal applications due to toxicity and poor solubility. This study developed AmB conjugate with green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (gZnONPs) using <em>Mangifera indica</em> leaf extract (MLE) to enhance pH sensitivity and hydrophilicity. FTIR analysis confirmed AmB conjugation and MLE phytocore on the surface of the gZnONPs, while UV–Vis spectroscopy showed a red shift from 362 to 394 nm after AmB conjugation, indicating successful binding. The conjugate showed increased solubility from 0.31 to 125 µg/mL and enhanced hydrophilicity (contact angle reduced from 53° to 34°). The enhanced saturation solubility might be due to NP size effects, reduced crystallinity, phytochemical-induced hydrophilicity, and effective drug encapsulation, collectively improving the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of AmB at the target site. The AmB release profile showed pH-sensitive, sustained release, with higher rates at infection-site (pH 5.5), ensuring prolonged therapeutic effects. Antifungal tests demonstrated significant zone of inhibition for the conjugate (47 mm) against <em>Candida albicans</em>, outperforming MLE (34 mm), AmB (41 mm) and ZnONPs (37 mm) alone. The conjugate showed 2.4-fold higher LC<sub>50</sub> (446.51 μg/mL) over AmB (186.39 μg/mL), suggesting reduced toxicity, likely due to phytochemical capping minimizing non-specific interactions with healthy cells and pH-sensitive, targeted release. Further, the hemolysis study demonstrated that ZnONPs significantly reduced AmB-induced RBC lysis (4.1 % at 24 h vs. 18.1 % for pure AmB), outperforming lipid-based formulations (9–14 %), highlighting their potential as a safer nanocarrier for AmB delivery while mitigating dose-dependent hemolysis. These findings highlight the potential of gZnONPs as an effective nanocarrier for AmB, offering enhanced solubility, targeted antifungal activity, and reduced toxicity, making it a promising alternative to conventional formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104895"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianhong Li , Qi Chen , Mao Gan , Jinbo Liu , Ying Su , Lihong Huang
{"title":"Double perovskite of Ca3WO6 supported Ni-based catalysts for hydrogen production via auto-thermal reforming of acetic acid","authors":"Jianhong Li , Qi Chen , Mao Gan , Jinbo Liu , Ying Su , Lihong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acetic acid (HAc) derived from biomass is a rich resource for production of green hydrogen via auto-thermal reforming (ATR), while Ni-based catalysts for ATR of HAc are hindered by concerns of coke deposition, oxidation and sintering of active components. Herein, Ni-Ca-W-O catalysts with double perovskite structure were prepared by the Pechini method and employed in ATR reaction. The characterization results indicated that phase of Ca<sub>3</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> with double perovskite structure was formed via introducing W species into CaO phase, while oxygen defect sites and abundant oxygen vacancies were found and effective to constrain coke deposition during ATR. Furthermore, with Ni species entering the Ca<sub>3</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> lattice, there was strong interaction within Ni/Ca<sub>3</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>, forming stable Ni-Ca-W-O active centers with improved resistance to either oxidation or sintering of Ni<sup>0</sup>. As a result, the preferred Ni<sub>0.08</sub>Ca<sub>0.32</sub>W<sub>0.07</sub>O<sub>0.61±δ</sub> catalyst maintained high HAc conversion at 100 % and H<sub>2</sub> yield near 2.52 mol-H<sub>2</sub>/mol-HAc, showing potential for hydrogen production via ATR of HAc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Venkatesan , Kotikalapudi Sreeramachandra Karthik , Ann Mary Mathew , P.V. Sreya , Sarada P Mallick , Deepak K. Pattanayak
{"title":"Facile synthesis of silver loaded bioactive glass ceramic and reinforced composite scaffold using acrylic polymer for bone tissue engineering applications","authors":"K. Venkatesan , Kotikalapudi Sreeramachandra Karthik , Ann Mary Mathew , P.V. Sreya , Sarada P Mallick , Deepak K. Pattanayak","doi":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apt.2025.104892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioactive glasses are mainly used in tissue engineering applications such as fabrication of resorbable scaffolds, bioactive composite bone cements, etc., as they release Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> ions, which aid in repairing and regenerating damaged tissues. The inability of fabricated composite scaffolds or bone cements to impart antimicrobial activity may lead to bacterial infection and other inflammatory responses. This work attempted to develop acrylic polymer and bioactive glass composite bone cement with antibacterial activity. Initially, bioactive glass powders were synthesized by a simple sol–gel method with different concentrations of silver (Ag) to induce antibacterial properties. The physicochemical properties, like thermal stability and phase change, etc. with respect to the concentration of Ag loading were evaluated. The results showed that no significant structural and compositional change occurred due to heat treatment and the amorphous phase could be maintained upto 700°C. Electrochemical analysis (Differential Pulse Voltammetry) of bioactive glass in simulated body fluid showed the peak current signifying the gradual release of Ag<sup>+</sup> ions. The released Ag<sup>+</sup> ions from the bioactive glass powders showed inhibition against Gram-positive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Gram-negative <em>Escherichia coli</em> bacterial systems. The cytocompatibility study of Ag-loaded bioactive glasses in MG-63 human osteoblast like cell lines showed no toxic effect for all the concentration ranges attempted. The developed Ag-loaded bioactive glass powder with optimum antimicrobial property and good cell viability was subsequently used as reinforcement in Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) matrix to develop porous composite scaffold using porogen leaching technique. Mechanical study (compression test) proved that the fabricated scaffolds have sufficient rigidity, and the thermal degradation phenomenon could be controlled by the addition of bioactive glass powders to the PMMA matrix. This interconnected porous scaffold with good bioactivity, antimicrobial property, mechanical rigidity and cell compatibility is expected to be potent in bone tissue engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7232,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Powder Technology","volume":"36 6","pages":"Article 104892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}