Applications in engineering science最新文献

{"title":"Studying the effect of hydrodynamic parameters on characteristics of the gas bubbles in tapered fluidized beds","authors":"Hossein Askaripour ,&nbsp;Ramin Khodabandehlou ,&nbsp;Asghar Molaei Dehkordi","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The two-fluid model is applied to explore the effects of various parameters including initial static bed height, superficial gas velocity, and a mixture of particles of different sizes and densities on the size distribution and rise velocity of gas bubbles in tapered fluidized beds. Comparison of simulation outcomes with experimental data about the fraction and rise velocity of bubbles is carried out and relatively good agreement is observed. Results indicate that increasing static height of the solid leads to increased bubble fraction and rise velocity. The fraction of medium and large bubbles has direct relationship with the superficial gas velocity but that is reverse for the bubbles with small diameters. For a solid mixture with different sizes or densities, the bubble fraction goes up with an increase in the percentage of lighter solid from 25 to 50 %, but it drops as the percentage increases from 50 to 75 %. At lower bed heights, bubble rising velocity decreases with an increase of the portion of smaller particles in a solid mixture. The rise velocity of bubbles is ascending with inlet velocity of the gas phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising haemodynamic performance: Investigating the impact of varying anastomosis angles on blood flow in brachiocephalic fistula","authors":"Nima Rahmati,&nbsp;Arshia Eskandari,&nbsp;Kian Javari,&nbsp;Alireza Jabbari,&nbsp;Mona Alimohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of anastomosis angle on haemodynamic performance in Brachiocephalic fistulas, using computational fluid dynamics to inform optimal surgical configurations for hemodialysis access. Nine idealized brachiocephalic fistula geometries with anastomosis angles ranging from 15° to 135°, in 15° increments, were simulated under pulsatile flow conditions. Key haemodynamic parameters, including pressure, velocity, time-averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, high oscillatory low magnitude shear, and relative residence time, were assessed to evaluate flow stability and clinical implications. Results indicate that lower anastomosis angles (15°, 30°) exhibit higher TAWSS values, peaking at 3.8 Pa in the anastomosis zone, and demonstrate concentrated HOLMES and OSI regions, indicating elevated flow disturbance and vascular stress. In contrast, wider angles (120°, 135°) promote smoother, more laminar flow, with up to a 60 % reduction in adverse WSS-derived parameters, particularly HOLMES and RRT, when compared to sharper angles. These improvements are especially notable in the venous segment, where lower flow stagnation reduces the risk of thrombus formation. Among all configurations, the 135° angle emerged as the most favourable, balancing shear forces and reducing disturbed flow zones, thereby enhancing long-term AVF patency and function. Clinically, sharper angles may benefit patients with thrombosis risk due to increased shear clearing, while wider angles are better suited for minimising endothelial damage and improving durability. These findings support the need for personalised surgical planning, with anastomosis angle tailored to patient-specific vascular health and clinical priorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance assessment of submerged caisson units under marine dynamic loading: Experimental validation and computational modeling for coastal energy infrastructure","authors":"Mansour Hamzeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Ramesht,&nbsp;Javad Majrouhi Sardroud","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caisson breakwaters are widely used in offshore infrastructure; however, their performance under extreme hydrodynamic and geotechnical conditions remains insufficiently characterized, particularly regarding sediment dynamics and installation efficiency. This study proposes an integrated framework for evaluating caisson structural stability, hydrodynamic interaction, and seabed response, introducing novel design features, such as perforated chambers and hybrid jack-up installation, to enhance resilience in high-energy marine environments. A combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations Flow Science Three-Dimensional (FLOW-3D), Open Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM), wave flume testing (at 1:25 and 1:50 scale), and field calibration at tembak port was employed to analyze wave loading, scour behavior, and displacement. The numerical models incorporated sediment transport equations and settlement predictions, which were calibrated against physical and operational datasets. Results show that perforated caisson designs reduced wave reflection coefficients from 0.78 to 0.45, resulting in a 27 % decrease in seabed erosion. Meanwhile, increasing caisson mass by 15 % lowered displacement by 28 %. Installation time was reduced by 15 % via optimized ballasting, and material costs decreased by 18 % using High-Performance Concrete (HPC). The validated framework offers transferable design and performance metrics aligned with Permanent International Association of Navigation Congresses (PIANC) and Overseas Coastal Area Development Institute (OCDI) standards, supporting the development of cost-effective, durable, and environmentally sustainable caisson breakwaters for oil, gas, and petrochemical port facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled fluid-thermal analysis of a square chamber with a wavy top wall and an internal solid elliptical/circular block","authors":"Soumyanil Sadhu Deep,&nbsp;Sayma Sultana,&nbsp;Tahsin-Ul Haque,&nbsp;Md Tanvir Rahman,&nbsp;Sumon Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the thermal performance of the conjugate free convective flow of air within a square enclosure containing a heat-conducting obstacle at the center, either elliptical or circular-shaped, and a wavy cold top wall. Variations in both the corrugation frequency and amplitude of the wavy top wall, along with adjustments to the shape of the central obstacle, are systematically examined to identify the optimal thermal performance of the system. Governing Navier-Stokes and energy equations are solved using the finite element method. Initially, three different obstacle shapes, namely horizontal ellipse, vertical ellipse, and circle, are considered to assess the influence of the obstacle’s geometrical orientation, while maintaining fixed corrugation frequency and amplitude. Later, three values of dimensionless corrugation amplitude (<em>A</em> = 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04) and corrugation frequency (<em>f</em> = 7, 9, and 11) are taken to determine their effects on heat transfer efficiency and entropy generation. A comprehensive analysis is conducted, evaluating various performance indicators, including average fluid temperature, average Nusselt number, total entropy generation, and the ecological coefficient of performance. Notably, the study prioritizes achieving enhanced heat transfer while minimizing entropy generation. The results reveal that the optimal configuration offering the highest heat transfer effectiveness with the lowest entropy generation is obtained when a vertical elliptical obstacle is employed, evidenced by the consistently highest value of <em>ECOP</em> for flows with varying <em>Ra</em>. This favorable outcome is most evident with a corrugation amplitude of <em>A</em> = 0.04 and a corrugation frequency of <em>f</em> = 11, while all other parameters are kept constant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven natural frequency tuning in cantilever structures through strategic perforation patterns","authors":"Amir Hossein Rabiee,&nbsp;Parsa Shafiei,&nbsp;Alireza Farhadi","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic behavior of a cantilever rectangular beam by tuning its natural frequency through a novel perforation technique. The research aims to optimize the number and position of holes in the beam by integrating machine learning models with an optimization algorithm. Three distinct datasets were created to capture both geometric and statistical characteristics of the perforation pattern. Four predictive models were evaluated including linear regression, decision tree, support vector regression, and gradient boosting. The vulture optimization algorithm was then employed to determine the optimal configuration that achieves a target natural frequency. Results show that while models based on the binary and ten-feature datasets performed well on the training data, they encountered significant overfitting and reduced accuracy on unseen data. The derived dataset combined with the gradient boosting model achieved the best performance, with an R² of 0.99 in the training phase and 0.97 in the test phase. This high accuracy is due to the effective extraction of meaningful features that enhance pattern recognition. Example target normalized frequencies of 0.2, 0.6, and 0.9 were used to demonstrate the success of the proposed approach in fine-tuning the perforation configuration to achieve the desired natural frequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note on the inhomogeneous shear for a class of visco-electro-elastic slab. A parametric study","authors":"R. Bustamante ,&nbsp;O. Orellana","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A boundary value problem is studied for a class of electro-visco-elastic semi-infinite slab, considering constitutive equations, wherein the deviatoric part of the symmetric stress tensor, and the electric displacement, are assumed to be functions of the left Cauchy–Green tensor, the symmetric part of the velocity gradient, and the electric field. The boundary value problem being studied corresponds to a class of inhomogeneous shear for a slab, under the influence of an electric field acting transversely to that body. Two (in general nonlinear) equations are obtained, which can be used to determine the shear deformation and the electric field inside the slab. Considering some further simplifications such equations are reduced to one linear partial differential equation for the shear deformation. The main equation and the different variables are put into dimensionless forms, and the dimensionless equivalent partial differential equation is solved exactly for some particular boundary and initial conditions. Such solutions are still valid for the case of large deformations. Some numerical results are presented, evaluating the exact solution for different values for some of the material parameters of the problem (in dimensionless forms). The main idea is to study the effect of electric fields in the behaviour of the slab.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical analysis of an ultra-light chassis model for a single-seat vehicle","authors":"Brayan Daniel Duran Flores ,&nbsp;Edgar Adhair Montes Gómez ,&nbsp;Luis Arturo Soriano Avendaño ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Castellón Medinaceli","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article presents a mechanical analysis of an ultra-light chassis designed for a single-seat vehicle, focusing on weight optimization and energy efficiency. The methodology includes material selection using constraint graphs and mechanical testing, with aluminum 6060 chosen for its favorable strength-to-weight ratio. Tensile and flexural tests were conducted to evaluate the material’s strength, followed by static, dynamic load, and wind tunnel simulations in SOLIDWORKS, validating the aerodynamic and structural design The results show good safety factor distribution throughout the chassis, although a critical component, Element 58 (rear suspension support), has a low safety factor and exceeds the yield limit under maximum load conditions, indicating a need for redesign or reinforcement. Recommendations include increasing the cross-sectional area of the critical element or using a higher-strength material to ensure structural integrity and enhance the vehicle’s overall performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of solar flat plate collector with cooling chamber partially filled with highly porous metal foams","authors":"Syed Mustafkhadri ,&nbsp;Banjara Kotresha ,&nbsp;Kishan Naik ,&nbsp;Shashikumar C M","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 3D numerical experimentation is performed to explore the convection parameters of water flowing via eco-friendly novel cooling channel partially packed with metal foams (MF) using ANSYS Workbench 2022 R2. The foremost goal of the current study is to advance the thermal performance of SFPC (solar flat plate collector) and also its electrical efficiency. For this determination, four different filling rates (H_f = 0.25H, 0.5H, 0.75H and H respectively) and MF of four distinct pores per inch (10, 20, 30 and 45) are considered. The MF is located next to the internal surface of the solar module to augment the heat transfer. In this numerical computation, solar radiation heat flux is kept constant and solar plate is positioned at an inclination equal to latitude of the site. The combined Darcy Extended Forchheimer (DEF) and Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) model is employed to envisage the convective heat flow through MF filled solar collector. Initially, the numerical computations are confirmed with the help of literature data and achieved a fairly good agreement. The outcomes show that the peak temperature of SFPC surface is dropped by 24 – 27 °C and also its electrical efficiency is amplified up to 13 - 14 % from 8 – 9 % with the use of MFs. The fall of peak temperature around 25 to 30 °C with 19.50 %, 18.50 %, 17.64 % and 19.74 % in temperature drop is observed for 10, 20, 30 and 45 PPI MFs respectively with regard to non-porous case SFPC. The highest thermal performance was achieved for 45PPI with H_f =0.75H and lowest performance is obtained for 30PPI at H_f =0.25H The enhancement ratio (Er) is much higher for 7 l/min mass flow rate than those for 1, 3 and 5 l/min. Outcomes also exhibit that the 10 and 45 PPI MF stretches 2.72 and 2.68 more heat than non-porous chamber respectively. The 45 PPI MF achieves higher enhancement ratio with respect to all other PPI MF’s and also in all configurations studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on strain energy evolution characteristics and mechanisms between two types of fissured granites under true triaxial stresses","authors":"Jin-Rui Gong ,&nbsp;Ming-Fa Huang ,&nbsp;Chang-Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Hao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the strain energy evolution processes and the associated failure behaviors of two types of fissured granite under the influence of true triaxial stresses. Strain energy characteristics are critical to comprehending the deformation and failure mechanisms of rock masses. Utilizing Hunan granite as a representative example, this research focuses on the variations in strain energy rate, strain energy conversion rate, and strain energy values at peak strength (<em>σ</em>_p) across different levels of intermediate principal stress (<em>σ</em>₂). The findings suggest that an escalation of <em>σ</em>₂ enhances the susceptibility of granite to brittle failure. Observations also reveal a reciprocal relationship between the elastic strain energy (<em>U</em>_e) rate and the dissipated strain energy (<em>U</em>_d) during the failure process. Within the same <em>σ</em>₂ condition, the <em>U</em>_e conversion rate consistently exceeds that of <em>U</em>_d prior to reaching crack damage stress. Conversely, beyond this stress threshold, the <em>U</em>_d conversion rate consistently surpasses <em>U</em>_e, particularly under heightened <em>σ</em>₂. The study further unveils that at lower <em>σ</em>₂ values, increased dissipated strain energy variation in the <em>σ</em>₂ direction (<em>U</em>_2d) results in more pronounced energy dissipation and a higher incidence of cracking on the surfaces of pre-existing fissures. In contrast, at elevated <em>σ</em>₂ values, a reduced <em>U</em>_2d variation corresponds to fewer observed cracks and a greater tendency for the rock to fracture along the minimum principal stress (<em>σ</em>₃) direction. The insights gained from this investigation significantly contribute to the field of rock mechanics, particularly concerning the understanding of true triaxial stress behaviors, and bear vital implications for predicting and ensuring rock stability in engineering practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of main bearing displacements in the monoblock of a commercial common rail diesel engine","authors":"Luca Piancastelli,&nbsp;Irene Giusti,&nbsp;Marella De Santis","doi":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apples.2025.100254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the structural behavior of the monoblock crankcase of a commercial common rail diesel engine, with a specific focus on the displacements of main bearing housings under realistic operating conditions. A detailed reverse engineering approach was employed to reconstruct the crankcase geometry, followed by finite element simulations of critical load cases derived from combustion pressure and inertial dynamics. The mechanical design criteria of crankcases and hydrodynamic bearing systems are reviewed to define acceptable tolerance ranges and deformation limits. Stress and displacement analyses were conducted across multiple engine operating scenarios to identify critical regions and evaluate the structural integrity of the engine block. Results indicate that the most significant bearing misalignments occur at central supports, suggesting potential areas for reinforcement or design improvement. The findings support the application of precise manufacturing techniques and modular design philosophies to ensure bearing alignment and engine reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72251,"journal":{"name":"Applications in engineering science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}