Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials最新文献

{"title":"Plant cuticle-inspired “skeleton-skin” strategy: Engineering robust and superhydrophobic wood composites via in-situ molecular assembly","authors":"Minghui Yang,&nbsp;Zhirui Hua,&nbsp;Xiaolin Shi,&nbsp;Yantao Song,&nbsp;Haiyan Tan,&nbsp;Dingyuan Zheng,&nbsp;Yanhua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01975-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01975-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In nature, the plant cuticle serves as a sophisticated organic barrier, where a rigid polysaccharide framework is integrated with self-assembled epicuticular waxes to resist environmental stressors. Inspired by this evolutionary paradigm, we propose a “skeleton-skin” dual-reinforced strategy to fabricate a robust, superhydrophobic, and antibacterial wood composite (SPAFD). A rigid internal “Skeleton” was constructed by selectively removing lignin and conducting in-situ ring-opening polymerization of polylactic acid within the cellulose scaffold, achieving a 746% increase in compressive strength. Simultaneously, a durable external “skin” was engineered through the synergistic interfacial assembly of arachidic acid and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, mimicking the hierarchical protection of plant waxes. Supported by density functional theory calculations, this integration overcome interfacial kinetic barriers to reach a deep thermodynamic basin, while establishing a localized low-energy electrostatic shield that masks substrate polarity. Consequently, the SPAFD composite achieves stable superhydrophobicity (water contact angle &gt; 154°) and maintains its non-wetting integrity under severe mechanical abrasion, chemical corrosion, and long-term hydrothermal aging (80 °C, 80% RH for 56 days). Additionally, a dual “passive-active” antibacterial mechanism was achieved, combining physical anti-adhesion with chemical sterilization via slow-release lactic acid. This work provides a theoretically guided approach for transforming wood into high-performance structural materials for rigorous outdoor applications. </p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01975-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A permeable and stretchable liquid metal fiber enables ultrahigh-linearity and wide-range strain sensors","authors":"Chaqi Gai,&nbsp;Ziran Wang,&nbsp;Fu Shang,&nbsp;Luyang Zhang,&nbsp;Zaiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Yanping Huang,&nbsp;Xiao Bai,&nbsp;Peng Yan,&nbsp;Rui You","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01978-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01978-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wearable strain sensors hold great promise for applications in personalized health monitoring, human-machine interaction, and intelligent healthcare, whereas developing strain sensors with both high linearity and wide strain range remain a significant challenge. Here, we present a simple strategy to address this issue by taking advantage of carbon nanotubes as a rigid conductive skeleton and a fluidic liquid metal as a dynamically conductive phase, realizing a permeable and stretchable fiber strain sensor with an ultrahigh linearity of 0.9999 over a wide strain range of up to 359%. Polydopamine self-assembles on the fiber surface to create an adhesion layer that immobilizes carbon nanotubes and liquid metal, thereby enhancing the continuity and stability of the composite conductive network, with a detection limit down to 0.1% and stability over 3000 cycles. The strain sensor also shows the strong photothermal response (The linearity between light intensity and saturation temperature reaches as high as 0.997) under different light intensities. Moreover, the high breathability and moisture permeability is verified through forearm skin irritation tests and water vapor permeability measurements. Exceptional performance achieves comprehensive detection of human movement and application in the human-machine interaction systems. This research reconciles the trade-off between linearity and sensing range, enhancing the development of high-performance strain sensors for intelligent robotics and wearable electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01978-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable interpretation-ready multifunctional sensing by Bio-based α-Helix biomimetic shape memory material and manufacturing design","authors":"Ning Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Maofan Zhou,&nbsp;Ludwig Cardon,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Pablo Reyes,&nbsp; Dagmar R. D’hooge,&nbsp;Mariya Edeleva","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01954-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01954-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as self-powered sensors, while relying on (i) non-sustainable, oil-based materials and (ii) external timing circuits or machine learning back ends. Here, we report a bio-based, 4D-printed α-helix shape memory TENG (H-STENG) that integrates sustainable material design, programmable architecture, and interpretation ready multimodal sensing. A PLA/PHA/chitosan composite was engineered through meso-scale morphology regulation and interfacial hydrogen-bonding and amide interactions, yielding improved toughness and shape memory recovery (~90% within &lt; 10 s). Filament material extrusion programmed the composite into a biomimetic α-helix architecture, enabling mechanically adaptive triboelectric and resistive outputs. The real-time H-STENG directly encodes loading, holding, unloading, and resting states into phase resolved peak and plateau waveforms; holding duration is linearly extracted from the plateau width without external timing circuits or machine learning post-processing. The α-helix structure further provides an intrinsic resistive sensing mode, where deformation amplitude, rate, holding time, and recovery state are resolved through conductive network reconstruction. The device shows stable energy harvesting, temperature triggered shape recovery, environmental robustness, Morse-code communication, and human motion monitoring. This work establishes a sustainable, structurally programmable, and algorithm-free sensing platform for interpretation ready wearable electronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01954-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal-organic frameworks in polymer matrices: Design strategies for energy conversion and storage applications","authors":"Ziyu Gan,&nbsp;Yayun Wang,&nbsp;Weiqi Xie","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01735-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01735-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of growing global energy challenges, investigations into environmentally friendly and renewable energy storage/conversion systems have gained significant momentum in scientific research. The development of efficient carriers capable of energy storage or facilitating proton/electron transfer processes represents a critical aspect of modern energy technologies. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as novel porous materials, have emerged as promising candidates for energy-related applications owing to their exceptional structural versatility, tunable properties, and multifunctional characteristics. This review introduces the progress in utilizing MOF-polymer composite materials for energy storage and conversion purposes. The discussion begins with an overview of the development of MOF-polymer composites, followed by a detailed introduction to the synthesis approaches for these hybrid materials and their implementation in various energy technologies. The presented studies demonstrate innovative pathways for designing next-generation functional materials. Finally, this review concludes with perspectives on the future directions of MOF-polymer composite applications in energy systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01735-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly curcumin-derived carbon quantum dots paired magnetic-carbon nitride for sustainable photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin and antibacterial performance","authors":"Basit Ali Shah,&nbsp;Asma Sardar,&nbsp;Kashif Naseem,&nbsp;Gohar Mehboob,&nbsp;Xinyan Wu,&nbsp;Bin Yuan,&nbsp;Bin Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01964-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01964-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The persistent discharge of antibiotic contaminants into aquatic environments promotes antimicrobial resistance (AMR), posing significant ecological and public health risks. Toward this objective, ciprofloxacin (CIP)-contaminated water was treated via visible-light-assisted photocatalysis using curcumin-derived carbon quantum dots (Cur-CQDs) paired magnetic-carbon nitride lateral heterostructures (LMCN@Cur-CDs) to evaluate their degradation efficiency. The resulting lateral heterostructure (LHS) exhibited a larger surface area (S_BET=154.8 m²‧g^− 1), abundant defect sites (I_D/I_G=1.06), and yielded efficient peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation under visible light. Consequently, rapid CIP degradation (94.86% within 50 min; K₁ = 0.0505 min^− 1 at pH 7) was achieved through enhanced in-plane charge separation and reactive oxygen species‒ROS (SO₄^•‒, ^•O₂^–, ^•OH) generation, as confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR) and quenching experiments. Density functional theory (DFT) and Fukui index analyses identified preferential radical attack sites (f^o: 0.06091–0.13296) on CIP molecules, whereas QSAR/TEST-based toxicity predictions indicated reduced toxicity of degraded products. Importantly, LMCN@Cur-CDs nearly cost $9.2761‧kg^− 1, comparable to activated carbon and lower than many noble-metal-based nanocatalysts. Furthermore, the LHS‒photocatalyst achieved ~ 99.99% antibacterial efficiency against multidrug-resistant‒<i>MRSA-1369</i> and <i>E. coli</i>-<i>25,922</i> strains under visible-light exposure, demonstrating comparable efficacy to standard antibiotic-CIP even at low dosages (50 µg‧mL^− 1). In-silico simulations further validated its antibacterial potential through strong interactions with <i>DNA-gyrase</i>^<i>MRSA</i> and <i>β-lactamase</i>^{<i>E. coli</i>} enzymes, while in-vitro MTT and hemolysis assays confirmed &gt; 80% cytocompatibility. In short, this work provides a promising strategy for designing eco-friendly, efficient, and economical visible-light‒active LHS‒photocatalysts for sustainable antibiotic remediations and AMR mitigation toward public health protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01964-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced fluorescent materials for intelligent food freshness monitoring: design, mechanisms, and multi-target applications","authors":"Yuxiao Hu,&nbsp;Jiaxin Tong,&nbsp;Wanli Zhang,&nbsp;Jong-Whan Rhim,&nbsp;Haiming Chen,&nbsp;Zhijian Tan","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01946-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01946-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorescent biopolymer-based intelligent monitoring systems enable rapid, intuitive, and quantifiable optical transduction of chemical signals associated with food spoilage, including volatile bioamines, pH shifts, and redox reactions, representing a highly promising strategy for food freshness assessment and intelligent packaging. This review systematically outlines recent progress in the design and construction of such intelligent platforms by integrating five representative fluorescent materials—metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), metal nanoclusters (MNCs), carbon dots (CDs), aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials, and fluorescent dyes—into biopolymer matrices including polysaccharides and proteins. Core stimulus–response mechanisms are comprehensively discussed, covering fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), photoinduced electron transfer (PET), excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), and AIE, which collectively give rise to fluorescence enhancement/quenching, ratiometric responses, colorimetric transitions, and multichannel signal output. For lanthanide MOFs, particular emphasis is placed on the regulation of coordination chemistry, including metal nodes, ligand structures, pore microenvironments, and the antenna effect, which govern energy transfer efficiency, adsorption affinity toward biogenic amines, and sensing sensitivity. Representative applications of single-channel, multichannel, and monitoring–preservation integrated systems with antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities are comparatively evaluated in real food matrices such as meat, aquatic products, and dairy products, with key performance indicators including sensitivity, response time, stability, visualization efficiency, and practical applicability highlighted. Finally, critical challenges are identified concerning precise coordination structure modulation, signal stability in complex food environments, fluorescent component migration and biosafety, green scalable fabrication, and regulatory compliance. Future directions are also prospected, highlighting synergistic opportunities from coordination chemistry, high-throughput screening, machine learning, and sustainable biopolymer processing. This review provides theoretical support and design principles for developing robust, safe, reliable, and practically viable fluorescent biopolymer-based intelligent food monitoring systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01946-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially programmable Janus particles from natural polymers for synergistic co-delivery of hydrophobic nutraceuticals","authors":"Zhe Liu,&nbsp;Xiaojie Ma,&nbsp;Tao Yang,&nbsp;Yichen Zheng,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Lü,&nbsp;David Julian McClements,&nbsp;To Ngai,&nbsp;Hui Hu,&nbsp;Jinjin Zhu,&nbsp;Aimin Shi,&nbsp;Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01955-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01955-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of food-grade Janus particles for synergistic co-delivery of hydrophobic nutraceuticals remains a formidable challenge due to limitations in scalable fabrication and mechanistic understanding. Here, we propose a spatially programmable strategy that utilizes microfluidic control of the phase separation process to direct the assembly of natural polymers (zein and shellac) to construct anisotropic Janus particles and co-deliver hydrophobic nutraceuticals, thereby enabling continuous production and precise control. Functionalization with chitosan transforms the particles into superior Pickering emulsifiers, creating a robust gel-like network that dramatically enhances stability and modulates digestibility. Crucially, the anisotropic structure facilitated partitioned co-loading of curcumin and resveratrol, leading to synergistic effects including improved cellular uptake, potent cytotoxicity, and remarkable bioaccessibility. Molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the thermodynamic stability of Janus architecture and revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying partitioned loading. This integrated approach provides both a versatile platform for fabricating food-grade Janus particles and fundamental insights into their structure-function relationships, opening new avenues for engineered delivery systems in food and pharmaceutical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01955-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wood-fiber-based flexible wearable sensors: modification strategies, fabrication methods, and sustainable applications","authors":"Yuwen Zhao,&nbsp;Linghua Yao,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Jianchun Jiang,&nbsp;Kexin Wei,&nbsp;Mashallah Rezakazemi,&nbsp;Shengbo Ge","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01968-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01968-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible sensors have garnered significant attention due to their inherent flexibility, abrasion resistance, and tunable mechanical properties, which enable real-time, non-invasive detection of diverse stimuli. The performance of these sensors largely depends on the properties of their sensing materials. With growing environmental concerns, natural fiber composites—especially wood fiber—have emerged as sustainable alternatives due to their renewability, mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In contrast, conventional materials like metal films and conductive polymers suffer from fragility, limited conductivity, and complex fabrication, limiting their use in demanding environments. Wood fiber offers advantages such as low cost, biodegradability, and high flexibility, yet its poor electrical conductivity, moisture sensitivity, and limited long-term stability hinder performance. To address these limitations, various chemical, physical, and biological modification strategies have been employed. Concurrently, advanced fabrication techniques have been developed to enhance conductivity, flexibility, and scalability. Unlike previous reviews that focus mainly on flexible sensors or cellulose-based materials, this review emphasizes wood fiber as an integrated structural, functional, and sustainable platform for wearable sensing systems. It highlights recent progress in the modification and processing of wood fiber-based flexible sensing materials, explores their applications in health monitoring, human–machine interfaces, environmental detection, and industrial fields, and discusses future opportunities and ongoing challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01968-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma-engineered 2D semiconductor heterostructure enabling photonic neuromorphic and 5-bit reservoir computing","authors":"Muhammad Asghar Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasim,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani,&nbsp;Jae Hyeop Lee,&nbsp;Min Su Kim,&nbsp;Aviraj Mahadev Teli,&nbsp;Sonali Ajay Beknalkar,&nbsp;Illahi Jan Shah,&nbsp;Jonghwa Eom,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq Khan,&nbsp;Jae Cheol Shin","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01959-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01959-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have gained significant attention as candidates for field-effect transistors (FETs) in next-generation electronics and ultrafast memory applications for artificial intelligence (AI) systems. In this study, we present a reliable and efficient approach to fabricate a photonic synaptic transistor for neuromorphic and reservoir computing, achieved by utilizing oxygen plasma treatment on the bottom side of hafnium disulfide (HfS₂). The fabricated device exhibits n-type semiconducting characteristics and a pronounced clockwise hysteresis in its transfer curves, which is attributed to intentionally engineered defect-induced traps within the HfO_x layer. Notably, the device exhibits a substantial memory window of approximately 114 V during a gate voltage sweep of ± 100 V, and the memory window can be dynamically tuned from 4 V to 114 V by adjusting the gate voltage sweep range between ± 10 V and ± 100 V. Furthermore, the device exhibits low energy consumption of ~ 2.25 nJ per optical spike, demonstrating its suitability for low-power neuromorphic systems. Additionally, the device demonstrates core synaptic behaviors including paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), optical spike number dependent plasticity (SNDP), and spike time dependent plasticity (STDP) under ultraviolet illumination (365 nm). The device further achieves 32 distinct output states, highlighting its suitability for 5-bit reservoir computing systems. These results provide an innovative approach for advancing AI-based hardware and efficient computing platforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01959-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polybenzoxazine composite bipolar plates with hierarchical sandwich architecture of freestanding laser-induced graphitized sheet core and MWCNT-dispersed expanded graphite skin layers for PEMFCs","authors":"Abdalla Ahmed,&nbsp;Hyunwoo J. Yang,&nbsp;Donghyeon Cho,&nbsp;Jongin Park,&nbsp;EunAe Cho,&nbsp;Seong Su Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01962-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01962-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer composite bipolar plates offer weight and cost advantages over graphite and metallic alternatives for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), yet simultaneously meeting all U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) targets at moderate filler loadings remains challenging. This work presents a sandwich-architecture composite bipolar plate comprising thermally expanded graphite (EGT), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and a laser-induced graphitized sheet (LIGS) core in a polybenzoxazine (PBZ) matrix — the first reported use of LIGS in PEMFC bipolar plates — fabricated via hot compression molding at 10 MPa (60 min in-mold pressure time), substantially milder than conventional systems (15–40 MPa, 30–250 min). Beyond performance, LIGS can be generated in-situ from polymer precursors already present in the fabrication workflow via a laser-based automated process, opening a pathway toward on-demand, supply-chain-independent conductive interlayer production suited to mass manufacturing, with further research into throughput scaling and high-volume process integration representing the natural next step. A 2 × 4 factorial study (± LIGS × 0–4 wt% MWCNT, constant 30 wt% PBZ / 70 wt% filler) identified 2 wt% MWCNT as optimal through convergent property maxima across all DOE-relevant domains, with LIGS contributing an approximately invariant in-plane conductivity enhancement (+ 11–13%) and MWCNT-dependent compensatory through-plane bridging, confirmed by FE-SEM showing defect-free interfaces and a mechanically interlocked hybrid core. The optimal formulation (A6: 68 wt% EGT / 2 wt% MWCNT / LIGS / 30 wt% PBZ) exceeded all measured DOE targets — flexural strength ~ 99 MPa, in-plane conductivity 322.8 S/cm, ASR 7.91 mΩ·cm², H₂ permeability 9.0 × 10⁻¹¹ cm³·cm/(cm²·s·Pa), corrosion current ~ 0.58 µA/cm², thermal conductivity 18.1 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, and water contact angle 115.6° — at 5–10 wt% lower filler loading than reported PBZ-based competitors, with single-cell PEMFC testing confirming performance comparable to bulk graphite across kinetic and ohmic operating regions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01962-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}