Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials最新文献

{"title":"The graphene oxide evolution: Tailoring molecular architecture for next-gen nanocomposites","authors":"Bhashkar Singh Bohra,&nbsp;Manoj Karakoti,&nbsp;Anita Rana,&nbsp;Monika Matiyani,&nbsp;Tanuja Arya,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Adam Strachota,&nbsp;Suryasarathi Bose","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01742-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01742-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rising demand for lightweight, high-performance materials has intensified interest in graphene-based polymer nanocomposites (GPNCs). Yet, despite graphene’s exceptional intrinsic properties, its translation into industrial applications has been hindered by the strong tendency of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) sheets to agglomerate within polymer matrices, a consequence of dominant π-π stacking and van der Waals attractions. This aggregation undermines dispersion uniformity and significantly reduces composite performance. Functionalization has therefore emerged as a pivotal strategy for overcoming these limitations. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the evolution of GO and functionalized GO (fGO) in polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), with detailed coverage of both covalent and non-covalent modification approaches. We discuss how functionalization not only enhances dispersion but also preserves the essential characteristics of GO, enabling its effective integration into diverse polymer systems. A central component of this review is a comparative evaluation of GO- and fGO-based nanocomposites, examining how mechanical, thermal, electrical, rheological, and barrier enhancements are governed by factors such as dispersion quality, chemical functionality, filler orientation and size, processing conditions, and intrinsic filler properties. By synthesizing recent advancements and addressing critical gaps in existing literature, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and engineers. Furthermore, we highlight the expanding application landscape of these materials, from self-healing and shape-memory systems to aerospace structures, ballistic protection, EMI shielding, hydrogen storage, food packaging, and water purification, aiming to inspire innovation and accelerate the development of next-generation graphene-reinforced polymer nanocomposites for a wide range of industries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01742-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research advances towards multidimensional signal processing strategies for polymeric multimodal flexible sensors","authors":"Jun Tong,&nbsp;Bin Lan,&nbsp;Min Wu,&nbsp;Zhifeng Wang,&nbsp;Haichen Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Ruiqi Yuan,&nbsp;Haichu Chen,&nbsp;Lan Liao","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01750-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01750-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The inherent advantages of polymer materials, such as excellent flexibility, processability, and molecular structure tunability, make them critical materials for fabrication of multimodal flexible sensors, which can be applicated in complex scenarios to perceive and monitor diverse stimuli, particularly in physiological signal acquisition and human-machine interaction. However, the widespread existence of signal crosstalk and coupling phenomena, which originate from the intrinsic material properties and device integration strategies, severely compromise the performance and reliability of multimodal flexible sensors. This paper systematically reviews the strategies of signal processing to identify the correct signal for multimodal flexible sensors from multiple perspectives, containing signal processing based on material combination, structural optimization, differences of signal response characteristics, and artificial intelligence technology. Previously, the basic structural composition, commonly used materials, fundamental sensing mechanisms and common fabrication methods of flexible sensors are systematically introduced. Signal decoupling by extracting the characteristic differences of output signals in terms of sensing behavior dependent on test condition, time response and variations in amplitude, and utilizing differential measurement techniques are systematically discussed. Moreover, the fundamental types and principles of machine learning algorithms, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of them are also introduced in detail before discussing their application in signal decoupling and recognition. Simultaneously, the advantages of signal processing strategies based on machine learning compared with traditional signal processing strategies and their current limitations are elaborated in detail. Finally, the paper summarizes the persistent challenges in multimodal flexible sensing and offers a forward-looking perspective on the developmental trajectory of polymeric multimodal sensors, with the goal of providing a reference for future research and promoting the practical application of multimodal flexible sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01750-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition-driven phase structures in laser-deposited titanium-steel composites: microstructural evolution and interfacial strengthening mechanisms","authors":"Yuxin Tian,&nbsp;Qingnan Zhang,&nbsp;De Liu,&nbsp;Yangzheng Li,&nbsp;Wei Gao,&nbsp;Kangkai Hu,&nbsp;Yu Liao,&nbsp;Jingxin Liu,&nbsp;Hongying Yu,&nbsp;Dongbai Sun,&nbsp;Xuzhou Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01752-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01752-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combining titanium’s excellent corrosion resistance with steel’s low cost, titanium-steel composites have shown broad application prospects in marine equipment and petrochemical engineering. However, mismatches in thermophysical properties and intensive elemental interdiffusion in titanium-steel systems readily induce the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds at the interface during laser deposition, thereby limiting interfacial reliability. Clarifying the role of titanium alloy composition in regulating interfacial reaction pathways and interfacial performance is therefore critical. In this study, a Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al coating was designed and fabricated by laser deposition, with TA1(Pure-Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V coatings used as references. The effects of alloy composition on the thermal response, interfacial microstructural evolution, and interfacial strengthening behavior were systematically investigated. The Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al coating exhibited superior interfacial microstructural stability and mechanical performance, characterized by a continuous <i>β</i>-Ti matrix with uniformly dispersed nanoscale <i>α</i>-Ti, whereas the reference coatings were dominated by coarse <i>α</i>-Ti. A metallurgical transition zone of approximately 200 μm formed at all interfaces, within which FeTi and Fe₂Ti were identified as the dominant intermetallic phases. First-principles calculations revealed that FeTi possesses lower formation enthalpy and more favorable lattice matching than Fe₂Ti, while V stabilizes the BCC FeTi structure, suppressing brittle Fe₂Ti formation. Consequently, the Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al coating achieved a shear strength of 101.5 MPa, representing a 107.5 % increase compared with the TA1 coating (48.9 MPa). These results demonstrate that <i>β</i>-stabilized titanium alloy design provides an effective strategy for regulating titanium–steel interfacial reactions and enhancing interfacial reliability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01752-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired smart glass-like hydrogels with strong and switchable underwater adhesion","authors":"Yi Liu,&nbsp;Yuanmao Fu,&nbsp;Xian Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Guo,&nbsp;Xiaolin Wang,&nbsp;Hui Guo","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01749-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01749-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smart adhesives with on-demand control are highly desirable, while creating hydrogels that combine strong, switchable underwater adhesion remains a significant challenge. Herein, we develop a novel strategy to achieve robust and tunable underwater adhesion with bio-inspired smart glass-like hydrogels. As a proof of concept, a hydrogel is simply prepared by integrating rigid poly(phenyl acrylate) segments into a poly[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride network. At room temperature, the vitrified phase-separated structure imparts the hydrogel with high mechanical strength. The adhesion is governed by a reversible transition between a soft network state and a frozen one, where the elastic modulus varies by 600-fold. The soft state conditions conformal underwater contact, allowing non-covalent interactions and mechanical interlocking to develop, while the network re-enters the frozen state, restoring cohesion and locking the established interfacial contact, thereby enabling high underwater adhesive strength on various substrates (up to 1.45 MPa), which outperforms most reported hydrogel adhesives. Notably, the adhesive performance can be reversibly switched off by returning the network to the soft state for facile detachment, allowing the material to function as a thermo-controllable gripper. Systematic evaluations validate the proposed adhesion mechanism, revealing that adhesive performance is strongly dependent on the hydrogel’s stiffness, contact condition, testing temperature, and substrate roughness. This work offers a promising strategy for designing next-generation smart adhesives with tunable and reversible performance for broad practical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01749-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naturally derived skin-like elastomer materials for adaptive and in situ processable biomedical interfaces","authors":"Ruinan Hao,&nbsp;Huaqi Wang,&nbsp;Zhengxin Peng,&nbsp;Jinzhi Du,&nbsp;Xiaoli Li,&nbsp;Yong Yuan,&nbsp;Jie Du,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Ming Tian,&nbsp;Feng Tian,&nbsp;Liqun Zhang,&nbsp;Jiajia Xue","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01747-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01747-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Next-generation biomedical interfaces, including wearable sensors, implantable electronics, and patient-specific therapeutic systems, require skin-like elastomers that combine softness, stretchability, and conformal adaptability with clinical and environmental viability. Here, we report a supramolecular gelatin elastomer formed via glycerol-mediated hydrogen bonding, which reorganizes the molecular network into a non-crystalline, reprocessable matrix that supports in situ shaping and mild-condition processing. The elastomer exhibits tunable mechanical properties, thermal plasticity, and recyclability, while maintaining ambient stability. Incorporation of functional nanofillers, including silica, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, and halloysite nanotubes, further enhances mechanical robustness and interfacial compatibility, enabling customized structural designs and functional performance. Leveraging these tunable mechanical and interfacial properties, the gelatin elastomer also enables integration of conductive components for adaptive and in situ processable biomedical interfaces. As a proof of concept, the elastomer incorporates carbon nanotubes and NaCl to achieve high electrical conductivity and high-fidelity signal acquisition, enabling stable recording of electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, and compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) in humans. This work establishes a reprocessable, sustainable, and human-evaluated elastomer platform that bridges natural polymer chemistry with functional device performance, advancing the clinical translation of soft bioelectronic and therapeutic interfaces.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01747-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal-polyphenol networks facilitate the construction of recyclable fiberboard","authors":"Xia Yu,&nbsp;Zongying Fu,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Guo,&nbsp;Yun Lu,&nbsp;Lihong Yao","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01753-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01753-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global annual fiberboard production is approximately 53 million tons, yet its current recycling rate is less than 20%. The fundamental cause lies in the synthetic adhesives used in production, such as urea-formaldehyde and phenolic resins, which form chemical bonds that are difficult to cleave during bonding, hindering the recycling and reuse of fiberboard. Therefore, a dynamically reversible bonding strategy is desirable to facilitate fiberboard recycling while maintaining adequate strength and environmental safety. Metal–polyphenol networks (MPNs) exhibit several advantages, including rapid bonding, moderate binding energy, environmentally friendly synthesis, and reversible responsiveness. This study demonstrates that coordination interactions between metal ions and polyphenolic compounds form a dynamic supramolecular network, whereby board bonding is achieved through in situ self-assembly of MPNs within the fiber network, enabling the fabrication of recyclable fiberboards with integrated bonding functionality without the addition of conventional synthetic adhesives. The internal bonding strength of the resulting recyclable fiberboard reaches 2.6 MPa, static bending strength is 46 MPa, and 24-hour thickness swelling upon water absorption is 11%, showing mechanical performance comparable to or exceeding that of most biomass adhesives. After four cycles of reuse, the bonding strength retains 76%. The formaldehyde release of recyclable fiberboard is far below the ENF (European Norm for Formaldehyde) standard, and concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), benzene, toluene, and xylene are all below the detection limit, demonstrating both recyclability and carbon reduction potential, thus contributing to a circular economy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01753-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in metallic foams for high-performance applications: Energy absorption and lightweight materials","authors":"Hania Batool,&nbsp;Jianghua Shen,&nbsp;Xu Long","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01726-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01726-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metallic foams are lightweight cellular materials with exceptional energy absorption capabilities. This study systematically analyzes aluminum, magnesium, and titanium foam systems through cross-comparative assessment of 133 studies, examining four manufacturing routes and their impact on performance. Energy absorption varies with composition: aluminum foams achieve 2.6–13 MJ/kg, steel composites reach 4.0–50 MJ/kg, while microsphere foams attain 55–70 MJ/kg. Hybrid bi-continuous interpenetrated porous composites (BIPC) demonstrate 130% higher energy absorption than constituent components through structural synergies. Open-cell architectures exhibit 70–95% porosity, enabling thermal management applications. Systematic cross-comparative analysis demonstrates that relative density (0.1–0.5), pore morphology, and reinforcement strategy govern specific energy absorption, plateau stress, and deformation stability. Manufacturing techniques including powder metallurgy, gas expansion, reactive foaming, and foam infiltration have improved structural control; however, uniform porosity, reproducibility, and scalability remain challenging. The review identifies critical gaps in standardized high-strain-rate characterization and cross-study comparability. Future research should focus on processing optimization, hybrid integration strategies, and unified performance evaluation frameworks to support broader adoption in automotive, aerospace, and defense applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01726-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147830016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tadpole-like natural phenol endowed polyurethane elastomer with ultra-wide damping temperature range and self-healing properties","authors":"Zhao Fu,&nbsp;Yuanbo Qin,&nbsp;Feng Qi,&nbsp;Chunyang Di,&nbsp;Zengqiong Zhao,&nbsp;Yutong Li,&nbsp;Jinbin Wang,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Hongjia Song,&nbsp;Xiangli Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01672-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01672-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Damping materials play a crucial role in mitigating vibrations and minimizing noise pollution across both military and civilian sectors. However, they often encounter the challenge of damping failure under extreme or variable temperature environments due to the narrow glass transition region. Herein, we proposed an innovative strategy by introducing natural phenol (D-α-tocopherol) into the disulfide-based polyurethane elastomer (PUE), which exhibited ultra-wide effective damping temperature range (–53 ~ 118 ℃), large Tan <i>δ</i> area (77 K) and excellent self-healing properties compared with reported PUE composites. Interestingly, D-α-Tocopherol possesses molecular structure resembling tadpoles with abdominal suckers and flexible tails, which facilitated the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and dangling chains in the PUE. The intermolecular hydrogen bond promoted the phase separation of the soft and hard segments in PUE, thus forming ultra-wide glass transition regions. Meanwhile, the dangling chain effectively increased the free volume between the PUE chains, facilitating the movement of the PUE chain and further accelerating the breaking and recombination of hydrogen and disulfide bonds. The introduction of D-α-Tocopherol increased the energy-loss pathways and significantly enhanced the damping performance of the PUE composites from low to high temperature. This work provides a novel strategy for designing high-performance damping materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01672-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic liquid metal ink sac","authors":"Cai Cheng,&nbsp;Nan Li,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Huize Song,&nbsp;Xueqing Chen,&nbsp;Yujia Song,&nbsp;Yibing Ma,&nbsp;Chenyunfei Qiu,&nbsp;Jing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01692-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01692-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mimicking the intriguing ink-jetting escape strategy of cephalopods such as cuttlefish in robotics has remained rare. Here, we report a liquid metal ink sac (LMIS) and demonstrate its bio-inspired capability to mimic the macroscopic defensive functions of natural animals. The principle is based on discovering the instantaneous and powerful electrochemical ink-jetting phenomena among liquid metal (Galinstan). Through applying a specific polarization voltage, the liquid metal vigorously jets ink in aqueous solutions spanning the full pH range, from acidic to alkaline and even in artificial seawater. This forms a biomimetic “ink” that effectively blocks light to serve as a primary visual screen, while also offering a supplementary electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capability. Notably, the composition and morphology of the ink-jetting products vary significantly with the applied polarization voltage and solution environment. The system exhibits remarkable efficiency and cyclability. A mere 0.1 mL of liquid metal can generate a total ink suspension volume of approximately 600 mL over 40 cycles, equivalent to 6000 times the initial liquid metal volume. As practical illustrations, we integrated the LMIS into a biomimetic cuttlefish robot, demonstrating two operational modes: pulsed jetting that mimics natural behavior and a continuous jetting mode that surpasses it. Furthermore, the robot could sustain continuous ink-jetting for over an hour as needed. This principle equips underwater robots with an advanced defense capability and significantly expands the robotic uses of liquid metals.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>Based on the electrochemical findings on liquid metals, a biomimetic liquid metal ink sac is proposed and demonstrated with robotic uses. Assisted by DC voltage, liquid metal could generate “artificial inks” containing nanoparticles, providing a light-blocking effect. Underwater robots thus equipped would gain cuttlefish-like ink-jetting capability for defense and escape.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01692-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The construction of controllable dynamic bonds based on dynamic ester linkages and steric hindrance effect for efficient recycling of flame-retardant epoxy-based carbon fiber composites","authors":"Yunyun Yang,&nbsp;Zongjie Jiang,&nbsp;Qihang Dou,&nbsp;Yisheng Zhao,&nbsp;Ben Liu,&nbsp;Junjie Duan,&nbsp;Weibo Kong","doi":"10.1007/s42114-026-01716-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42114-026-01716-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the increasing demand for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the lightweight and high-strength epoxy-based carbon fiber composite materials have become a substitute for structural strength materials. However, there were three core challenges: insufficient flame retardancy of epoxy matrices; difficulty in synergistically optimizing mechanical and flame-retardant properties; and non-recyclability and significant degradation of carbon fiber properties after recycling. To address these issues, two reactive flame-retardant curing agents D1 and D2 with constructed controllable dynamic bonds via caged molecular design were designed and synthesized, using phosphaphenanthrene groups and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as functional units that bring phosphorus-silicon synergistic flame-retardant effects. Epoxy-based carbon fiber composites CFD1 and CFD2 which were prepared via in-situ curing with D1 and D2 achieved UL-94 V0 rating, with 48.2% and 49.2% of limiting oxygen indices (LOI), respectively. The tensile strength of CFD1 and CFD2 reached 3.27 GPa and 3.21 GPa, suggesting the synergistic enhancement of flame retardancy and mechanical properties. CFD1 and CFD2 can be efficiently recycled via the solution method with 94.6% recovery yield. The recycling cost was about RMB 3.0 per kg for recycled carbon fibers and the process greenhouse gas emissions was around 99.9% lower than that of virgin carbon fiber production. The tensile strengths of secondarily molded CFD1-R and CFD2-R remained 1.35 GPa and 1.31 GPa (41.3% of the original properties), their flame-retardant rating remained V0, and over 46.0% LOI. indicating that high-performance recyclable and flame-retardant composites are achieved by the construction of controllable dynamic bonds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7220,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42114-026-01716-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}