Animal microbiome最新文献

{"title":"Effects of dietary restriction and one-carbon metabolite supplementation during the first 63 days of gestation on the maternal gut, vaginal, and blood microbiota in cattle.","authors":"Sarah M Luecke, Godson Aryee, Devin B Holman, Kaycie N Schmidt, Layla E King, Matthew S Crouse, Alison K Ward, Carl R Dahlen, Joel S Caton, Samat Amat","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00335-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00335-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal diet quality and quantity have significant impacts on both maternal and fetal health and development. The composition and function of the maternal gut microbiome is also significantly influenced by diet; however, little is known about the impact of gestational nutrient restriction on the bovine maternal microbiome during early gestation, which is a critical stage for maternal microbiome-mediated fetal programming to take place. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of diet restriction and one-carbon metabolite (OCM) supplementation during early gestation on maternal ruminal, vaginal, and blood microbiota in cattle. Thirty-three beef heifers (approx. 14 months old) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with main factors of target gain (control [CON]; targeted 0.45 kg/d gain vs restricted [RES]; targeted - 0.23 kg/d gain), and OCM supplementation (+ OCM vs - OCM; n = 8/treatment; except n = 9 for RES-OCM). Heifers were individually fed, starting treatment at breeding (d 0) and concluding at d 63 of gestation. Ruminal fluid and vaginal swabs were collected on d - 2, d 35, and d 63 (at necropsy) and whole blood was collected on d 63 (necropsy). Bacterial microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall ruminal microbiota structure was affected by gain, OCM, time, and their interactions. The RES heifers had greater microbial richness (observed ASVs) but neither Shannon nor Inverse Simpson diversity was significantly influenced by gain or OCM supplementation; however, on d 63, 34 bacterial genera showed differential abundance in the ruminal fluid, with 25 genera enriched in RES heifers as compared to CON heifers. In addition, the overall interaction network structure of the ruminal microbiota changed due to diet restriction. The vaginal microbiota community structure was influenced by gain and time. Overall microbial richness and diversity of the vaginal microbiota steadily increased as pregnancy progressed. The vaginal ecological network structure was distinctive between RES and CON heifers with genera-genera interactions being intensified in RES heifers. A relatively diverse bacterial community was detected in blood samples, and the composition of the blood microbiota differed from that of ruminal and vaginal microbiota.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Restricted dietary intake during early gestation induced significant alterations in the ruminal microbiota which also extended to the vaginal microbiota. The composition of these two microbial communities was largely unaffected by OCM supplementation. Blood associated microbiota was largely distinctive from the ruminal and vaginal microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social environment influences microbiota and potentially pathogenic bacterial communities on the skin of developing birds.","authors":"Ester Martínez-Renau, Antonio M Martín-Platero, Kasun H Bodawatta, Manuel Martín-Vivaldi, Manuel Martínez-Bueno, Michael Poulsen, Juan José Soler","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00327-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00327-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal bacterial symbionts are established early in life, either through vertical transmission and/or by horizontal transmission from both the physical and the social environment, such as direct contact with con- or heterospecifics. The social environment particularly can influence the acquisition of both mutualistic and pathogenic bacteria, with consequences for the stability of symbiotic communities. However, segregating the effects of the shared physical environment from those of the social interactions is challenging, limiting our current knowledge on the role of the social environment in structuring bacterial communities in wild animals. Here, we take advantage of the avian brood-parasite system of Eurasian magpies (Pica pica) and great spotted cuckoos (Clamator glandarius) to explore how the interspecific social environment (magpie nestlings developing with or without heterospecifics) affects bacterial communities on uropygial gland skin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrated interspecific differences in bacterial community compositions in members of the two species when growing up in monospecific nests. However, the bacterial community of magpies in heterospecific nests was richer, more diverse, and more similar to their cuckoo nest-mates than when growing up in monospecific nests. These patterns were alike for the subset of microbes that could be considered core, but when looking at the subset of potentially pathogenic bacterial genera, cuckoo presence reduced the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacterial genera on magpies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the role of social interactions in shaping the assembly of the avian skin bacterial communities during the nestling period, as exemplified in a brood parasite-host system.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S amplicon-based microbiome biomapping of a commercial broiler hatchery.","authors":"Michael J Rothrock, Benjamin Zwirzitz, Walid G Al Hakeem, Adelumola Oladeinde, Jean Y Guard, Xiang Li","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00334-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00334-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hatcheries, where eggs from multiple breeder farms are incubated and hatched before being sent to different broiler farms, represent a nexus point in the commercial production of broilers in the United States. Considering all downstream microbial quality and safety aspects of broiler production (live production, processing, consumer use) can be potentially affected by the hatchery, a better understanding of microbial ecology within commercial hatcheries is essential. Therefore, a commercial broiler hatchery was biomapped using 16S rRNA amplicon-based microbiome analyses of four sample type categories (Air, Egg, Water, Facility) across five different places in the pre-hatch, hatch, and post-hatch areas. While distinct microbiota were found for each sample type category and hatchery area, microbial community analyses revealed that Egg microbiota trended towards clustering with the facility-related samples when moving from the prehatch to post-hatch areas, highlighting the potential effect of the hatchery environment in shaping the pre-harvest broiler-related microbiota. Prevalence analyses revealed 20 ASVs (Core20) present in the core microbiota of all sample types and areas, with each ASV possessing a unique distribution throughout the hatchery. Interestingly, three Enterobacteriaceae ASVs were in the Core20, including Salmonella. Subsequent analyses showed that Salmonella, while a minor prehatch and hatch Core20ASV, dominated the Enterobacteriaceae niche and total microbiota in the chick pad feces in the post-hatch area of the hatchery, and the presence of this Salmonella ASV in the post-hatch feces was associated with swabs of breakroom tables. These findings highlight the complexity of commercial hatchery microbiota, including identifying chick pad feces and breakroom tables as potentially important sampling or disinfection targets for hatchery managers to focus their Salmonella mitigation efforts to reduce loads entering live production farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11312677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Do fish gut microbiotas vary across spatial scales? A case study of Diplodus vulgaris in the Mediterranean Sea.","authors":"Ginevra Lilli, Charlotte Sirot, Hayley Campbell, Fanny Hermand, Deirdre Brophy, Jean-François Flot, Conor T Graham, Isabelle F George","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00333-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00333-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11311940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping the tripartite symbiosis: are termite microbiome functions directed by the environmentally acquired fungal cultivar?","authors":"Robert M Murphy, Veronica M Sinotte, Ana Cuesta-Maté, Justinn Renelies-Hamilton, Mikael Lenz-Strube, Michael Poulsen","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00332-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00332-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbiome assembly critically impacts the ability of hosts to access beneficial symbiont functions. Fungus-farming termites have co-evolved with a fungal cultivar as a primary food source and complex gut microbiomes, which collectively perform complementary degradation of plant biomass. A large subset of the bacterial community residing within termite guts are inherited (vertically transmitted) from parental colonies, while the fungal symbiont is, in most termite species, acquired from the environment (horizontally transmitted). It has remained unknown how the gut microbiota sustains incipient colonies prior to the acquisition of the fungal cultivar, and how, if at all, bacterial contributions are modulated by fungus garden establishment. Here, we test the latter by determining the composition and predicted functions of the gut microbiome using metabarcoding and shotgun metagenomics, respectively. We focus our functional predictions on bacterial carbohydrate-active enzyme and nitrogen cycling genes and verify compositional patterns of the former through enzyme activity assays. Our findings reveal that the vast majority of microbial functions are encoded in the inherited microbiome, and that the establishment of fungal gardens incurs only minor modulations of predicted bacterial capacities for carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism. While we cannot rule out that other symbiont functions are gained post-fungus garden establishment, our findings suggest that fungus-farming termite hosts are equipped with a near-complete set of gut microbiome functions at the earliest stages of colony life. This inherited, incipient bacterial microbiome likely contributes to the high extent of functional specificity and coevolution observed between termite hosts, gut microbiomes, and the fungal cultivar.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11302087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Link between bacterial communities and contrasted loads in ectoparasitic monogeneans from the external mucus of two wild sparid species (Teleostei).","authors":"Judith Revault, Yves Desdevises, Élodie Magnanou","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00329-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00329-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While teleost fishes represent two thirds of marine vertebrates, the role of their external microbiota in relationship with their environment remains poorly studied, especially in wild populations. Hence, the interaction of their microbiota with ectoparasites is largely unknown. Microbiota can act as a protective barrier against pathogens, and/or be involved in host recognition by parasites. Thus, host-parasite associations should now be considered as a tripartite interplay where the microbiota shapes the host phenotype and its relation to parasites. Monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) are direct life cycle ectoparasites commonly found on teleost skin and gills. The role of bacterial communities within skin and gill mucus which either pre-exist monogeneans infestation or follow it remain unclear. This is investigated in this study using the association between Sparidae (Teleostei) and their specific monogenean ectoparasites of the Lamellodiscus genus. We are exploring specificity mechanisms through the characterization of the external mucus microbiota of two wild sparid species using 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing. We investigated how these bacterial communities are related to constrated Lamellodiscus monogeneans parasitic load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed that the increase in Lamellodiscus load is linked to an increase in bacterial diversity in the skin mucus of D. annularis specimens. The date of capture of D. annularis individuals appears to influence the Lamellodiscus load. Correlations between the abundance of bacterial taxa and Lamellodiscus load were found in gill mucus of both species. Abundance of Flavobacteriaceae family was strongly correlated with the Lamellodiscus load in gill mucus of both species, as well as the potentially pathogenic bacterial genus Tenacibaculum in D. annularis gill mucus. Negative correlations were observed between Lamellodiscus load and the abundance in Vibrionaceae in gill mucus of D. annularis, and the abundance in Fusobacteria in gill mucus of P. acarne specimens, suggesting potential applications of these bacteria in mitigating parasitic infections in fish.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the dynamic nature of fish microbiota, in particular in relation with monogeneans infestations in two wild sparid species. More generally, this study emphasizes the links between hosts, bacterial communities and parasites, spanning from the dynamics of co-infection to the potential protective role of the host's microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11290237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rodents consuming the same toxic diet harbor a unique functional core microbiome.","authors":"Tess E Stapleton, LeAnn M Lindsey, Hari Sundar, M Denise Dearing","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00330-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00330-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut microbiota are intrinsic to an herbivorous lifestyle, but very little is known about how plant secondary compounds (PSCs), which are often toxic, influence these symbiotic partners. Here we interrogated the possibility of unique functional core microbiomes in populations of two species of woodrat (Neotoma lepida and bryanti) that have independently converged to feed on the same toxic diet (creosote bush; Larrea tridentata) and compared them to populations that do not feed on creosote bush. Leveraging this natural experiment, we collected samples across a large geographic region in the U.S. desert southwest from 20 populations (~ 150 individuals) with differential ingestion of creosote bush and analyzed three gut regions (foregut, cecum, hindgut) using16S sequencing and shotgun metagenomics. In each gut region sampled, we found a distinctive set of microbes in individuals feeding on creosote bush that were more abundant than other ASVs, enriched in creosote feeding woodrats, and occurred more frequently than would be predicted by chance. Creosote core members were from microbial families e.g., Eggerthellaceae, known to metabolize plant secondary compounds and three of the identified core KEGG orthologs (4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase, benzoyl-CoA reductase subunit B, and 2-pyrone-4, 6-dicarboxylate lactonase) coded for enzymes that play important roles in metabolism of plant secondary compounds. The results support the hypothesis that the ingestion of creosote bush sculpts the microbiome across all major gut regions to select for functional characteristics associated with the degradation of the PSCs in this unique diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11289948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of hatching system and body weight on the growth performance, caecal short-chain fatty acids, and microbiota composition and functionality in broilers.","authors":"Muhammad Zeeshan Akram, Ester Arévalo Sureda, Luke Comer, Matthias Corion, Nadia Everaert","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00331-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00331-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variations in body weight (BW) remain a significant challenge within broiler flocks, despite uniform management practices. Chicken growth traits are influenced by gut microbiota, which are in turn shaped by early-life events like different hatching environments and timing of first feeding. Chicks hatched in hatcheries (HH) experience prolonged feed deprivation, which could adversely impact early microbiota colonization. Conversely, hatching on-farm (HOF) allows early feeding, potentially fostering a more favorable gut environment for beneficial microbial establishment. This study investigates whether BW differences among broilers are linked to the disparities in gut microbiota characteristics and whether hatching systems (HS) impact the initial microbial colonization of broilers differing in BW, which in turn affects their growth patterns. Male Ross-308 chicks, either hatched in a hatchery or on-farm, were categorized into low (LBW) and high (HBW) BW groups on day 7, making a two-factorial design (HS × BW). Production parameters were recorded periodically. On days 7, 14, and 38, cecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) and microbiota composition and function (using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and PICRUSt2) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HOF chicks had higher day 1 BW, but HH chicks caught up within first week, with no further HS-related performance differences. The HBW chicks remained heavier attributed to higher feed intake rather than improved feed efficiency. HBW group had higher acetate concentration on day 14, while LBW group exhibited higher isocaproate on day 7 and isobutyrate on days 14 and 38. Microbiota analyses revealed diversity and composition were primarily influenced by BW than by HS, with HS having minimal impact on BW-related microbiota. The HBW group on various growth stages was enriched in VFA-producing bacteria like unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes and Faecalibacterium, while the LBW group had higher abundances of Lactobacillus, Akkermansia and Escherichia-Shigella. HBW microbiota presented higher predicted functional potential compared to the LBW group, with early colonizers exhibiting greater metabolic activity than late colonizers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite differences in hatching conditions, the effects of HS on broiler performance were transient, and barely impacting BW-related microbiota. BW variations among broilers are likely linked to differences in feed intake, VFA profiles, and distinct microbiota compositions and functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroprotective and microbiome-modulating effects of ubiquinol in rats with radiation-induced enteropathy.","authors":"Walaa A Eraqi, Walaa A El-Sabbagh, Ramy K Aziz, Mostafa S Elshahed, Noha H Youssef, Nora M Elkenawy","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00320-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00320-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation enteritis is a frequently encountered issue for patients receiving radiotherapy and has a significant impact on cancer patients' quality of life. The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in intestinal function, yet the impact of irradiation on gut microorganisms is not fully understood. This study explores the gastroprotective effect and gut microbiome-modulating potential of ubiquinol (Ubq), the reduced form of the powerful antioxidant CoQ-10. For this purpose, male albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, IRR (acute 7 Gy γ-radiation), Ubq_Post (Ubq for 7 days post-irradiation), and Ubq_Pre/Post (Ubq for 7 days pre and 7 days post-irradiation). The fecal microbiomes of all groups were profiled by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing followed by bioinformatics and statistical analysis. Histopathological examination of intestinal tissue indicated severe damage in the irradiated group, which was mitigated by ubiquinol with enhanced regeneration, goblet cells, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase expression. Compared to the irradiated group, the Ubq-treated groups had a significant recovery of intestinal interleukin-1β, caspase-3, nitric oxide metabolites, and thio-barbituric reactive substances to near-healthy levels. Ubq_Pre/Post group displayed elevated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ) level, suggesting heightened benefits. Serum insulin reduction in irradiated rats improved post-Ubq treatment, with a possible anti-inflammatory effect on the pancreatic tissue. Fecal microbiota profiling revealed a dysbiosis state with a reduction of bacterial diversity post-irradiation, which was re-modulated in the Ubq treated groups to profiles that are indistinguishable from the control group. These findings underscore Ubq's gastroprotective effects against radiation-induced enteritis and its potential in restoring the gut microbiota's diversity and balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary zinc on the gut microbiome and resistome of the gestating cow and neonatal calf.","authors":"Mary Jane Drake, Scott G Daniel, Linda D Baker, Nagaraju Indugu, Kyle Bittinger, Charlene Dickens, Joseph P Zackular, Dipti Pitta, Laurel E Redding","doi":"10.1186/s42523-024-00326-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42523-024-00326-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zinc is an essential trace element required in the diet of all species. While the effects of zinc have been studied in growing calves, little is known about the effect of zinc on the microbiota of the gestating cow or her neonatal calf. Understanding factors that shape the gut health of neonatal animals and evaluating the effect of dietary supplements in adult gestating animals is important in promoting animal health and informing feeding practices. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of dietary zinc on the microbiota and resistome of the gestating cow and calf. Gestating cows received standard (40 ppm) or high (205 ppm) dietary zinc levels from dry off to calving. Fecal samples were collected from cows upon enrollment and at calving and from neonatal calves. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing and a subset also underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The effect of zinc supplementation on the diversity and composition of the cow and calf microbiome and resistome was assessed. Alpha and beta diversity and composition of the microbiota were significantly altered over time but not by treatment in the cows, with alpha diversity decreasing and 14 genera found at significantly higher relative abundances at calving compared to enrollment. Levels of 27 antimicrobial resistance genes significantly increased over time. Only a small number of taxa were differentially expressed at calving in treatment and control groups, including Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Turicibacter, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. No effect of the dam's treatment group was observed on the diversity or composition of the neonatal calf microbiota. The calf resistome, which was relatively rich and diverse compared to the cow, was also unaffected by the dam's treatment group. The impact of high levels of dietary zinc thus appeared to be minimal, with no observed changes in alpha or beta diversity, and few changes in the relative abundance of a small number of taxa and antimicrobial resistance genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72201,"journal":{"name":"Animal microbiome","volume":"6 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}