{"title":"Evaluation of pseudo-3D perception and the effect of blur in real flat floating images","authors":"Hiroto Akazawa,Hiroto Nishimura,Kotomi Nakanishi,Prasenjit Paul,Ying-Pin Tsai,Yuki Ishihara,Takeshi Watanabe,Haruki Mizushina,Kenji Yamamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01092-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-026-01092-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ReviewPub Date : 2026-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s10043-026-01081-3
Wenjiao Zai,Kunling Li,Lisha Yan,Yuming Dai
{"title":"Performance evaluation of the semi-curricular learning edge-guided dehazing network on three benchmarks for image dehazing","authors":"Wenjiao Zai,Kunling Li,Lisha Yan,Yuming Dai","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01081-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-026-01081-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148933177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ReviewPub Date : 2026-09-02DOI: 10.1007/s10043-026-01085-z
Weizhao Gu, Binbin Yu, Xu Chen, Min Gu, Jing Wen
{"title":"Petabit-era optical data storage and beyond: from storage capacity to intelligent functionality","authors":"Weizhao Gu, Binbin Yu, Xu Chen, Min Gu, Jing Wen","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01085-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01085-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence and cloud computing is driving data storage demands into the petabit regime and beyond. With exceptional archival longevity, low energy consumption, and inherent stability, optical data storage has emerged as a pivotal solution for sustainable large-scale data preservation. This review first surveys the main technological routes for capacity scaling in optical data storage, including three-dimensional recording, holographic storage, multi-dimensional multiplexing, and super-resolution techniques, as well as petabit-scale three-dimensional nanophotonic optical storage using AIE-doped photoresist. It then discusses the progress in optical computing and neuromorphic photonics, and explores their potential future integration with optical storage to enable intelligent optical signal processing. The future development of optical storage in the post-petabit era may evolve from passive archives to intelligent processing platforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"653 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometrical interpretation of phase-locked VCSEL arrays based on multi-path phase alignment","authors":"Tatsushi Hamaguchi, Haisong Jiang, Miki Isoda, Yuji Furushima, Ko Kawano, Masaru Kuramoto, Kiichi Hamamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01084-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01084-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An equally spaced and phase-locked VCSEL mode array has been reported in long-cavity VCSEL with an oblong aperture, where the cavity length exceeds about 20 μm and the lateral width is several tens of micrometers. In this paper, we analyze the internal optical behavior of this structure. Instead of deriving the beam profile from eigenmode calculations of the whole cavity, we examine whether the local optical behavior around each dot can satisfy periodic consistency across the array. Multiple phase-aligned optical paths are identified that are consistent with the reported dot array, suggesting a geometrical framework that may be useful for analyzing and designing larger phase-locked VCSEL arrays.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"676 - 685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ReviewPub Date : 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s10043-026-01086-y
Zhixuan Cheng, Ibuki Abe, Koichi Iiyama
{"title":"Long-term temperature monitoring by multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor system combined with incoherent FMCW optical ranging system","authors":"Zhixuan Cheng, Ibuki Abe, Koichi Iiyama","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01086-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01086-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present a long-term multiplexed temperature monitoring system based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and the distance division multiplexing technique realized by the incoherent frequency-modulated continuous wave (I-FMCW) optical ranging system. In the I-FMCW optical ranging system, a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is used as the optical intensity modulator. No bias point control is required for an SOA, unlike a LiNbO<sub>3</sub> optical intensity modulator, and therefore, unmanned and automated temperature measurements using nine FBGs are successfully realized over a period of two weeks. The measurement range is over 700 m. The temperature estimated from the Bragg wavelength shift of FBGs is the same as that measured by thermocouples. The results show the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed system for the long-range, unmanned, and automated structural health monitoring of large-scale and huge-scale structures such as dams, bridges, highways, and buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"667 - 675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01086-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ReviewPub Date : 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s10043-026-01080-4
Omar A. Ibrahim, Mustafa Mohamed Ali, Hind I. Murad, Raied K. Jamal
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of a blue electroluminescent device based on a PVK/graphene Np/Alq3 multilayer structure","authors":"Omar A. Ibrahim, Mustafa Mohamed Ali, Hind I. Murad, Raied K. Jamal","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01080-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01080-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the fabrication and characterization of an organic electroluminescent device utilizing a multilayer structure comprising poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum (Alq3), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), and graphene nanoparticles (GNs). Multilayer thin films were deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates using the spin-coating technique, which facilitated phase separation, resulting in the final device configuration: ITO/PEDOT: PSS/PVK: GNs/Alq3/Al. The optical properties of the active materials were characterized through absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The GNs exhibited an optical bandgap of approximately 2.3 eV, with absorption and emission spectra revealing the presence of deep sublevels and surface states. The electrical characteristics of the hybrid device were evaluated by analyzing current-voltage (I-V) measurements, which demonstrated distinct transport regimes: a linear ohmic region at low voltages, an exponential trap-filled limited region, and a power-law dependence at higher voltages. Electroluminescence (EL) spectra were recorded at forward bias voltages of 10, 15, and 20 V at room temperature, showing a broad emission spanning from 350 to 700 nm. The emission color was analyzed using the CIE 1931 color space, with correlated color temperature (CCT) values calculated for different operating voltages. The observed optical and electrical behavior is attributed to radiative transitions involving deep sublevels (σ–σ, π–π, and n–π*) and surface states within the energy bandgap of the GNs. The results demonstrate the potential of integrating graphene nanoparticles into organic multilayer structures for achieving broad-spectrum electroluminescence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"615 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical ReviewPub Date : 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s10043-026-01068-0
Daiki Shingu, Koki Oishi, Wataru Watanabe
{"title":"Effect of spatial speckle mixing on data poisoning vulnerability in deep-learning-based scattering imaging","authors":"Daiki Shingu, Koki Oishi, Wataru Watanabe","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01068-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01068-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep-learning-based imaging through scattering media has attracted considerable attention as a method for reconstructing objects from complex speckle patterns. However, the vulnerability of such systems to training-stage data poisoning attacks has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we examine how the optical configuration affects poisoning vulnerability in deep-learning-based scattering imaging. Two representative optical configurations, a conventional imaging configuration and a lensless configuration, were compared experimentally. Trigger patterns were embedded in a subset of the training images and paired with attacker-defined target images to induce backdoor behavior. The results showed that the imaging configuration was vulnerable to poisoning attacks, whereas the lensless configuration exhibited substantially lower attack success rates under the same experimental conditions. This difference is likely related to the spatial distribution of speckle information. In the imaging configuration, trigger-related features remained relatively localized, making them easier for the neural network to associate with incorrect reconstructions. In contrast, in the lensless configuration, object and trigger information were more broadly mixed over the sensor plane, which made trigger learning more difficult. These results show that the spatial distribution of optical information affects poisoning vulnerability in scattering imaging systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"565 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01068-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VAC-reduced naked-eye stereoscopic display with directional backlight and layered display","authors":"Ryotaro Umemoto, Kengo Fujii, Tomohiro Yendo, Masahiro Iwahashi","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01077-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01077-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We propose a naked-eye binocular stereoscopic display that simultaneously provides binocular parallax and multiple focal planes. By combining a layered transmissive display with a directional backlight, the proposed system enables glasses-free three-dimensional presentation while mitigating the vergence–accommodation conflict inherent in conventional binocular stereoscopic displays. Binocular disparity is presented by forming discrete viewing zones using a directional backlight, while multiple focal planes are generated by stacking display layers along the depth direction. In addition, we introduce a directional backlight based on a retroreflective configuration together with a return-path-only modulation scheme using vertical-alignment liquid-crystal panels. This approach enables spatially selective light delivery to the intended viewpoints and suppresses unintended double modulation caused by the retroreflective light path, thereby helping to preserve image quality in a layered display configuration. A prototype system was constructed to validate the proposed concept. Experimental observations confirmed that correct left- and right-eye images are observed at the intended viewpoints and that images are selectively formed at focal planes corresponding to the physical depths of the display layers. These results demonstrate the feasibility of a multiplane naked-eye binocular stereoscopic display based on the proposed architecture. The practical limitations of the system, including viewing area, field of view, optical efficiency, and the number of display layers, are discussed, indicating that a moderate number of focal planes provides a reasonable balance between visual comfort and system complexity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 4","pages":"591 - 601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01077-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148728782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}