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Challenges in the Diagnosis of Myoepithelial-Rich Salivary Gland Neoplasms 肌上皮丰富的唾液腺肿瘤诊断的挑战
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000472
P. Jafari, Kathleen Higgins, N. Cipriani
{"title":"Challenges in the Diagnosis of Myoepithelial-Rich Salivary Gland Neoplasms","authors":"P. Jafari, Kathleen Higgins, N. Cipriani","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000472","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Salivary gland neoplasms are both rare and strikingly heterogeneous in their morphology, a combination that may result in vexingly broad differential diagnoses. This is particularly true of myoepithelial-rich tumors, as neoplastic myoepithelial cells can assume a multiplicity of phenotypes, and associated epithelial cells may be present to varying degrees. An accurate diagnosis requires a thorough familiarity with characteristic morphology and conversance with appropriate ancillary studies. Here, we review 4 myoepithelial-rich tumors (myoepithelioma, myoepithelial carcinoma, myoepithelial-rich pleomorphic adenoma, and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma), comparing and contrasting their characteristic morphology, immunohistochemical profiles, and cytogenetic/molecular features, with an emphasis on accurate and efficient narrowing of the differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89938147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myxofibrosarcoma-Like Pleomorphic Liposarcoma 黏液纤维肉瘤样多形性脂肪肉瘤
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000423
D. Hariri, A. Benyounes, Derik L Davis, M. Mulligan, V. Ng, M. Kallen
{"title":"Myxofibrosarcoma-Like Pleomorphic Liposarcoma","authors":"D. Hariri, A. Benyounes, Derik L Davis, M. Mulligan, V. Ng, M. Kallen","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000423","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pleomorphic liposarcoma is the least common subtype of liposarcoma, accounting for less than 5% of cases, but is important to distinguish from other liposarcoma subtypes due to a significantly worse prognosis closer to that of a high-grade sarcoma. A substantial proportion of cases demonstrate histologic features overlapping with myxofibrosarcoma, except for the presence of diagnostic pleomorphic lipoblasts. These lipoblasts are essential to the diagnosis of pleomorphic liposarcoma, in contrast to the other subtypes of liposarcoma, but can be highly focal/variable in extent, mandating extensive gross sampling and thorough histologic examination and representing a pitfall in diagnosis particularly in small biopsies. Awareness of the less common histologic patterns of this uncommon entity will hopefully facilitate correct diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82081792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chondromyxoid Fibroma of the Temporal Bone: Case Report and Literature Review 颞骨软骨粘液样纤维瘤:病例报告及文献复习
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000421
A. Grover, R. Mannem, Bryan C. Hunt, Reena Singh
{"title":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma of the Temporal Bone: Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"A. Grover, R. Mannem, Bryan C. Hunt, Reena Singh","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000421","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare, benign, cartilaginous bone tumor that commonly affects the metaphysis of the lower-extremity long bones in young adults. Involvement of the craniofacial bones, especially the temporal bone, is exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 64-year-old man who presented with a left ear mass, but on subsequent imaging was found to have a more extensive mass centered in the temporal bone. Initial biopsy raised the concern for a low-grade chondrosarcoma. However, following surgical resection, a diagnosis of CMF was rendered. The clinical findings, radiographic features, histology, and differential diagnoses are discussed.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81830524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multipolar Neuropathology: Survival Strategies for Professional Loneliness 多极神经病理学:职业孤独的生存策略
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000437
Hope T Richard
{"title":"Multipolar Neuropathology: Survival Strategies for Professional Loneliness","authors":"Hope T Richard","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000437","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The field of neuropathology has a rich history with strong ties to the clinical fields of neurosurgery and neurology. Until the mid-20th century, neuropathology was an apprenticeship in these fields after which it became a subspecialty within the field of pathology. Neuropathology remains a small subspecialty, encompassing only 2% of the actively practicing pathologists in the United States, which lends to the professional loneliness that may occur with neuropathologists. This review offers a guide that covers the most important aspects of a neuropathology practice, including the use of telepathology in a neuropathology practice, the most important aspects of intraoperative evaluation of surgical neuropathology specimens, fellowship training, and the role of neuropathologists in forensic pathology.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83247583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Four Lessons in Transcranial Lesions 经颅病变的四个教训
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000439
N. Johnson, Hope T Richard
{"title":"Four Lessons in Transcranial Lesions","authors":"N. Johnson, Hope T Richard","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000439","url":null,"abstract":"Background Lesions involving the skull are rare and often discovered incidentally by imaging studies. Skull lesions are most commonly benign but may also be malignant. Typically, lesions of the skull are evaluated by computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging features can also suggest whether an identified lesion is benign or malignant. Definitive diagnosis of transcranial lesions ultimately requires biopsy and surgical resection. Cases Atypical meningioma: A 57-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and arthritis presented with a left frontal scalp mass. Imaging revealed a large left frontal transcranial heterogeneous mass with intracranial and extracranial extension. Malignant ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: A 26-year-old woman with history of hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and sciatica presented with a left parietal scalp mass. Imaging demonstrated a large left homogenous parietal transcranial mass with intracranial and extracranial extension. Breast carcinoma metastasis: A 64-year-old woman with history of ER/PR/Her2-neu–negative, high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma status post mastectomy, lymph node dissection, and chemotherapy with early termination due to adverse effects presented with a left parietal scalp mass. Imaging demonstrated a large left parietal transcranial mass. Glioblastoma: A 52-year-old man with a history of glioblastoma status post resection x2, chemoradiation, and craniectomy, who was found to have a second recurrence. Imaging demonstrated tumor surrounding the resection cavity in the left parietal/temporal region with extension through the craniotomy defect into the scalp soft tissue.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86674174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cytohistologic Features of Salivary Gland Lymphomas. 唾液腺淋巴瘤的细胞组织学特征。
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.1097/pcr.0000000000000404
Daniel Lubin, Oscar Lin
{"title":"Cytohistologic Features of Salivary Gland Lymphomas.","authors":"Daniel Lubin, Oscar Lin","doi":"10.1097/pcr.0000000000000404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pcr.0000000000000404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8130632/pdf/nihms-1616954.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39004927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Morphologic Spectrum of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Case Reports and Literature Review 阉割耐药前列腺癌的形态学谱系：病例报告和文献综述
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000384
A. Burke, T. Legesse, A. Paulk
{"title":"The Morphologic Spectrum of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Case Reports and Literature Review","authors":"A. Burke, T. Legesse, A. Paulk","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000384","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Conventional acinar prostatic carcinomas are dependent on the androgen receptor (AR) to proliferate. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for prostate cancers that have metastasized and is also being administered as first-line therapy with or without radiation therapy for intermediate- or high-risk disease. Cancers that recur after initially responding to ADT, or castration-resistant prostatic carcinomas (CRPCs), have a poor prognosis and are more likely to show divergent differentiation than de novo carcinomas. This review will present four cases of CRPC to highlight the morphologic spectrum, discuss effects of ADT on prostatic tumors, and discuss neuroendocrine prostatic tumors.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90503717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prostatic Malakoplakia: Case Report and Review of the Literature 前列腺斑疹:病例报告及文献复习
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000377
Dong Chen, Q. Zou, C. Dehner, D. Cao
{"title":"Prostatic Malakoplakia: Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Dong Chen, Q. Zou, C. Dehner, D. Cao","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000377","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 69-year-old Asian man with a history of overactive bladder presented with postvoid dribbling and urinary incontinence in the past three years. He had cervical spinal stenosis surgery one month ago and two episodes of urinary tract infections with multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli species in urine culture in the last three months. Digital rectal examination revealed a 1-cm hard nontender nodule within the right side of his prostate, concerning for possible prostatic malignancy. Ultrasound study identified a hypoechoic area in the right lateral prostate. Serum prostate-specific antigen level was 2.03 ng/mL (reference range, ≤5.40 ng/mL). Biopsies of the prostate showed only focal chronic inflammation in the left lobe, but there were collections of abundant histiocytes with associated plasma cells and lymphocytes, as well as fibrosis in 5 of 7 cores in the right lobe. Within the histiocytic infiltrate, abundant Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, both intracytoplasmic and extracellular, were identified and confirmed with periodic–acid Schiff and von Kossa stains. The morphologic features and histochemical stains support the diagnosis of malakoplakia. So far, 68 cases of prostatic malakoplakia including ours have been reported (mean age, 63.5 years). Most patients presented with urinary tract symptoms and positive urine culture for E. coli. Eight patients also had associated prostatic adenocarcinoma. Serum prostate-specific antigen may be significantly elevated in patients with prostatic malakoplakia without associated adenocarcinoma. Prostatic malakoplakia can clinically and radiographically mimic prostatic adenocarcinoma. Pathologically malakoplakia should be distinguished from granulomatous prostatitis and other benign and malignant prostatic diseases.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hormone -Refractory Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report 激素难治性前列腺腺癌模拟基底细胞癌1例报告
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000368
Justin E. Caron, S. Hart, K. Chamie, Huihui Ye
{"title":"Hormone -Refractory Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report","authors":"Justin E. Caron, S. Hart, K. Chamie, Huihui Ye","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000368","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prostate cancer is an androgen-driven malignancy. Patients with late-stage prostate cancer often receive androgen-deprivation therapy to suppress the disease progression. Under the selection pressure, some prostate cancers transform to androgen-independent cancers. Treatment-induced small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is one of the examples. In the last decade, patients with disseminated prostate cancer frequently received second-generation androgen-deprivation agents, such as abiraterone, enzalutamide, and apalutamide. Those more potent drugs have led to an emergence of a novel type of androgen-independent carcinoma named “double-negative” prostate cancer, which is immunohistochemically negative for both neuroendocrine markers and androgen targets. In this report, we present a typical case of “double-negative” end-stage prostate cancer that morphologically resembled basal cell carcinoma of prostate, basaloid large nest type.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76309097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mixed Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Conventional Acinar Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: A Case Report 前列腺混合小细胞神经内分泌癌与传统腺泡腺癌1例报告
AJSP: reviews & reports Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0000000000000382
Fernanda Cordeiro-Rudnisky, Yubo Wu, Yue Sun
{"title":"Mixed Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Conventional Acinar Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: A Case Report","authors":"Fernanda Cordeiro-Rudnisky, Yubo Wu, Yue Sun","doi":"10.1097/PCR.0000000000000382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PCR.0000000000000382","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prostate cancer with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation can be classified into six categories: conventional adenocarcinoma with NE differentiation, adenocarcinoma with Paneth cell–like NE differentiation, carcinoid tumor, small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and mixed NE carcinoma-acinar adenocarcinoma. Mixed NE carcinoma-acinar carcinoma is a biphasic carcinoma characterized by the presence of NE (small or large cell) carcinoma and conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. In rare cases, these two components overlap without discrete classic small cell carcinoma or a usual prostate adenocarcinoma component, making it particularly difficult to determine whether these overlapping cases should be diagnosed as small cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma with a high Gleason score. Here, we present the case of a 74-year-old man who was diagnosed with mixed small cell NE carcinoma and conventional acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate.","PeriodicalId":72144,"journal":{"name":"AJSP: reviews & reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90247487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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