Aging and health research最新文献

{"title":"Social infrastructure and health among mid-life and older adults in rural America: An environmental scan of existing data","authors":"Danielle Rhubart ,&nbsp;Megan Henly ,&nbsp;M. Aaron Guest ,&nbsp;Carrie Henning-Smith ,&nbsp;Mary Anne Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growing evidence shows a relationship between social infrastructure (SI) – the physical places where people gather outside of home and work – and health. However, existing data sources for rigorously investigating this relationship are limited, especially for rural areas. Therefore, we conducted an environmental scan of existing data for furthering research on this topic, with a focus on the rural United States (U.S.). A total of 10 datasets met inclusion criteria. Key information was collated from websites and reviewed by data administrators. We summarize key features of these datasets, including available measures of geography/rurality, SI availability and utilization, and physical, mental and social health. We describe analytic strengths and weaknesses of the available data, which is essential for researchers to be able to assess their data options. While the scan focuses on U.S.-based data, the key points will be applicable more broadly, including a need for more data on availability and use of social infrastructure combined with geographic indicators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 2","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032124000076/pdfft?md5=d6610dbdec9816ff5e6edaa88bfd62d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032124000076-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140180484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-decade changes in dementia mortality in a Chinese community","authors":"Ding Ding ,&nbsp;Wanqing Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenxu Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Luo ,&nbsp;Qianhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhen Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evidence for the time trend of mortality with dementia from low- and middle-income countries is scarce.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the secular trend of dementia mortality in a Chinese community over 2 decades.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Shanghai Epidemiological Survey of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (SESD) and the Shanghai Aging Study (SAS) are community-based studies established in the same resident district in 1987 and 2010. We examined changes in 5-year mortality of dementia (i.e. Alzheimer's disease [AD], vascular dementia [VD], and all dementia) by analyzing survival data of participants aged≥65 years from the prospective stages of SESD (1987–1992) and SAS (2010–2015). Mortality rate (MR), case fatality rate (CFR), and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) in SAS were adjusted by the sex, age, and education-structured population data in SESD.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The adjusted 5-year MRs of AD (0.76% vs. 2.24 %; OR, 95 %CI 0.34, 0.20–0.57), VD (0.37% vs. 1.16 %; OR 0.33,0.16–0.68), and all dementia (1.23% vs. 3.74 %; OR 0.32, 0.22–0.48) in SAS were lower than that in SESD. The same trend of the 5-year CFRs was also observed in AD (23.3% vs. 62.2 %; OR 0.19, 0.10–0.35), VD (48.7% vs. 77.4 %; OR 0.29, 0.10–0.90), and all dementia (61.0% vs. 70.6 %; OR 0.21, 0.12–0.35). The 2-year SMR in individuals with VD increased significantly (3.18 vs<em>.</em> 15.31), but the 5-year SMR increased gently (3.81 vs<em>.</em> 5.32) during the 2 decades.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We observed a decreasing trend of dementia mortality, and VD still induced a higher threat to life loss over 20 years in this older Chinese population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032124000039/pdfft?md5=288ae82fd1d7d584d602b46528cf6d70&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032124000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal subfields volume changes and its correlation with memory functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Sadhana Singh,&nbsp;Palash Kumar Malo,&nbsp;Albert Stezin,&nbsp;Abhishek L. Menesgere,&nbsp;Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study examined hippocampal subfields volumes in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as potential non-invasive predictive neuroimaging markers of cognitive decline.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>T1-weighted images and Addenbrooke's cognitive examination III (ACE-III) data were obtained from 36 healthy controls and 27 MCI patients. The hippocampal subfields volumes were extracted using Freesurfer software, and group differences and correlation were assessed using general linear model (GLM) with age, sex, and total intracranial volume (TIV) as covariates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>MCI participants exhibited significant decrease in memory scores and notable volumetric changes in hippocampal subfields, including the bilateral hippocampal tail, subiculum, CA1, CA3, molecular layer, as well as the left presubiculum, parasubiculum, CA4, GC-ML-DG, and HATA. Moreover, the left presubiculum, left parasubiculum, and left GC-ML-DG showed significant positive correlations with ACE memory scores in MCI patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The alterations in hippocampal subfields in MCI patients may indicate underlying neurodegenerative processes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032124000040/pdfft?md5=3d62cc7a662b2b08b8bc46704871ed34&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032124000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140062408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of adherence to a falls prevention exercise intervention in Singapore: A mixed methods study","authors":"June May-Ling Lee ,&nbsp;Pildoo Sung ,&nbsp;Kok Yang Tan ,&nbsp;Pamela Duncan ,&nbsp;Rita Sim ,&nbsp;Karen Koh ,&nbsp;Angelique Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The success of falls prevention exercise intervention is dependent on adherence. This study investigated the trajectories of adherence to an instructor-led, face-to-face, community group-based falls-prevention exercise intervention, baseline factors associated with these trajectories, and the impact of these adherence trajectories on post-intervention physical functioning. Qualitative interviews were also examined to gather insights into participants’ profiles.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Attendance data from 144 older adults who participated in a 12-week falls prevention exercise intervention were used to assess adherence. Physical functioning was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using Short Physical Performance Battery. We used Latent Class Growth Modelling to identify the types of adherence trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were used to examine antecedents and consequences associated with the adherence trajectories. Content and cross-tabulation analysis were conducted on 30 semi-structured qualitative interviews.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified four types of adherence trajectories: high adherence, moderate adherence, low adherence, and non-adherence. Non-adherent participants were younger than those with a high adherence trajectory. Those with low adherence trajectory were younger, more likely to be an ethnic minority, and had lower exercise self-efficacy. Older adults with low or non-adherence trajectories had lower post-intervention physical functioning than those with high adherence trajectory. Qualitative analysis indicated that participants with low adherence trajectory had prioritized exercise lower than other life commitments and had frequent hospitalizations and multiple medical appointments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Non and low adherence trajectories attenuate the impact of falls prevention exercise intervention. Findings from this study can be used to develop strategies to improve adherence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032124000027/pdfft?md5=5ebe2ec05acb82d253b24716e25435e1&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032124000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139827617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of Adherence to a Falls Prevention Exercise Intervention in Singapore: A Mixed Methods Study","authors":"J. M. Lee, Pildoo Sung, Kok Yang Tan, Pamela Duncan, Rita Sim, Karen Koh, Angelique Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139887398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real world outcomes, healthcare utilisation and costs of Alzheimer's disease in England","authors":"Sophie Edwards ,&nbsp;Dominic Trepel ,&nbsp;Craig Ritchie ,&nbsp;Julie Hviid Hahn-Pedersen ,&nbsp;Danielle E Robinson ,&nbsp;Mei Sum Chan ,&nbsp;Benjamin D Bray ,&nbsp;Alice Clark ,&nbsp;Milana Ivkovic ,&nbsp;Wojciech Michalak ,&nbsp;Christian Ahmad Wichmann ,&nbsp;Marc Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evidence on health and social care resource utilisation and associated costs, and how this varies across people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is limited.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective cohort, using the Discover dataset, which includes linked health and social care records for approximately 2.5 million people in North-West London. Individuals were followed up from the latter of 2010 or from diagnosis of AD dementia (index) up to 2019. Outcomes were overall survival, care home admission, health and social care utilisation and associated costs, and cardiovascular outcomes. Variation was explored in subpopulations and by stratifying by cost quintile. Generalised linear modelling was used to estimate the association between clinical and demographic characteristics and healthcare costs.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cohort included 18,116 people diagnosed with AD dementia whose mean age at index was 81 years, 62 % were female and 65 % were of white ethnicity. Median survival from index was 4.9 years (95 %CI: 4.8–5.0). Mean healthcare costs were £4,548(£4,491–£4,604) per person year(ppy). Healthcare costs for the 48 % who used social care were £5,433ppy(£5,353–£5,514) and social care costs were £24,374ppy(£24,372–£24,376). In the overall cohort costs in the highest cost quintile were £13,665ppy(£13,420–£13,911), of which 70 % was from inpatient hospitalisation. Subpopulations admitted to care home (£7,535 £7,362–£7,709), with cardiovascular disease (£6,106;£5,990–£6,222) and with type 2 diabetes (£6,049;£5,901–£6,198) accrued the highest healthcare costs. Factors most strongly associated with cost were dying during follow up (+£2,224;£2,010–£2,493), being frail (+£1,246;£1,051–£1,440) and prior stroke (+£1,207;£908–£1,507).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Characteristics of individuals with high healthcare costs include requirement for social care and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Identifying individuals early in their disease course may improve health outcomes and reduce the cost of AD dementia in later life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032124000015/pdfft?md5=275512798c53d5577ce7f5e70a834464&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032124000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ageing in a smart city poses concerns on sustainability from a model perspective","authors":"Stanley Chi-on Shiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ageing is not formally in the core pillars of Smart City framework under the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations. Its undermined significance is usually detected under some of these pillars connected with each other. Somehow not many measurements on ageing to positively or negatively influence smart city development are well-defined or in some sense provide solid insights to policy makers. This article tries to guide readers where ageing considerations should be recommended on any stages of smart city development and how research studies should look for or measure these performances and interconnections with no overlooking on ageing aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266703212300063X/pdfft?md5=3533d92db69fb7f4f24a0a3b08a750ac&pid=1-s2.0-S266703212300063X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lingering Effects of COVID-19 Stressors on Mental Health and Alcohol Use in Middle Aged to Older Adults","authors":"Tracy W. Lin ,&nbsp;Judith A. Richman ,&nbsp;Timothy P. Johnson ,&nbsp;Kathleen M. Rospenda","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Older adults have faced not only health threats but grave mental health challenges since the emergence of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Using factor analysis, this study is the first to identify the underlying dimensions of COVID-19-related stressors, then examine the relationship between these factors and mental health and alcohol use/misuse longitudinally in a middle aged to older adult sample in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>As part of a long-term follow-up study, 921 survey participants completed measures of COVID-related stressors, psychological distress, and alcohol use/misuse in a 2020 survey. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the dimensionality of COVID-related stress. Regression models were utilized to examine relationships between the extracted factors and depression, anxiety, and alcohol-related outcomes measured approximately one year later, in 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four dimensions of COVID-19 stressors were extracted, including 1) jobs, finances and loss of routine; 2) practical difficulties; 3) social worries and challenges; and 4) supply shortages. Practical difficulties were associated with higher depression at follow-up, while jobs, finances and loss of routine were associated with past 12 month frequency of intoxication at follow-up. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Challenges from the pandemic may have longer-term implications for mental health in older adults past the acute phase of the pandemic. It is important to allocate sufficient attention and resources to the prevention of late life depression and mental health as policymakers and health professionals continue to deal with the pandemic and future variants of the virus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032123000628/pdfft?md5=b12b2e0f63fcc7209f146ad4b41d4cc0&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032123000628-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview about neurological diseases in India – A theranostics approach","authors":"Balachandar Vellingiri","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the current global population expansion and increasing life expectancy, more people are living in their later years, when neurological issues are most common. Both environmental and geographical factors contribute to the incidence of various neurological diseases (NDs) in India. These diseases involve the gradual or complete loss of structure and function of neurons, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), epilepsy, stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The exact cause of these illnesses is still unknown in medicine. Still, it may be linked to protein deterioration, oxidative stress, inflammation, environmental factors, mitochondrial deficiencies, familial history, and abnormal protein build-up. In this review, we have discussed briefly the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases from Indian studies as well as possible diagnostic markers, drugs used, traditional Indian medicinal plants, and alternative therapeutic approaches for detecting and treating these NDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032123000616/pdfft?md5=3bdab0f4cc8ca8b36946d091feb70e13&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032123000616-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138992594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to vaccination among older adults: Demographic variation and links to vaccine acceptance","authors":"Heather R. Fuller ,&nbsp;Andrea Huseth-Zosel ,&nbsp;Bryce Van Vleet ,&nbsp;Paul J. Carson","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite risks of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases, many older adults are under vaccinated. The present study investigates possible barriers to acceptance of vaccines recommended for older adults and considers demographic variation and links to acceptance for distinct vaccines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A mailed survey was conducted with 901 older adults (aged 65+) across the state of North Dakota, oversampling for rural regions. The survey addressed demographic characteristics, barriers to vaccination (including needle phobia, cost, lacking doctor recommendation, transportation, and scheduling uncertainty), and vaccine acceptance (including provider guidance acceptance and uptake for influenza, shingles, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cost (27.2 %) and needle phobia (24.1 %) were the most prevalent barriers. Rural, lower educated, non-white, and living alone older adults experienced increased risks of barriers such as cost, lacking a doctor recommendation, transportation, and uncertainty how to schedule. Cost was associated with shingles vaccine uptake, whereas lacking doctor recommendation was associated with uptake for all vaccines except shingles. Needle phobia was associated with uptake of all vaccines except COVID-19. Transportation barrier was only associated with pneumococcal vaccine uptake.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings highlight relatively low prevalence of barriers, yet variability by older adults’ demographic characteristics. Further, the influence of barriers on acceptance varied by vaccine type. By better understanding the nuanced role of barriers to older adults’ vaccination, strategies to increase vaccination rates can be developed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667032123000604/pdfft?md5=59b0575f51a0acb88edde5b56089d64c&pid=1-s2.0-S2667032123000604-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}