Adversity and resilience science最新文献

{"title":"The Interplay of Attachment Styles, Resilience, and Perceived Social Support on Mental Health Outcomes among Lebanese People","authors":"Maria Sawaya,&nbsp;Dayana Brome,&nbsp;Rita Merhej","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00193-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00193-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression and anxiety constitute a growing concern in Lebanon due to ongoing socio-economic and political crises. This paper examines the predictive role of attachment styles (secure, dismissive, preoccupied, and fearful) on mental health outcomes in Lebanese adults while investigating the moderating effects of resilience and perceived social support. 249 Lebanese adults completed the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Statistical analysis indicated that dismissive attachment was unexpectedly associated with better mental health outcomes, contrasting typical Western findings. Resilience was found to buffer the negative impact of fearful attachment on mental health outcomes, but no significant moderating effects of social support were identified across attachment styles. Findings suggest cultural nuances in attachment and resilience dynamics and emphasize the importance of considering contextual factors when examining mental health predictors. Implications for clinical interventions and culturally sensitive therapeutic practices are discussed, highlighting the need for tailored approaches in the Lebanese context.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147342376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Cumulative Risk: Gender-Specific Latent Class Patterns of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Systemic Inequities in Black Americans","authors":"Natasha K. Oyedele,&nbsp;Renee M. Johnson,&nbsp;Rashelle J. Musci,&nbsp;Lorraine T. Dean,&nbsp;Leslie B. Adams","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00192-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00192-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are recognized as a key determinant of lifelong health and are often operationalized as a cumulative risk. Representing ACEs by the number of adversities reported limits our capability to detect patterns of ACE severity and co-occurrence. We explored patterns of ACEs among women and men using latent variable modeling. Twenty-one states included an optional ACE module in the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, a national cross-sectional, random digit dial telephone survey of adults. Data were from 14,685 Black adults on nine ACEs topics, including physical, emotional and sexual abuse, household alcohol use, drug use, mental illness, incarceration, divorce and partner violence. The weighting and analysis were conducted in March 2023. The nine survey questions were dichotomized to indicate exposure and two unwanted touching sexual abuse indicators were combined to form 10 ACE indicators. Latent class analysis was used to identify underlying patterns of ACEs. Different patterns of ACE exposure were linked to race and gender societal experiences for women and men. ACEs clustered into three classes for women and four classes for men. Women were classified as having high adversity with two classes distinguished by the endorsement of sexual abuse (13% and 17%). Men were classified as having above average probabilities of emotional and physical abuse (21%) and high adversity without sexual abuse (9%) and with sexual abuse (4%). We found distinct heterogeneous latent class patterns of childhood adversity among Black adults. The identification of gender-stratified ACE clusters provides empirical support to move beyond cumulative ACE scoring; quantifying ACEs in clusters is a better way to address the gendered societal norms, and cultural contexts shaping adversity exposure and resilience.</p><p>Understanding adverse childhood experiences clusters and how they differ among Black women and men can inform targeted support and interventions to improve their lifelong health outcomes.</p><p>This study identified distinct patterns of childhood adversity among Black adults, with Black women typically experiencing higher levels of sexual abuse, whereas Black men showed higher probabilities of emotional and physical abuse. The research revealed that ACEs tend to cluster differently based on gender, reflecting unique societal and familial experiences. These insights highlight the need for gender-specific approaches to prevent and address childhood adversities and their long-term health impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147341916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Responses to Social Rejection in Rural Communities: a Cross-Sectional EEG Study of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Protective Factors","authors":"Brenna Arledge,&nbsp;Sarah Beth Bell,&nbsp;Constance Chapple,&nbsp;Erin Maher,&nbsp;Jordan E. Norris,&nbsp;Emma Auger,&nbsp;Lauren E. Ethridge","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00200-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00200-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rural communities often struggle due to a lack of funding, resources, and support, which can put residents at risk for adverse experiences from childhood to adulthood. Merely living within a rural area is considered an influential contributing risk factor for experiencing social isolation and loneliness. Experiences of social isolation and loneliness can have damaging effects on mental and physical health. However, little is known about neural responses to social isolation seen in rural residents. Thus, this study aimed to examine how these communities respond to experiences of social rejection and how different experiences and behavioral traits contribute to this response. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to assess differences in neural activity in response to rejection; while undergoing EEG, healthy adults (<i>n</i> = 42) across rural Oklahoma participated in a social exclusion simulation called Cyberball, designed to elicit acute feelings of social rejection. EEG outcomes were derived from band-limited power (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) in the frontal, temporal, and posterior regions and frontal alpha asymmetry from the rest periods following Cyberball (<i>n</i> = 24). A detailed survey was distributed that encompasses many facets of social experience within a rural community that may influence their response to social isolation. Childhood trauma was associated with stronger self-reported exclusion and altered post-task EEG power. Social support may contribute to an individual’s resilience against the effects of trauma by allowing participants to effectively evaluate and adapt to difficult experiences. Social support, resilience, and childhood trauma significantly impact rural residents in their response to difficult situations. Hypothesized ACE-related modulation of FAA and increase of theta power were not supported, however exploratory evidence implicated relationships between social support and response to rejection, and ACE-related gamma-band differences Previous literature examining the dynamics of rural communities is extremely sparse and this present study, utilizing multiple modalities, provides a comprehensive and novel perspective on their experiences.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147341473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for Angels: The Impact of Parents’ Positive and Traumatic Childhood Experiences on the Parent-Child Relationship","authors":"Artemisia Valeri,&nbsp;Nicholas Papouchis,&nbsp;Lindsay Farmer,&nbsp;Sara Haden","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00198-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00198-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study assessed potential risk and protective factors that influence the parent-child relationship, inspired by the “angels in the nursery” theory of intergenerational maltreatment prevention and treatment (Lieberman, Padrón, et al., 2005). In a sample of 195 mothers and fathers of toddler-aged children, parents completed a series of self-report measures, were randomly selected to write a brief essay regarding either a positive childhood memory or a control prompt, and then were asked to share how they would respond to scenarios where their child is showing distress. Results indicated parents’ experiences of childhood maltreatment were positively related to parent-child conflict and negatively related to parent-child closeness with their own child. Parents’ positive childhood experiences did not significantly relate to parent-child closeness as hypothesized. The model that best fit the data did not include proposed mediating variables of parent trauma symptoms and parental self-efficacy to explain the parent-child relationship. Participants’ responses to children’s distress did not significantly differ by essay condition in the overall sample. However, participants with significant trauma symptoms utilized significantly more emotion-focused parenting strategies when exposed to the positive childhood memory essay condition as compared to the control group. Participants whose essay responses included traumatic childhood experiences utilized significantly more supportive parenting strategies as compared to participants who did not. Findings support the impact of parents’ early traumatic experiences on their relationship with their own child.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147341109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Resilience Following a Potentially Traumatic Event in Psychological Research: A Delphi Study","authors":"Rian Delaney,&nbsp;Martin Robinson,&nbsp;Donncha Hanna,&nbsp;Cherie Armour","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00195-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00195-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concept of psychological resilience following a potentially traumatic event remains a contested construct, which is limited by the absence of a clear and widely accepted definition. Indeed, debates and contradictions within the psychological resilience literature threaten the utility of the term. A total of 22 experts from academia, healthcare, and charitable organisations representing 11 unique countries consented to join this study. All included experts had published within the field of resilience research. This e-Delphi aimed to reach a consensus on items that could help define resilience in adults following a potentially traumatic event. The items were generated for this Delphi study in two ways; firstly, from existing definitions in the literature (<i>n</i> = 84) and secondly, suggested by participants in the study (<i>n</i> = 8). In total, 92 items were rated based on their essentiality to defining resilience with 13 reaching the pre-set requirements. Of these 13 items, 4 were deemed essential to defining resilience and 9 were deemed non-essential. Referring to resilience as a trait was largely rejected. The consensus view was that resilience is a dynamic and multifactorial concept. The definition synthesised during this study was as follows: “Resilience is a dynamic process that enables adaptation to adversity through a complex interplay of multiple internal and external factors. These risk and protective elements aid in the ability of an individual to “bounce back” following a potentially traumatic event.” This study provides a discussion of these items in relation to the wider literature and potential direction for future research and debates on this topic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42844-026-00195-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Through Recovery: Mothers’ Perspectives on Breastfeeding while Navigating Opioid Use Disorder and Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome","authors":"Lela Rankin,&nbsp;Megan Corr,&nbsp;Lisa Grisham","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00190-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00190-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breastfeeding supports positive maternal and infant outcomes, yet mothers who have opioid use disorder (OUD) experience unique challenges that affect breastfeeding decisions. We assessed breastfeeding intentions and experiences of mothers with OUD (<i>N</i> = 50) via in-depth interviews (within one-week of birth through 18 months postpartum). Most mothers had prenatal intentions to breastfeed (82.0%), which was associated with breastfeeding initiation (76.0%), and less strained relationships with their biological mother and less fear during pregnancy. The birth experience impacted mothers’ execution of their intentions to initiate breastfeeding, including the circumstances of labor and delivery, treatment by staff, and involvement with child protective services. Interpersonal relationships, stigma, and self-efficacy were related to breastfeeding continuation (<i>M length =</i> 2.28 months, <i>SD</i> = 1.8). Breastfeeding experiences were largely impacted by experiences during pregnancy and birth, offering two critical windows for intervention through destigmatizing OUD in health care settings, strengthening self-efficacy, and enhancing social support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Childhood Experiences and a Dimensional Approach To Childhood Adversity: Associations with Adult Loneliness","authors":"George Van Doorn,&nbsp;Evita March,&nbsp;Robert Teese,&nbsp;Rachel Grieve,&nbsp;Jacob Dye","doi":"10.1007/s42844-026-00199-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-026-00199-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been associated with higher levels of adult loneliness. Less is known about the relationship between Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) and adult loneliness, and the potential for PCEs to buffer the negative effects of ACEs. We assessed whether PCEs explained additional variance in adult men’s and women’s loneliness after controlling for ACEs, and whether PCEs moderated the association between ACEs and loneliness. A sample of 872 participants (70.4% women, 29.6% men) was recruited and, after providing informed consent, completed online versions of the Childhood Experiences Scale-17, the Benevolent Childhood Experiences Scale, and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. We tested a model examining whether loneliness was associated with maltreatment, threat, and deprivation (ACEs), PCEs, gender, and interactions between these variables. Although ACEs were initially, and positively, correlated with loneliness in both men and women, this association became non-significant when PCEs and other variables were added to the model. PCEs were significantly, and negatively, associated with adult loneliness. Further, none of the interactions achieved statistical significance. Our findings suggest that PCEs are strongly, and negatively, associated with adult loneliness scores – even more so than ACEs. Thus, researchers may benefit from placing greater emphasis on how early experiences of benevolence help protect against loneliness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42844-026-00199-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological, Educational, and Environmental Self-Reported Influence of Ethnic Conflict-Induced Violence on School-Aged Children in Northern Ghana","authors":"Peter Jabal,&nbsp;James Fox","doi":"10.1007/s42844-025-00187-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-025-00187-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study critically examines how conflict-induced violence affects school-aged children and their psychological coping mechanisms in three conflict-prone districts in the northern part of Ghana: Bawku Municipality, Chereponi District, and Saboba District. Among the targeted sample of 212 primary and junior high school students who were randomly selected from 12 schools, 51 participants voluntarily participated in the administered survey questionnaires. Both fixed-response and one open-ended question were utilized in the study. Findings revealed that children exposed to explosive violence experienced severe psychological distress, including trauma from the loss of loved ones, disrupted schooling, and limited access to coping resources. The researchers recommend that further research should be conducted on how to develop and evaluate intervention programs that are tailored to support children exposed to violence that can mitigate the adverse effects on mental health and educational outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"6 4","pages":"661 - 672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Links between Adversities and Emerging Adult Adjustment Outcomes among College Women: An Investigation of Peer Relationships and Characteristics as Protective Factors","authors":"Michael M. Criss,&nbsp;Erin E. Wood,&nbsp;Krystal Duarte,&nbsp;Ray Garza,&nbsp;Jennifer Byrd-Craven","doi":"10.1007/s42844-025-00189-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-025-00189-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this investigation was to examine links between family trauma and daily stress and mental and physical health among emerging adults (EA), and whether these links were moderated by friend-EA relationship quality and best friend risky behavior. The sample consisted of 1,163 college women who completed online anonymous surveys. Findings indicated that high levels of family trauma and daily stress were significantly related to high levels of EA physical health problems, risky behavior, and internalizing symptoms. Results also indicated that the link between family trauma and risky behavior was attenuated under low levels of best friend risky behavior. The moderation analyses also demonstrated that the links between adversity and EA health problems, risky behavior, and internalizing symptoms were positive, significant, and magnified under <i>high</i> levels best friend-EA relationship quality among youth reporting <i>high</i> levels of best friend risky behavior. The role of friends in fostering resilience among at-risk college women and how this may vary by characteristics of the friends and friendships were discussed.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"6 4","pages":"683 - 699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Parenting Program on Parenting Outcomes in Mothers with Adverse Childhood Experiences","authors":"Camila Regina Lotto,&nbsp;Elisa Rachel Pisani Altafim,&nbsp;Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares","doi":"10.1007/s42844-025-00185-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42844-025-00185-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a risk factor for negative parenting and children’s behavior problems. The present study examined the effects of the ACT-Raising Safe Kids Program on mothers’ parental practices and sense of competence, as well as children’s behaviors, comparing mothers with and without ACEs at different levels. The sample comprised 88 mothers with their 1–6-year-old children, divided into 3 groups: mothers with 4 or more ACEs (ACE^≥4 Group, <i>n</i> = 31), mothers with fewer than four ACEs (ACE^&lt;4 Group, <i>n</i> = 37), and mothers without ACEs (No-ACE Group, <i>n</i> = 20). The mothers participated in the intervention, which utilized the ACT Program (delivered in either in-person or online versions). Mothers completed the ACT, Parenting and Family Adjustment Scale, Parental Sense of Competence, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at both the pre- and post-intervention stages. The three-way ANOVA for repeated measures was performed, controlled by socioeconomic status and maternal current depression symptoms. Regardless of the ACEs, the ACT Program showed positive effects on improving emotional and behavioral regulation, parent–child relationships, and parental sense of competence, as well as reducing coercive practices, in the post-intervention period compared to the pre-intervention period. Also, all mothers reported a reduction in children’s behavior problems, and, exclusively, mothers with ACEs mentioned an increase in prosocial behavior. Then, there were positive effects of the ACT Program on positive parenting and preventing violence against children, even among mothers with ACEs. The practical implication of the findings for prevention strategies is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72113,"journal":{"name":"Adversity and resilience science","volume":"6 4","pages":"625 - 642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}