Advances in geriatric medicine and research最新文献_第5页

Obesity, Vascular Disease and Frailty in Aging Women with HIV. 肥胖，血管疾病和衰弱的老年妇女艾滋病毒。

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20210014

Deborah R Gustafson, Samy I McFarlane

{"title":"Obesity, Vascular Disease and Frailty in Aging Women with HIV.","authors":"Deborah R Gustafson, Samy I McFarlane","doi":"10.20900/agmr20210014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/agmr20210014","url":null,"abstract":"Women with chronic HIV infection (WWH) living in the United States, experience a disproportionately high rate of obesity compared to uninfected populations. Both overweight and obesity, particularly central obesity, are major contributors to insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia-the major components of metabolic syndromes, including type 2 diabetes, and leading to increased cardiovascular risk, including coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular diseases. Notably, declining physical performance and frailty co-occur with vascular morbidities as well as changes in bone. These factors tend to exacerbate each other and accelerate the aging trajectory, leading to poorer quality of life, cognitive impairments, dementia, and eventually, death. In WWH, persistent HIV infection, sustained treatment for HIV infection, and concomitant obesity, may accelerate aging-related morbidities and poorer aging outcomes. Furthermore, health disparities factors common among some WWH, are independently associated with obesity and higher vascular risk. The purpose of this review is to describe the constellation of obesity, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, bone health and frailty among aging WWH, a 21st century emergence.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8345026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39292076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Hospitalized Older Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection Refractory to Conventional Antibiotic Therapy Benefit from Fecal Microbiota Transplant. 难辨梭状芽胞杆菌感染的住院老年患者对常规抗生素治疗难辨梭状芽胞杆菌感染获益于粪便菌群移植。

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20210012

Jae Hyun Shin, Rachel Ann Hays, Cirle Alcantara Warren

{"title":"Hospitalized Older Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection Refractory to Conventional Antibiotic Therapy Benefit from Fecal Microbiota Transplant.","authors":"Jae Hyun Shin, Rachel Ann Hays, Cirle Alcantara Warren","doi":"10.20900/agmr20210012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/agmr20210012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Options for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) refractory to conventional therapy are limited. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is considered safe and effective treatment for recurrent CDI and could be a treatment option for refractory CDI. We investigated the efficacy and safety of FMT in hospitalized patients who were not responding to standard treatments for CDI.Methods: Electronic medical records of patients who received FMT inpatient for refractory CDI were reviewed as part of quality improvement efforts to evaluate safety and efficacy of FMT in inpatient setting.Results: Between July 2014 and December 2019, 9 patients (age 60-96) received FMT for CDI as inpatient for refractory or fulminant CDI. Most (7 of 9) of these patients had pseudomembranous colitis and underwent multiple FMTs (mean 2.15, range 1 to 3). Five patients had complete resolution and one patient had diarrhea that was C. difficile-negative. There was one recurrent CDI and two deaths, one of which may have been related to FMT or CDI. Compared to recurrent CDI at diagnosis, patients with refractory CDI had higher WBC and neutrophil counts, which decreased after FMT. The overall cure rate of FMT in refractory cases was 66.7%.Conclusions: This study shows moderate efficacy of FMT for treatment of refractory CDI although multiple FMT treatment may need to be administered in the presence of pseudomembranous colitis. Inpatient FMT may be an alternative strategy for managing refractory CDI in this population of patients who may not have any effective medical treatment available.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8277114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39185140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19: An Unrecognized Crisis in Our Elderly? COVID-19的神经系统表现:老年人未被认识的危机?

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20210013

Karl Krupp, Purnima Madhivanan, William D Scott Killgore, John M Ruiz, Scott Carvajal, Bruce M Coull, Michael A Grandner

{"title":"Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19: An Unrecognized Crisis in Our Elderly?","authors":"Karl Krupp, Purnima Madhivanan, William D Scott Killgore, John M Ruiz, Scott Carvajal, Bruce M Coull, Michael A Grandner","doi":"10.20900/agmr20210013","DOIUrl":"10.20900/agmr20210013","url":null,"abstract":"As of December 2020, there were more than 900,000 COVID-19 hospitalizations in the US with about 414,000 among individuals aged 65 years and older. Recent evidence suggests a growing number of older patients continue to suffer serious neurological comorbidities including polyneuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, central nervous system infection, cognitive deficits, and fatigue following discharge. Studies suggest that complaints manifest late in disease and persist beyond resolution of acute COVID-19 symptoms. Recent research reports that neurocognitive symptoms are correlated with severe disease, older age, male gender, and comorbidities including hypertension, renal failure, and neoplastic disease. The underlying causes are unclear, but current hypotheses include hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, immunopathological mechanisms, and neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is a pressing need for more research into the underlying mechanisms of post-COVID-19 neurological sequela, particularly in the elderly, a population already burdened with neurocognitive disorders.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8279204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39190327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Delirium due to Anticholinergic Drug Burden in Older Persons 老年人抗胆碱能药物负担所致谵妄

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20210004

A. Soldati, M. Cesari

引用次数: 0

The Paradox of Precision Medicine 精准医疗的悖论

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200026

L. Mosconi, Carole J. Lee, G. Vradenburg, R. Brinton

引用次数: 0

Research Survey Series Shows Effects of COVID-19 Shutdowns on Alzheimer’s Community, with Especially High Stress on Caregivers 研究调查系列显示COVID-19关闭对阿尔茨海默病社区的影响，对护理人员的压力尤其大

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200020

T. Frangiosa, V. Biggar, M. Comer, Amber Roniger

引用次数: 8

Eliminating Health Disparities Is Essential to Achieving Racial Justice—Alzheimer’s Disease, COVID-19, and Related Comorbidities Disproportionately Impact Minority Communities in the Fight for Health Equity 消除健康差距对实现种族公正至关重要——阿尔茨海默病、COVID-19和相关合并症对少数民族社区争取卫生公平的影响不成比例

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200019

Stephanie Monroe, D. Satcher

引用次数: 0

Derivation of a Frailty Index from the interRAI-HC to Assess Frailty among Older Adults Receiving Home Care and Assistance (the “fraXity” Study) 由interRAI-HC衍生出虚弱指数以评估接受家居照顾及协助的长者的虚弱程度(“虚弱”研究)

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-04-16 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200013

C. Ludwig, C. Busnel

{"title":"Derivation of a Frailty Index from the interRAI-HC to Assess Frailty among Older Adults Receiving Home Care and Assistance (the “fraXity” Study)","authors":"C. Ludwig, C. Busnel","doi":"10.20900/agmr20200013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20900/agmr20200013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, the value of screening for frailty among older adults is undisputed; to this endeavor, care at-home professionals are the “frailty whistleblowers” of choice. Yet, they need quick at-hand tools for routine use. To this aim, this study proposes a frailty index (FI) directly derived from the interRAI-HC MDS. The FI is used to assess frailty in a panel of home service recipients to document the rate of frailty among types of users. \u0000Methods: “fraXity” relies on a case-control design comparing community dwelling older adults receiving home care or assistance to peers who do not receive formal home services. The participants (N = 231) received the interRAI-HC at home from trained nurses. MDS data were used to derive a FI by following published guidelines. Regression modeling was used to assess group differences in the outcomes of interest. \u0000Results: The FI was normally distributed, with a mean of 0.19 (SD 0.10), and a value of 0.46 at the 99th percentile. The effect of age was significant (B = 0.003, 95% CI = (0.001–0.005)). As compared to the control group (FI = 0.14 ± 0.07, m ± SD), the FI was higher among individuals who received assistance (B = 0.04, 95% CI = (0.02–0.07)) and care (B = 0.11, 95% CI = (0.08–0.14)). These differences were adjusted for age. \u0000Conclusions: The results replicate demonstrations of MDS-based FI derivations and support the usefulness of a FI to distinguish different types of home service recipients. The study is a proof of concept supporting the need of a comprehensive assessment of health needs for all individuals who apply for homes services, including those admitted only for assistance. Further work is needed to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio of implementing the proposed methodology in homecare practice. \u0000Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03883425, registered on March 20, 2019.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":"27 supp1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89851277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Situated Precision Healthcare in the Smart Medical Home: Bringing NASA's Research Strategy down to Earth. 智能医疗家庭中的精准医疗：将NASA的研究战略付诸实践。

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200017

Gary Riccio, Rhoda Au, Richard van Emmerik, Mohammed Eslami

{"title":"Situated Precision Healthcare in the Smart Medical Home: Bringing NASA's Research Strategy down to Earth.","authors":"Gary Riccio, Rhoda Au, Richard van Emmerik, Mohammed Eslami","doi":"10.20900/agmr20200017","DOIUrl":"10.20900/agmr20200017","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue is ambitious in that it calls for strategic transformation in research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and related dementias, including innovation in both research design and value delivery, through lifestyle interventions that implicitly relate to a much broader range of comorbidities and diseases of aging. One response to this challenge is to venture beyond the boundaries of research that supports the healthcare industry. Toward this end, we introduce opportunities for research translation and knowledge transfer from NASA to the healthcare industry. Our intent is to show how NASA's approach to research can guide innovation for a smart medical home, most notably for AD and other diseases of aging. The article is organized in four major sections: (a) aggregating fragmented research communities; (b) lifestyle interventions in the medical home; (c) multiscale computational modeling and analysis; and (d) lifespan approach to precision brain health. We provide novel motivations and transformative paths to a diversity of specific lines of research, across communities, that would be difficult to discover in common methods of networking within research communities and even through sophisticated bibliographic methods. We thus reveal how knowledge transfer between the public and private sector can stimulate development of broader scientific communities and achieve a more coherent strategic approach to integration and development of a diversity of capabilities including but not limited to technology.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9387332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40417047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absolute and Body Mass Index Normalized Handgrip Strength Percentiles by Gender, Ethnicity, and Hand Dominance in Americans. 美国人按性别、种族和手优势划分的绝对握力百分位数和体重指数标准化。

Advances in geriatric medicine and research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20200005

Ryan McGrath, Kyle J Hackney, Nicholas A Ratamess, Brenda M Vincent, Brian C Clark, William J Kraemer

{"title":"Absolute and Body Mass Index Normalized Handgrip Strength Percentiles by Gender, Ethnicity, and Hand Dominance in Americans.","authors":"Ryan McGrath, Kyle J Hackney, Nicholas A Ratamess, Brenda M Vincent, Brian C Clark, William J Kraemer","doi":"10.20900/agmr20200005","DOIUrl":"10.20900/agmr20200005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gender and ethnicity are factors which influence strength, and hand dominance could be a critical component of handgrip strength (HGS) testing. Providing such HGS percentiles across the lifespan may help to identify weakness-related health concerns. We sought to generate growth charts and curves for HGS by gender and ethnicity in a nationally-representative sample of Americans aged 6-80 years.Methods: Data from 13,617 participants in the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. HGS was measured with a handgrip dynamometer. Age, gender, ethnicity, and hand dominance were self-reported. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from height and body mass. Measures of absolute HGS and HGS normalized to BMI were separately included in parametric quantile regression analyses for determining the 10th-90th percentiles across ages by gender and ethnicity. Similar models were also conducted by hand dominance.Results: Differences in absolute HGS and HGS normalized to BMI quantiles across ages existed for each ethnicity regardless of gender. In men, absolute HGS generally increased until about 25 years of age, began to decline around age 30 years, and regressed into older adulthood. In women, absolute HGS appeared to rise starting at age 6 years, peaked between 20 and 30 years of age, but was maintained into mid-life before declining in older adulthood. Similar results were found for HGS normalized to BMI.Conclusions: Our findings provide percentile charts for HGS capacity that could be utilized for comparing individual measures of HGS to those from a United States population-representative sample.","PeriodicalId":72094,"journal":{"name":"Advances in geriatric medicine and research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6954001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37536081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26