Advances in biomarker sciences and technology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular biomarkers and nano-immunopharmacology in inflammatory carcinoma: Bridging mechanisms and therapeutic translation","authors":"Kamlesh Sahu,&nbsp;Trilochan Satapathy,&nbsp;Poonam Sahu,&nbsp;Om Chandrakar","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This section delineates the mechanistic framework linking chronic inflammation to carcinogenesis and critically explains how molecular biomarkers can be rationally exploited through nano-immunopharmacological strategies to enable precision therapy in inflammation-driven cancers. Chronic inflammation serves as a central driver of carcinogenesis, orchestrating tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and therapy resistance through highly intricate molecular networks. Inflammatory carcinomas such as inflammatory breast carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma exhibit distinct gender- and region-specific prevalence, highlighting the dynamic interplay between host biology and tumor-promoting inflammatory micro-environments. At the molecular level, persistent pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling, notably IL-6 and TNF-α, in conjunction with activation of transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3, induces genomic instability, epigenetic reprogramming and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, collectively driving malignant transformation and aggressive phenotypes. The tumor micro-environment, enriched with immune subsets including tumor-associated macrophages, neutrophils and regulatory T cells, potentiates oncogenic signaling and fosters immune evasion. Emerging molecular biomarkers spanning cytokine signatures, immune checkpoints (PD-L1, CTLA-4) and epigenetic indicators offer critical prognostic value and therapeutic guidance. Cutting-edge nano-immunopharmacology enables precise modulation of these inflammatory axes by employing nanocarriers for cytokine inhibitors, immune modulators, RNA therapeutics and CRISPR-based interventions while minimizing systemic toxicity. By integrating mechanistic insights with translational strategies, receptor-guided nano-therapeutics emerge as a transformative approach to precision oncology, promising to redefine treatment paradigms, enhance therapeutic efficacy and overcome resistance in cancers fueled by chronic inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 151-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioscreening and phytochemical profiling of Phyllanthus niruri endophytic fungi with potential Anti-HCV applications","authors":"Kalyanasundaram Parvatham,&nbsp;Joysingh V. Kishonika Sri,&nbsp;Rajendiran Dharanika,&nbsp;Alagarsamy Atsaya,&nbsp;Velu Rajesh Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel strategy for antiviral drug discovery by exploring endophytic fungi associated with <em>Phyllanthus niruri</em>, a medicinal plant traditionally recognized for its therapeutic value in liver disorders and viral infections. The research underscores the critical demand for cost-effective therapies for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), particularly in low source settings which represents a major global health challenge with severe consequences like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The research focuses on identifying bioactive fungal metabolites with antiviral potential. Endophytic fungi were isolated from different tissues of <em>P. niruri,</em> followed by solvent extraction of the obtained isolates. Comprehensive phytochemical analysis was carried out to det_ect antiviral compounds such as lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, coumarins, and saponins and the antioxidant property was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays demonstrated strong free-radical scavenging activity, supporting the therapeutic relevance of the extracts. The cytotoxicity assessment of the most promising fungal extract on HepG2 liver cell lines exhibited moderate effects at elevated concentrations, indicating a potential safety margin at lower doses for therapeutic applications. This investigation emphasizes the promise of endophytic fungi from <em>Phyllanthus niruri</em> as a significant source of natural antiviral agents, facilitating the pursuit of alternative treatments for HCV, offering a valuable lead toward the development of cost-effective therapeutic candidates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 172-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanol extract of Smritisagara Rasa attenuates neurobehavior, neurochemical and stress indicators in rotenone-induced Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease","authors":"Gopinath G ,&nbsp;Ramesha Hanumanthappa ,&nbsp;Raifa Abdul Aziz ,&nbsp;P.C. Kiran ,&nbsp;Hemalatha Nanjaiah ,&nbsp;Iranna B. Kotturshetty ,&nbsp;Shamprasad Varija Raghu ,&nbsp;Manjunath Ajanal ,&nbsp;Devaraju Kuramkote Shivanna","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smritisagara Rasa (SSR), a traditional Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation, has long been prescribed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) since ancient times. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies remain unclear due to a lack of adequate experimental data. This study focused on formulating SSR and extracting its components using different solvent systems, including water and methanol. SSR, along with its water extract (SSR-WEX) and methanol extract (SSR-MEX), was tested for efficacy in mitigating PD phenotypes using a Rotenone (ROT)-induced <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> PD model. SSR was prepared according to the Ayurvedic Formulary of India and subsequently characterized, followed by solvent extraction and phytoconstituent profiling. Different concentrations of SSR, SSR-WEX, and SSR-MEX were administered to control flies to evaluate their potential toxicity. Flies were then co-exposed to 500 μM ROT and 75 mg/kg diet of SSR, SSR-WEX, and SSR-MEX for seven days. Behavioral, neurochemical, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed, with pramipexole (PPX) used as a positive control. ROT exposure markedly impaired climbing ability, reduced dopamine and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and elevated oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl content (PCC), hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide. Co-treatment with SSR and its extracts significantly restored locomotor function, dopamine, and AChE levels, while enhancing antioxidant enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase and catalase) and reducing oxidative damage indices. Among the formulations, SSR-MEX demonstrated superior neuroprotective and antioxidative efficacy, comparable to the standard drug pramipexole. This effect is likely due to its enriched profile of flavonoids, coumarins, and phenolic acids. These findings substantiate traditional claims regarding SSR's role in mitigating neurodegenerative symptoms and highlight SSR-MEX as a promising phytopharmaceutical candidate for managing PD-like pathologies through attenuation of oxidative stress and restoration of dopaminergic and cholinergic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicenter evaluation of M2BPGi as a biomarker for liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B and C patients in Malaysia","authors":"Huan Keat Chan ,&nbsp;Ibtisam Ismail ,&nbsp;Faizah Ahmad ,&nbsp;Siti Maisarah Md Ali ,&nbsp;Norizati Razali ,&nbsp;Nurul Husna Qaiyimah Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) cause major global morbidity, especially in settings with limited diagnostic access. Liver biopsy is not routinely used for fibrosis assessment because of its invasive nature, whereas elastography, a reliable non-invasive alternative, is often limited by high cost. In this context, Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) has emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker for liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but data from Southeast Asia remain limited. This study assessed its diagnostic accuracy among chronic HBV and HCV patients in Malaysia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 154 participants from seven Malaysian public hospitals: 62 HCV patients, 52 HBV patients, and 40 healthy controls. Liver stiffness was measured using transient elastography, and serum biomarkers (M2BPGi, AFP, FIB-4, GPR) were analyzed. Diagnostic performance for fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC was evaluated using ROC curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>M2BPGi levels, expressed as cutoff index (COI), rose with increasing disease severity, with median values of 0.4 COI (controls), 0.8 COI (non-cirrhotic), 4.9 COI (cirrhotic), and 3.9 COI (HCC) (p &lt; 0.001). For cirrhosis detection, M2BPGi showed excellent accuracy (AUC 0.989; 92% sensitivity; 100% specificity). For HCC screening, it achieved an AUC of 0.962 (85.3% sensitivity; 97.5% specificity). However, it performed poorly in differentiating cirrhosis from HCC (AUC 0.594, p = 0.220).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>M2BPGi demonstrates strong diagnostic accuracy for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic HBV and HCV patients, supporting its use as a non-invasive screening tool. Its limited ability to distinguish HCC from cirrhosis highlights the need for multimodal biomarker strategies and further evaluation in Malaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 305-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic and metabolomic alterations in response to systemic stress in vivo","authors":"Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Zeinab Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Adel B. Elmoselhi ,&nbsp;Rizwan Qaisar ,&nbsp;Naveed Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, this study investigated the proteomic and metabolomic alterations associated with systemic stress <em>in vivo</em>. C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: control group and mice under stress, followed by proteomics and metabolomics analysis using sera samples. The results revealed changes in both protein and metabolite profiles. Key proteins such as phospholipid transfer protein, complement C1s, carbonic anhydrase 3, thrombospondin-1, plasma protease C1 inhibitor, and haptoglobin were decreased in mice under systemic stress. Metabolites such as inosine, hypoxanthine, acetoin, and glutathione were decreased in mice under stress, while L-valine, glutamic acid, and maltitol levels were increased under systemic stress. These findings highlight the disruption of energy metabolism, oxidative stress responses, and neurochemical signaling pathways under stress. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant dysregulation in key biological processes, including oxidative stress, immune response, cellular homeostasis and inflammation. The differential expression of proteins and metabolites in this study offers novel insights into the potential biomarkers for systemic stress-associated molecular changes with an eye for the rationale development of therapeutic and/or preventative interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 379-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systems-level transcriptomic investigation unveils essential molecular networks driving temozolomide resistance in lower-grade gliomas","authors":"Arshia Azmoudeh","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-grade gliomas (LGG) constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from the supporting glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Patients typically undergo radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgical resection as part of the first-line therapy. However, the tumor cells associated with LGG often exhibit poor treatment outcomes due to frequent resistance. One of the main agents exhibiting high resistance is temozolomide. This study employs an integrated approach utilizing Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and network analysis, revealing 5 hub genes: CFAP126, TEKT1, TEKT2, C1orf194, and C9orf116, which are implicated in TMZ resistance. Survival analysis identifies three significant genes, including CFAP126, TEKT1, and TEKT2. Lower expression levels of TEKT1 and TEKT2 correlate with higher survival probabilities, while higher expression of CFAP126 is associated with improved overall survival. Enrichment analysis indicates that many of identified module genes are involved in cilia development and related processes, microtubule assembly and regulation in contributing to TMZ resistance in LGG. Although these pathways are associated, the exact mechanisms by which contributing genes cause TMZ resistance are still unclear. This study was entirely done in silico, and further laboratory investigations are warranted to validate the involvement of these genes in TMZ resistance. Nevertheless, these findings enhance our understanding of the processes leading to TMZ resistance in LGG, which may yield significant benefits for prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of multiple biomarkers, CRP, uric acid, urea, ferritin with metabolic syndrome among young adults in Bhubaneswar","authors":"Tahziba Hussain ,&nbsp;Sanjeeb Dhir ,&nbsp;Silpa Pati ,&nbsp;Mehrine Jahan ,&nbsp;Gurudutta Dash ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Pati","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>MetS is a conglomeration of several disorders namely unusual weight gain, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia that are likely to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The association of certain biomarkers namely serum CRP, uric acid, urea and ferritin levels collectively and its relationship with other components like fasting blood glucose and lipid profile among young adults and adults learning or employed in different academic organizations of Bhubaneswar were determined in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Screening for MetS was carried out as s per guidelines of the NPCDCS in India. Socio-demographic, physical and biochemical data were collected from the participants using structured questionnaires. Blood samples, 5 ml were obtained for various investigations such as blood glucose, lipid profile, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid, urea and ferritin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study, the risk factors for MetS, i.e., increased waist circumference, hypertension, physical inactivity, prolonged online activity, irregular sleep patterns, dyslipidemia (high triglycerides, low HDL) is higher in the young adults in the study. CRP, Uric acid and ferritin levels were higher in participants with Metabolic Syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Screening young adults, for body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, blood glucose levels, blood pressure and biomarkers like CRP, Urea, Uric acid and Ferritin, at regular intervals, will help in detecting the vulnerable individuals. The need for shielding and control of chronic diseases among the young adults is emphasized in view of the higher prevalence of MetS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 384-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a cardiovascular biomarker: Differential expression and in silico mutagenesis of C1q binding sites","authors":"Mayank Deep Singh,&nbsp;Kamna Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase glycoprotein implicated in cardiovascular inflammation and complement regulation. Its interaction with complement component C1q is critical for innate immune recognition, but the molecular determinants on PTX3 contributing to C1q binding remain incompletely understood. Differential gene expression analysis was performed on four independent GEO datasets (GSE20681 [N = 198], GSE66360 [N = 99], GSE98583 [N = 18], GSE141512 [N = 12]) to evaluate PTX3 expression in cardiovascular disease contexts. Structural modelling and protein-protein docking were conducted using the PTX3 octamer (PDB ID: <span><span>7ZL1</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) and C1q (PDB ID: <span><span>1PK6</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). Interfacial contacts and binding affinities were assessed using contact analysis and PRODIGY at physiological temperature (37 °C). Targeted in silico mutagenesis of PTX3 residue Arg349 was performed to examine the effects of conservative (R349K), neutral (R349A), and charge-reversal (R349E) substitutions on C1q binding. PTX3 expression was significantly upregulated in one myocardial infarction dataset (GSE66360; logFC = 2.61, adj. p = 7.9 × 10⁻⁷), while other datasets showed modest or non-significant changes, indicating context-dependent regulation. Docking analysis identified Arg349 as a key interfacial hotspot mediating PTX3-C1q interaction. Mutational analysis revealed that R349E produced the strongest predicted binding affinity, −10.9 kcal/mol, accompanied by increased intermolecular contacts, whereas R349A showed a modest affinity gain, and R349K slightly weakened binding, with comparable proportions of apolar (∼40%) and charged (∼24%) NIS residues. This integrative transcriptomic and structural study suggests PTX3 Arg349 may represent an important interaction hotspot within the PTX3-C1q interface. The findings represent in silico predictions and establish a rational framework for future experimental validation in cardiovascular inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 493-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological evaluation of Hoodia gordonii cactus against obesity on experimental animals","authors":"Pranjal Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Suryakant Verma ,&nbsp;Vishal Khandelwal ,&nbsp;Smita Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of the study was to determined antiobesity activity of Cactus, Hoodia gordonii on animals and to evaluate antihyperlipidemic property. The dried extract was supplied by Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry lab of pharmacy school, BIT, Meerut, UP. To test for phytochemical components, the extract was qualitatively evaluated. This study used 180-240 g albino wistar rats. Animals were in five groups. Each experimental group had 6 rats. Control group, disease-induced group, standard group, and two test groups (50 and 100 mg/kg dose, respectively). Cafeteria diet was given to rats for inducing obesity. Suppressing activity of appetite was performed to determine antiobesity activity of extract. Further, biochemical and histopathological analysis was performed for the extract on animals. Results showed the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, proteins, saponins, amino acids, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, quinines, phenolic compounds, fixed oil, gums and mucilage in the extract. The appetite of animals was reduced significantly for animals on diet of extract i.e. 175 g. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein were 78.1, 134.90, 14.90, and 26, respectively on day 50 after treated with plant extract. The blood glucose level was restored to 69 mg/dL after treatment with plant extract. Serum creatinine, blood urea and uric acid were also restored after treatment with plant extract. It can be concluded from the study that cactus extract reduced appetite, body weight growth and lipid profile abnormalities in obese rats. It can be used as an alternative drug in the treatment of obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 500-508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148231054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of machine learning algorithms in the identification of novel biomarkers for disorders of the immune system","authors":"Setayesh Arabshahi,&nbsp;Pershia Davoodi Karsalari,&nbsp;Hediyeh Baghsheikhi,&nbsp;Farshad Mogharrabi,&nbsp;Noosha Samieefar,&nbsp;Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abst.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying biomarkers is critical for understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of immune system disorders. Traditional biomarker discovery methods often face limitations in regard to sensitivity, scalability, and complexity. This review examines the transformative role of machine learning algorithms in addressing these challenges by uncovering novel biomarkers from high-dimensional datasets. Key approaches such as supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised learning are highlighted, emphasizing their ability to discern intricate patterns and relationships among molecular features. The studies reviewed underscore the potential of algorithms like random forest, support vector machines, and clustering techniques in biomarker discovery, offering insights into immune system regulation and personalized medicine. Despite promising advances, challenges such as algorithm validation and integration into clinical workflow remain. This review advocates for continued development and standardization to enable machine learning-driven biomarker identification to reshape diagnostics and therapeutics in immunology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72080,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biomarker sciences and technology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 509-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}