Advanced quantum technologies最新文献

{"title":"Magnetic Molecules as Building Blocks for Quantum Technologies","authors":"Eufemio Moreno-Pineda,&nbsp;Wolfgang Wernsdorfer","doi":"10.1002/qute.202300367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202300367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the initial observation of quantum effects, scientists have worked diligently to understand and harness their potential. Thanks to many pioneers, a level where quantum effects can be exploited is reached. Numerous cutting-edge technologies, such as quantum sensing and quantum computing, are proposed. A common trait in all technologies is the need to manipulate and read out their states; therefore, the quantum characteristics of the building blocks must adhere to strict guidelines. Magnetic Molecules (MMs) are promising candidates. They can be obtained indistinguishably, and the control over their structural and electronic properties, makes them appealing to act as quantum bits or “qubits”. MMs can be connected to other units while preserving their coherence properties, enabling the implementation of quantum gates. Furthermore, the low-lying energy levels can be exploited as qudits, which can exist in more than 2 states simultaneously (d &gt; 2), allowing them to hold more information efficiently. The larger electronic/nuclear space in qudits can decrease the number of physical units and enhance computational efficiency, reducing error and making them promise for complex problem-solving. In this perspective article, the physical characteristics of MMs and key achievements that position them as promising candidates for quantum technologies, are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qute.202300367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Quantum Entanglement Detection of General Two Qubits Systems Based on Modified CNN-BiLSTM Model","authors":"Qian Sun,&nbsp;Zhichuan Liao,&nbsp;Nan Jiang","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400373","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Entanglement is a key element in quantum information processing. The detection of entanglement is crucial in many long-range quantum information tasks, including secure communication and fundamental tests of quantum physics, but it is also highly resource-intensive. Even for simple 2-qubits systems, satisfactory detection is challenging. In this work, a modified entanglement detection model combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM) is proposed. It shows that the proposed model can effectively extract the deep features and correlations, enabling accurate classification of simple quantum states, even with only a few tens of training samples. When trained with a large number of highly random samples, the model exhibits outstanding fitting capability, resulting in the reliable classification of nearly all common 2-qubits systems. Furthermore, the model exhibits exceptional adaptability and significant application potential in higher-dimensional systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mem-Transistor-Based Gaussian Error–Generating Hardware for Post-Quantum Cryptography Applications","authors":"Moon-Seok Kim,&nbsp;Shania Rehman,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq Khan,&nbsp;Sungho Kim","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400394","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantum computing can potentially hack the information encrypted by traditional cryptographic systems, leading to the development of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) to counteract this threat. The key principle behind PQC is the “learning with errors” problem, where intentional errors make encrypted information unpredictable. Intentional errors refer to Gaussian distributed data. However, implementing Gaussian distributed errors is challenging owing to computational and memory overhead. Therefore, this study proposes a Gaussian error sampler that employs the intrinsic Gaussian properties of nanometer-scale semiconductor devices. The proposed Gaussian error sampler significantly reduces computational and memory overhead. This work comprehensively evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed device by conducting statistical normality tests and generating quantile–quantile plots. The optimal programming voltage is identified to be −5.25 V, and the experimental results confirmed the Gaussian distribution of error data generated by the proposed module, aligning closely with software-generated Gaussian distributions and distinct from uniform random distributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qute.202400394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sideband-Selective Single-Photon Blockade in Floquet-Modulated Jaynes–Cummings System","authors":"Shiyan Li,&nbsp;Nan Wang,&nbsp;Ai-Dong Zhu","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400374","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) scheme is proposed for generating an on-demand single-photon source with full external engineering in a Floquet-modulated Jaynes–Cummings (JC) system. The photon blockade effect can be induced across multiple Floquet sidebands, enabling the selective generation of a bright single-photon beam at a specific sideband frequency by adjusting the external driving field of the qubit, without requiring modifications to the circuit components. This is of significance for practical applications of integrated micro-nano single quantum devices within a quantum information network.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Quantum String-Matching Algorithm","authors":"Konstantinos Prousalis,&nbsp;Asimakis Kydros,&nbsp;Nikos Konofaos","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel quantum algorithm for string-matching is introduced that significantly enhances the complexity of this fundamental operation, essential in numerous computing applications. The algorithm is designed as a composite quantum denoising procedure applied to a quantum-generated dot-matrix plot, which is treated as an image. This approach effectively identifies regions of similarity between two input strings of lengths <i>N</i> and <i>M</i>. For strings of equal length, the algorithm achieves a time complexity of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>O</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <mi>l</mi>\u0000 <mi>o</mi>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <mn>6</mn>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$O( {N + log( N ) + 6{{N}^2}} )$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and a space complexity of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>O</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>l</mi>\u0000 <mi>o</mi>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$O( {log( {2N} )} )$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, demonstrating a clear advantage in quantum computational efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qute.202400250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Fast Optimization Method for Four-Intensity Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Through Machine Learning","authors":"Zhou-Kai Cao,&nbsp;Zong-Wen Yu,&nbsp;Cong Jiang,&nbsp;Xiang-Bin Wang","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400421","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The four-intensity protocol for measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) is renowned for its excellent performance and extensive experimental implementation. To enhance this protocol, a machine learning-driven rapid parameter optimization method is developed. This initial step involved a speed-up technique that quickly pinpoints the worst-case scenarios with minimal data points during the optimization phase. This is followed by a detailed scan in the key rate calculation phase, streamlining data collection to fit machine learning timelines effectively. Several machine learning models are assessed—Generalized Linear Models (GLM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), XGBoost (XGB), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)—with a focus on predictive accuracy, efficiency, and robustness. RF and MLP were particularly noteworthy for their superior accuracy and robustness, respectively. This optimized approach significantly speeds up computation, enabling complex calculations to be performed in microseconds on standard personal computers, while still achieving high key rates with limited data. Such advancements are crucial for deploying QKD under dynamic conditions, such as in fluctuating fiber-optic networks and satellite communications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonreciprocal Photon Transport in a Chiral Optomechanical System","authors":"Shi-Tong Huang,&nbsp;Yi-Bing Qian,&nbsp;Zhen-Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Sun,&nbsp;Bang-Pin Hou,&nbsp;Lei Tang","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400217","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chiral interaction between light and quantum emitters leads to emergence development of chiral quantum optics and stimulates a wide range of practical applications in quantum regime, such as single-photon isolation and photon unidirectional emission. Cavity optomechanics studying the interaction between optical and mechanical resonators plays an important role in the field of quantum optics. However, how to achieve the chiral interaction between light and mechanical oscillators and explore the applications of the chiral optomechanical systems are still difficult encountered in cavity optomechanics. Here, a method is proposed to achieve chiral optomechanical interaction by exploiting directional squeezed light in a multimode optomechanical system. Based on the chiral interaction between photon and phonon, the nonreciprocal photon transport at a single-photon level can be realized. An isolation ratio of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>&gt;</mo>\u0000 <mn>40</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mtext>dB</mtext>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>${&amp;gt;}40 text{dB}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and a negligible insertion loss for the photonic isolator are obtained. This method paves the way to realize chiral optomechanical interaction for conducting chiral optomechanics and opens up the prospect of exploring and utilizing chiral photon–phonon manipulation in the quantum regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qute.202400217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximum Entropy Methods for Quantum State Compatibility Problems","authors":"Shi-Yao Hou,&nbsp;Zipeng Wu,&nbsp;Jinfeng Zeng,&nbsp;Ningping Cao,&nbsp;Chenfeng Cao,&nbsp;Youning Li,&nbsp;Bei Zeng","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inferring a quantum system from incomplete information is a common problem in many aspects of quantum information science and applications, where the principle of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) plays an important role. The quantum state compatibility problem asks whether there exists a density matrix <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> compatible with some given measurement results. Such a compatibility problem can be naturally formulated as a semidefinite programming (SDP), which searches directly for the existence of a <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. However, for large system dimensions, it is hard to represent <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> directly, since it requires too many parameters. In this work, MaxEnt is applied to solve various quantum state compatibility problems, including the quantum marginal problem. An immediate advantage of the MaxEnt method is that it only needs to represent <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> via a relatively small number of parameters, which is exactly the number of the operators measured. Furthermore, in case of incompatible measurement results, the method will further return a witness that is a supporting hyperplane of the compatible set. The method has a clear geometric meaning and can be computed effectively with hybrid quantum-classical algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking Quantum Computational Advantages on Supercomputers","authors":"Junjie Wu,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1002/qute.202400143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202400143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The achievement of quantum computational advantage, also known as quantum supremacy, is a major milestone at which a quantum computer can solve a problem significantly faster than the world's most powerful classical computers. Two tasks, boson sampling and random quantum circuit sampling, have experimentally exhibited quantum advantages on photonic and superconducting platforms respectively. Classical benchmarking is essential, yet challenging, because these tasks are intractable for classical computers. This study reviews models, algorithms and large-scale simulations of these two sampling tasks. These approaches continue to hold substantial significance for research in both current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) systems and future fault-tolerant quantum computing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information (Adv. Quantum Technol. 10/2024)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/qute.202470030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202470030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72073,"journal":{"name":"Advanced quantum technologies","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qute.202470030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}