Additive manufacturing letters最新文献_第8页

The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction 工艺参数和印刷位置对 LPBF 哈氏合金 X 熔池变化的影响：激光与熔池相互作用的启示

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100203

Jian Tang , Rafal Wróbel , Pooriya Scheel , Willy Gaechter , Christian Leinenbach , Ehsan Hosseini

{"title":"The role of process parameters and printing position on meltpool variations in LPBF Hastelloy X: Insights into laser-plume interaction","authors":"Jian Tang , Rafal Wróbel , Pooriya Scheel , Willy Gaechter , Christian Leinenbach , Ehsan Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Meltpool dimensions play a pivotal role in defining the defects and microstructure state of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) builds. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate variations in meltpool geometries under different process conditions. In this work, we fabricated single tracks of LPBF Hastelloy X (HX) alloy under 36 printing conditions and examined the corresponding cross-section meltpool dimensions at two locations across the build platform. This investigation demonstrates the impacts of laser power, scan speed, powder layer thickness, and printing locations on resultant meltpool dimensions. As expected, we observed that meltpool dimensions increase as laser power increases or scan speed decreases. It was also concluded that thicker powder layers lead to wider and shallower meltpools due to reduced laser energy penetration into the solid beneath the powder layer. Additionally, the meltpool dimensions show variations dependent on deposition locations due to the different levels of interaction of the laser and its induced vapor plume, resulting in shallower and wider meltpools. These findings provide a systematic understanding of meltpool dimension variations across various process conditions for LPBF HX alloy, which ultimately offer insights into the formation of defects and microstructure features.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000124/pdfft?md5=7fd96b76f55bcd16ecbd3194e32dda25&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000124-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the deformation and microstructural evolution of laser powder-bed fusion of Hastelloy X during high temperature fatigue loading 研究高温疲劳加载过程中激光粉末床融合哈氏合金 X 的变形和微观结构演变

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100201

Reza Esmaeilizadeh , Xiaolong Li , Mathias Kuhlow , Stuart Holdsworth , Ali Keshavarzkermani , Hamid Jahed , Ehsan Toyserkani , Ehsan Hosseini

{"title":"Investigating the deformation and microstructural evolution of laser powder-bed fusion of Hastelloy X during high temperature fatigue loading","authors":"Reza Esmaeilizadeh , Xiaolong Li , Mathias Kuhlow , Stuart Holdsworth , Ali Keshavarzkermani , Hamid Jahed , Ehsan Toyserkani , Ehsan Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the fatigue behaviour of samples made by laser powder-bed fusion of Hastelloy X (LPBF-HX) with as-built and machined surface conditions at 700 °C under fully reversed strain-controlled cyclic loading. Samples with both surface conditions exhibited initially cyclic hardening followed by cyclic softening under large strain amplitude testing, where a slight continuous hardening was observed for tests with smaller strain amplitudes. The samples with machined surfaces showed longer endurance and higher stress ranges than those with as-built surfaces. Post-fatigue-test EBSD analysis showed the formation of the Goss texture and extensive local strain accumulation in the samples tested under high strain amplitude at 700 °C. Fractography investigations revealed that early crack initiation in the samples with as-built surfaces was from stress concentrations induced by valleys on the rough surface. No evidence of crack initiation induced by pre-existing defects was observed in the machined samples, and the excessive slip activity at the surface was found to be responsible for the crack initiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000100/pdfft?md5=21237ab93c84d6a360f4f9f7f0a3a80e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000100-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Depowdering of an additively manufactured heat exchanger with narrow and turning channels 具有狭窄和转弯通道的添加式制造热交换器的除灰处理

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100202

Wenchao Du, Wenhua Yu, David M. France, Dileep Singh

{"title":"Depowdering of an additively manufactured heat exchanger with narrow and turning channels","authors":"Wenchao Du, Wenhua Yu, David M. France, Dileep Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The evolution of heat exchangers (HXs) manufactured by additive manufacturing techniques is significantly needed. The depowdering solution is a necessity, especially if flow channels are incorporated into the design. In this study, a one-piece HX with multiple layers of internal channels (printed by binder jetting additive manufacturing) was completely depowdered through a developed approach. Each HX channel has a semi-elliptical geometry, four perpendicular turnings along the approximately 200-mm length, and an approximately 80-mm center segment that is inaccessible due to the turnings. To depowder this component, two approaches including the compressed air and the vortex motion were tested first. It was found that the compressed air or vortex motion alone could partially depowder the internal unbound powder of the printed heat exchanger. Consequently, for complete depowdering, a combined approach of the vortex motion and compressed air blowing with multiple cycles was developed and tested. A study of the effect of the vortex duration in each depowdering cycle was conducted, and results showed that an increase from five minutes to ten minutes resulted in a reduced number of stages for a complete depowdering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000112/pdfft?md5=f9df06c7eeaefb2858b45396a0e2df02&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000112-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the role of geometry and interlayer cooling time on microstructure variations in LPBF Ti6Al4V through part-scale scan-resolved thermal modeling 通过部分尺度扫描分辨热建模了解几何形状和层间冷却时间对 LPBF Ti6Al4V 微观结构变化的作用

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100197

Alaa Olleak , Evan Adcock , Shawn Hinnebusch , Florian Dugast , Anthony D. Rollett , Albert C. To

{"title":"Understanding the role of geometry and interlayer cooling time on microstructure variations in LPBF Ti6Al4V through part-scale scan-resolved thermal modeling","authors":"Alaa Olleak , Evan Adcock , Shawn Hinnebusch , Florian Dugast , Anthony D. Rollett , Albert C. To","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigated the microstructural variation of Ti-6Al-4 V in inverted pyramid parts built using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). Two parts were fabricated with and without ghost parts to study the effects of interlayer delay time on thermal history and microstructure. Finite Element Method (FEM) based process simulation was used to predict the thermal history and cooling rates during the LPBF process to understand the location-specific microstructure and mechanical properties variation. The thermal analysis findings revealed that the variations in the cooling rates and pre-deposition temperature were notably significant. Within the same part, the cooling rates exhibited significant variations, differing by up to three orders of magnitude in two scenarios: (1) within the same layer, influenced by the proximity to the edges, and (2) at different heights, attributable to the strongly varying cross-section. Comparing the two parts, the cooling rates of the part with ghost parts were approximately two orders of magnitude higher than in the part without the ghost parts. This significant difference can be attributed to the extended interlayer cooling time and lower pre-deposition temperature resulting from the presence of two ghost parts which introduced an effective delay time between laser scans. Experimental validation against microstructure images and hardness measurements showed similar trends with the predicted results. These findings provide valuable insights into controlling microstructure at specific locations during LPBF fabrication, which is essential for building complex geometries with controlled material properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000069/pdfft?md5=23a8fa57535c558f207af2fab8ffb6e5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139714817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometry repeatability and prediction for personalized medical devices made using multi-jet fusion additive manufacturing 使用多射流融合增材制造技术制造个性化医疗器械的几何重复性和预测性

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100200

Christopher H. Conway , Davis J. McGregor , Tristan Antonsen , Charles Wood , Chenhui Shao , William P. King

{"title":"Geometry repeatability and prediction for personalized medical devices made using multi-jet fusion additive manufacturing","authors":"Christopher H. Conway , Davis J. McGregor , Tristan Antonsen , Charles Wood , Chenhui Shao , William P. King","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As additive manufacturing (AM) production volumes grow to the industrial scale, quality systems must also scale to verify that every part satisfies requirements. Quality systems are particularly challenging for personalized medical devices, where every patient requires a unique design. This research studies the repeatability of an additively manufactured guide for knee surgery that is personalized to the size and shape of a patient and explores concepts for predicting geometric accuracy. We created 258 unique surgical guide designs with different sizes of the critical features to simulate practical conditions, and manufactured 2100 parts using multi-jet fusion AM. An automated measurement technique collected 8400 individual feature dimensions. Across four critical features, the standard deviation of feature size was 0.076 to 0.173 mm, however the accuracy was consistently different than the target dimensions by -0.308 to 0.017 mm. We show how machine learning (ML) models can predict these geometry distortions and explore the number of parts required to effectively train these models. The accuracy of these models are 0.033 to 0.075 mm, such that the part shape distortion can be accurately predicted to within one standard deviation across a wide range of part sizes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000094/pdfft?md5=b39301c043f9bb05fbbeac341c3a063d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139675732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Importance of feedstock powder selection for mechanical properties improvement of cold spray additively manufactured Ti6Al4V deposits 原料粉末选择对改善冷喷加成法制造的 Ti6Al4V 沉积物机械性能的重要性

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100199

Jan Kondas , Mario Guagliano , Sara Bagherifard , Reeti Singh , Jan Cizek , Frantisek Lukac , Pavel Konopik , Sylwia Rzepa

{"title":"Importance of feedstock powder selection for mechanical properties improvement of cold spray additively manufactured Ti6Al4V deposits","authors":"Jan Kondas , Mario Guagliano , Sara Bagherifard , Reeti Singh , Jan Cizek , Frantisek Lukac , Pavel Konopik , Sylwia Rzepa","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CSAM (cold spray additive manufacturing) of Ti6Al4V is a challenging task and high-quality deposits conforming to the AM application standards have not been developed so far. In our study, two distinct feedstock Ti6Al4V powders with different morphology and microstructure, spherical and crystalline, were used and their influence on the deposits was investigated in terms of microstructure as well as tensile properties. The results indicate the mechanical strength and ductility of the as-deposited samples to be in the range of 8–30 % compared to wrought Ti6Al4V and highlight a significant anisotropy in different in-plane directions. The post-treatments of the deposits from the spherical, plasma atomized powder effectively reduced the porosity and triggered microstructural homogenization and recrystallization, leading to a significant increase in the yield and tensile strengths, reaching 892 MPa and 954 MPa, respectively, while achieving an enormous enhancement in the elongation to 21.6 % at the same time. This was in a striking contrast to the deposits from the crystalline powder: despite the yield and tensile strength increase to 853 MPa and 1058 MPa, respectively, the elongation remained virtually zero, highlighting the importance of the feedstock powder selection in cold spray additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000082/pdfft?md5=020263670df00806d7a5dc302b676183&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139714815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement of focal plane error in laser powder bed fusion machines 激光粉末床熔融机焦平面误差的测量

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100196

Jaime Berez , Enea Dushaj , Elliott Jost , Christopher Saldaña , Katherine Fu

{"title":"Measurement of focal plane error in laser powder bed fusion machines","authors":"Jaime Berez , Enea Dushaj , Elliott Jost , Christopher Saldaña , Katherine Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amongst the many sub-systems that make up laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) machines, the optomechanical sub-system stands out due to its potential for off-nominal performance but incommensurate level of study on performance evaluation. Nominally, the optomechanical system focuses the laser onto a planar field which is at a controlled position and orientation relative to the powder bed. Deviations from this assumed condition, sometimes referred to as defocus or focus offset, have the potential to significantly impact the manufacturing process by influencing the energy intensity at the process zone. Herein, a novel, high-throughput, low-cost, artifact-based methodology to measure focus offset is detailed. In a single continuous build process, tracks at varying offsets from the build plane were created by ablating the coating on discrete coupons located throughout the build area. By examining these track widths, the focus offset was determined at a relatively fine spatial resolution over the build space, down to 25 mm intervals along the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> directions, thus ascertaining the discrepancy between the laser focal plane and the build plane, i.e., focal plane error. Results were found to agree with reference measurements to within 0.27 mm over the entire build space and defocus levels ranging from approximately -1.6 to 1.7 mm were discovered. Field sag and optomechanical misalignment were the major casual factors. It is concluded that similar or more severe levels of defocus may be present in the typical PBF-LB machine, which may impart considerable impacts to the overall PBF-LB process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000057/pdfft?md5=48a3f31fc042735e2d8a34b4e8a71267&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Achieving ultra-high strength of laser powder bed fusion TiN nanoparticles reinforced AlMnMgScZr composite via a high volume density of L12-nanoprecipitates 通过高体积密度的 L12 纳米沉淀物实现激光粉末床熔融 TiN 纳米粒子增强 AlMnMgScZr 复合材料的超高强度

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100198

Hao Tang , Chaofeng Gao , Xiaoying Xi , Jiantao Zhang , Xingyi Li , Zhiyu Xiao , Jeremy Heng Rao

{"title":"Achieving ultra-high strength of laser powder bed fusion TiN nanoparticles reinforced AlMnMgScZr composite via a high volume density of L12-nanoprecipitates","authors":"Hao Tang , Chaofeng Gao , Xiaoying Xi , Jiantao Zhang , Xingyi Li , Zhiyu Xiao , Jeremy Heng Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, a novel design strategy for <span>l</span>-PBFed AlMnMgScZr/TiN composites with ultrahigh strength was proposed. TiN particles can not only function as ceramic reinforcement, but also decompose and reprecipitate to form a large density of L1<sub>2</sub>-precipitates at a high melting temperature during <span>l</span>-PBF. Meanwhile, the primary L1<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>3</sub>X (<em>X</em>=Ti/Sc/Zr) phase promotes the columnar-to-equiaxed grain transition effect, creating a fine bi-modal grain structure in the as-built sample. A high volume fraction of L1<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles are additionally precipitated from Al matrix during post heat treatment. In this regard, effective grain refinement and precipitation hardening mechanism contribute to an excellent tensile performance with a combination of an ultimate tensile strength of 681±4 MPa, a yield strength of 677±4 MPa, and an elongation rate of 5.4 ± 1.2%. The yield strength of 677 MPa is particularly the highest among all previously reported <span>l</span>-PBFed Al matrix composites and Al alloys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000070/pdfft?md5=890033fade8dbfb8be12c1fcccbdaa09&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000070-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Process Parameters in Additively Manufactured Sensors prepared via Material Extrusion Processes: Correlation among Electrical, Mechanical and Microstructure Properties 通过材料挤压工艺制备的快速成型传感器中工艺参数的影响：电气、机械和微观结构特性之间的相关性

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100194

Gianni Stano, Neshat Sayah, Douglas E. Smith, Trevor J. Fleck

{"title":"Effect of Process Parameters in Additively Manufactured Sensors prepared via Material Extrusion Processes: Correlation among Electrical, Mechanical and Microstructure Properties","authors":"Gianni Stano, Neshat Sayah, Douglas E. Smith, Trevor J. Fleck","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fusion-based Material Extrusion (MEX) Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes have been extensively used for the fabrication of smart structures with embedded sensors, proving to have several benefits such as reduction in cost, manufacturing time, and assembly. A major issue negatively affecting 3D printed sensors is related to their poor electrical conductivity, as well as inconsistent electrical performance, which leads to electrical power losses amongst other issues. In the present paper, a set of process parameters (ironing, printing temperature, and infill overlap) has been analyzed by performing a Design of Experiment (DoE) factorial plan to minimize the electrical resistance. The best process parameters configuration involves a remarkable reduction of electrical resistance of 47.9%, as well as an improvement of mechanical properties of 31.9% (ultimate tensile strength), 25.8% (elongation at break) and 28.14% (flexural stress). The microstructure of the obtained results has also been analyzed by employing a high-resolution, X-ray Computed Tomography (X-Ray CT) system showing a reduction of intralayer voids of 19.5%. This work demonstrates a clear correlation between process parameters and the corresponding electrical properties, mechanical properties, and internal microstructure. In the present research, it has been shown that i) it is possible to significantly improve the overall 3D printed sensors performance by process parameter selection, and ii) small changes in the microstructure lead to remarkable improvements in electrical and mechanical performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000033/pdfft?md5=aae1a3e8c589701551c2416dfc5dec38&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139537718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispersoid coarsening and slag formation during melt-based additive manufacturing of MA754 基于熔体的 MA754 添加剂制造过程中的粒径变粗和熔渣形成

Additive manufacturing letters Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100195

Timothy Stubbs , Roger Hou , Donovan N. Leonard , Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt , Yuman Zhu , Zachary C. Cordero , Aijun Huang

{"title":"Dispersoid coarsening and slag formation during melt-based additive manufacturing of MA754","authors":"Timothy Stubbs , Roger Hou , Donovan N. Leonard , Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt , Yuman Zhu , Zachary C. Cordero , Aijun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addlet.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have assessed the structural evolution and dispersoid coarsening behaviors of the oxide dispersion-strengthened superalloy MA754 during two different melt-based additive manufacturing techniques – metal laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) and directed energy deposition (DED). The mechanically alloyed MA754 powder posed challenges for both processes due to its irregular flaky morphology and large particle size. Successful consolidation with PBF-LB/M required increasing the layer height, decreasing the scanning speed, and increasing the laser power relative to typical Ni superalloy printing parameters. The resulting materials contained residual porosity and large Y-Al-oxide slag inclusions which formed in situ. The more prolonged thermal excursion during DED resulted in even larger, mm-scale slag inclusions, which spanned several build layers. In both PBF-LB/M and DED, these inclusions grew at the expense of nanoscale dispersoids, depleting the material of this strengthening phase. These observations motivate alternative approaches for preparing dispersion-strengthened powder feedstocks besides mechanical alloying and highlight the deleterious effects of Al microalloying on dispersoid stability and structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72068,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing letters","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369024000045/pdfft?md5=b241d7143626936f4d63b7fda43ee1cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2772369024000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0