Addiction neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"EcoHIV infection effects on cocaine seeking and neuroimmune responses in male mice depend on cocaine exposure pattern","authors":"Mark D. Namba ,&nbsp;Qiaowei Xie ,&nbsp;Kyewon Park ,&nbsp;Joshua G. Jackson ,&nbsp;Jacqueline M. Barker","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cocaine use disorders (CUDs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain persistent public health dilemmas throughout the world. Cocaine seeking increases over a protracted period of abstinence, an effect known as the incubation of craving. Little is known about how HIV may modulate this process. Thus, we sought to examine the impact of chronic HIV infection on the incubation of cocaine craving and associated changes in the expression levels of central neuroimmune and peripheral immune substrates. Here, male mice were inoculated with EcoHIV, which is a chimeric HIV-1 construct that produces chronic HIV infection in mice. Mice were conditioned with cocaine daily or intermittently in a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm, followed by 1 or 21 days of forced abstinence prior to assessing preference for the cocaine-paired chamber. Mice conditioned daily exhibited potentiated incubation of cocaine CPP after 21 days of abstinence, and EcoHIV increased cocaine CPP across the test session at both abstinence timepoints. Conversely, EcoHIV-infected mice conditioned intermittently showed higher cocaine seeking after 1 day of abstinence compared to 21 days. Analysis of corticolimbic CX3CL1-CX3CR1 and glutamate receptor expression revealed a positive relationship between cocaine seeking and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) CX3CL1 and GluA1, as well as a nucleus accumbens (NAc) GluN2A expression. Moreover, examination of peripheral immune markers showed that the effect of abstinence and EcoHIV infection on these measures depended on the cocaine exposure regimen. Altogether, these results highlight the importance of cocaine abstinence and exposure pattern as critical variables that modulate HIV-associated neuroimmune outcomes and relapse vulnerability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methamphetamine produces behavioral flexibility deficits that are attenuated by COX-2 inhibition in both male and female rats","authors":"Amanda M. Acuña ,&nbsp;Serena E. Rodarte ,&nbsp;Skylar Bickley ,&nbsp;Erin K. Nagy ,&nbsp;Emma Peacock ,&nbsp;Annabel Carlson ,&nbsp;Paula F. Overby ,&nbsp;M. Foster Olive","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methamphetamine (METH) Use Disorder (MUD) and METH-related overdose deaths continue to rise in the United States and elsewhere. Patients with MUD experience cognitive inflexibility, which conveys a vulnerability to continued addictive behaviors and relapse. Neuroinflammation is present in both brain tissue and serum following METH use and appears to play a role in cognitive deficits. The current study sought to investigate the ability of an anti-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, parecoxib (PXB), to attenuate METH-induced deficits in behavioral flexibility in male and female rats. Rats were given binge-like access (96 hrs/week/3 weeks) to METH via intravenous self-administration (IVSA) at 0.05 mg/kg/infusion, or saline as a control. Behavioral flexibility was assessed using the Attentional Set Shifting Task (ASST) prior to and three weeks following the cessation of drug access, with PXB administered for the last 7 days of abstinence. Difference scores for ASST performance were calculated (post drug/treatment – baseline) and compared between groups: saline-saline, saline-PXB, METH-saline, METH-PXB. Rats that self-administered METH required more trials to reach criterion in the extradimensional shift (ED) part of ASST than they did prior to METH, indicating a deficit in attentional set shifting in both sexes following METH. Strikingly, rats treated with PXB following METH IVSA performed similarly to controls, suggesting an attenuation of behavioral deficits. Sex differences in the simple discrimination (SD) part of the task were also observed, with METH-saline females exhibiting deficits that were attenuated by PXB. These findings reinforce the argument that pharmacologically targeting neuroimmune responses to METH may facilitate recovery from MUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predator scent stress reduces oxycodone self-administration and the nucleus accumbens dopamine response to oxycodone in female rats","authors":"Courtney S. Wilkinson ,&nbsp;Siya Bhutani ,&nbsp;Wonn Pyon ,&nbsp;Marek Schwendt ,&nbsp;Lori A. Knackstedt","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a sub-population of people exposed to trauma and is highly comorbid with opioid use disorder (OUD). The neurobiology of comorbid PTSD+OUD, especially with respect to sex differences, is poorly understood. Here we investigated the sex-specific effects of predator scent stress on intravenous (IV) oxycodone self-administration (SA), cue-primed reinstatement, and pre- and post-stress corticosterone (CORT) concentrations. Upon detecting effects of stress on oxycodone IVSA, the nucleus accumbens (NA) dopamine response to oxycodone was assessed. Male and female rats received a single 10-minute exposure to the predator scent TMT or the control condition. One week later, rats were tested for anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze and underwent oxycodone IVSA, instrumental extinction, and a cue-primed reinstatement test. In a separate cohort of only female rats, the NA core dopamine response to IV oxycodone (0, 0.25, 0.5 mg/kg) was assessed using fiber photometry. TMT increased anxiety-like behavior one week later in male and female rats. Baseline CORT was negatively correlated with anxiety-like behavior in males. TMT exposure reduced oxycodone intake exclusively in females, with no effects on instrumental extinction or cue-primed reinstatement in either sex. Female rats demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in NA core dopamine signal following oxycodone administration that was blunted by a history of TMT exposure. These results indicate that TMT exposure diminishes the NA core dopamine response to oxycodone in females, reducing oxycodone IVSA. These results are consistent with stress-induced reward insensitivity that has been observed following stress in both rodents and humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A translational framework for personalizing intervention models to prevent substance use disorder","authors":"Diana Fishbein ,&nbsp;Emma Jane Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This introductory paper frames the Addiction Neuroscience Special Issue on “Neuroprevention for Substance Use” by describing a transdisciplinary neuroscience approach to understanding and intercepting developmental pathways to addiction. Our integrative model derives from biomedical research that provides clues as to the underlying mechanisms of effects of existing <em>and</em> novel evidenced-based preventive strategies. A supportive translational research infrastructure for a “community” of crosscutting scientists guides this work to inform the design of interventions that more directly target underlying generators of the phenomenon we aim to prevent; i.e., poor biobehavioral health leading to increased propensity to substance use initiation, escalation, and addiction<em>.</em> Advancing this approach to address the gaps in substance use prevention research involves identifying common ground and priorities, stimulating cross-disciplinary communication, sharing etiological findings, applying multilevel methodologies to analyzing integrated datasets, and determining ways in which collaborative investigations can lead to a better understanding of mechanisms of behavioral change. Resulting research findings will inform prevention, practice, and policy, resulting in economic and societal benefits through improved quality of life for youths, their families, and their communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple memory object-drug association task (MODAT) for the study of polydrug associations","authors":"Madalyn Hafenbreidel ,&nbsp;Thomas Vaissiere ,&nbsp;Erica J Young ,&nbsp;Meghana Arza ,&nbsp;Cadence Fisher ,&nbsp;Gavin Rumbaugh ,&nbsp;Courtney A. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polysubstance use is common among individuals with substance use disorder (SUD). However, the underlying neurobiology of the complex interactions between different drug classes is understudied. Further, drug associations can serve as relapse factors, but current behavioral paradigms commonly used to assess these learned associations are not as easily adapted to administration of multiple drugs. To address this, we developed the multiple memory object-drug association task (MODAT), an object-based associative memory task that allows for the same mouse to learn to associate different objects with different drugs. Four neutral scents were identified, as were four objects that could still be discriminated between after a delay. These were then combined to create four complex object-scent stimuli equally preferred by mice. Using these compound stimuli, we optimized MODAT using a stimulant (methamphetamine [METH]) and an opioid (heroin [HER]). Under the optimized protocol conditions, mice increased locomotion upon presentation of a stimulus paired with METH or HER, but not saline, during retention testing. Moreover, mice spent more time investigating the HER-, but not METH-paired stimulus. This provided two distinct behavioral readouts for assessing drug-associated memory in the same animals. A broad survey of cFos expression in the brain was performed to identify brain regions differentially activated between METH and HER-associated memory retrieval. Interestingly, many brain regions displayed decreased activation with HER-associated memory retrieval relative to METH. These regions included the prelimbic and infralimbic cortices and the nucleus accumbens. The converse was true for regions such as the lateral habenula and hypothalamus. MODAT presents a novel and easily implemented paradigm that requires no special equipment to examine multiple drug-associated memories in the same mouse as a way to examine the neurobiology of polysubstance exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotin's protective effects against nicotine withdrawal-induced anxiety and depression: Mechanistic insights into serotonin, inflammation, BDNF, and oxidative stress in male rats","authors":"Dawood Hossaini ,&nbsp;Mohammad Jalal Nazari ,&nbsp;Khan Baba Ghazanfar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Edris Amiri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tariq Anwary ,&nbsp;Mohammad Jawad Jawad ,&nbsp;Murtaza Haidary","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Substance use disorders, particularly nicotine use disorders, represent a significant public health problem, with adolescents particularly vulnerable to their adverse effects. This study examined the potential anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of biotin in attenuating the behavioral and neurobiological changes associated with nicotine withdrawal in adolescent rats.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to nicotine administration and subsequently, nicotine withdrawal, after which behavioral assessments included the open-field test, the elevated plus-maze test, and the forced-swimming test performed after withdrawal to assess anxiety and depression behaviors. We also performed biochemical analyses to measure serotonin levels, monoamine oxidase A activity, brain neurotrophic factor concentration, and markers of oxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated that nicotine withdrawal intensifies behavioral symptoms of anxiety and depression by disrupting serotonin metabolism, triggering inflammatory responses, and upsetting the balance of oxidative stress. Treatment with biotin, particularly at higher doses, significantly alleviated these withdrawal-induced behavioral changes. Mechanistically, biotin was found to increase serotonin levels and decrease monoamine oxidase Activity, elevate brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, reduce glial fibrillary acidic protein expression, and improve oxidative stress balance within the cortical tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study suggests that biotin may have significant therapeutic potential for alleviating the side effects associated with nicotine withdrawal, particularly anxiety and depression. Given the complex neurobiological mechanisms underlying withdrawal symptoms, biotin's ability to modulate critical signaling pathways such as serotonin metabolism, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress could provide a multifaceted treatment approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonin circuits act cooperatively with pathophysiology of opioid use disorder","authors":"Arakawa Hiroyuki ,&nbsp;Ozawa Akihiko","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opioid abuse and its negative effect have become a critical epidemic, putting our health and society in jeopardy. Opioids are effective treatment for pain, but at risk for developing associated health threatening impacts including the euphoria associated relapsing effects, persistent occurrence with addictive and withdrawal symptoms, and consequent respiratory depression and apnea. The opioid use disorder (OUD), represented as those recurring phases of symptoms, is initiated with mediation of opioid receptor signaling pathway and subsequent neurocircuitry transformation with homeostatic and motivational change. It has been imperative to establish modulatory mechanisms and alternative treatments to mitigate OUD. This review deals with central serotonin (5-HT) system as a cooperative mediator with OUD-related neural processing. We briefly introduce molecular base of opioid receptors and available research tools in mouse models and examine OUD-phase dependent circuit mechanisms, including pain, addiction, and respiratory depression. We interrogate the potential neural roles of 5-HT in OUD-related symptoms including 5-HT toxicity and pathophysiology and discuss potential availability of 5-HT-related agents as a neuromodulatory therapeutic interacting with opioid mediated neural mechanisms and the OUD-related symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuronal heterogeneity in the ventral tegmental area: Distinct contributions to reward circuitry and motivated behavior","authors":"N. Dalton Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Jeremy J. Day","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a critical component of brain reward circuitry that influences motivation, learning, and emotional regulation. Although this role was traditionally attributed primarily to VTA dopamine (DA) neurons, recent advances in transcriptomics and intersectional genetics have revealed significant cell type heterogeneity within the VTA, challenging these established notions. Distinct subtypes of DA neurons can be identified across the VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) by characteristics that include gene expression patterns (molecular identity), connectivity motifs (network identity), and patterns of task-linked activity and neurotransmitter release (computational identity). This review aims to synthesize current knowledge of diverse neuronal populations in the VTA, including distinct subtypes of DA, glutamate (GLUT), and GABAergic neurons and combinatorial cells alongside well-characterized markers of these neuronal subclasses. Furthermore, this review highlights known projection targets and the role of diverse VTA cell types in motivated behavior. Finally, we highlight emerging intersectional techniques that enable targeted studies of the vast array of cell types and discuss areas of research important for the future direction of the field. Understanding VTA cell type heterogeneity may yield new insights into the reward system, offering potential avenues for treating substance use disorders and other related conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of concurrent sucrose availability on operant ethanol self-administration in male and female Long Evans rats","authors":"Olivia A. Ortelli,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Weiner","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating how environmental factors, such as the availability of non-ethanol alternative reinforcers, influences ethanol self-administration is critical for understanding the pathology of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Here we established the first operant choice paradigm that leverages the strengths of the sipper tube self-administration model to investigate how concurrent access to sucrose altered ethanol self-administration in male and female Long Evans rats. Choice behavior was examined using two distinct paradigms, including a novel adaptation of the response requirement paradigm. Under both a fixed-ratio or response requirement paradigm, we observed that concurrent availability of an alternative reinforcer significantly reduced appetitive and consummatory ethanol drinking-related behaviors. Furthermore, we assessed the sensitivity of the response requirement choice paradigm by administering the pharmacological stressor yohimbine and by altering the taste of the ethanol solution. Yohimbine administration non-selectively increased ethanol and sucrose intake, but not seeking, while taste adulteration decreased ethanol seeking and intake. These experiments demonstrate the utility of two concurrent choice paradigms that can more accurately capture AUD-like phenotypes, such as ethanol-directed choice in the face of alternative reinforcers. Future studies should investigate how models of vulnerability and dependence alter ethanol choice behavior under these paradigms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent and prospective relations between aberrant stress-induced frontal alpha asymmetry and cannabis use disorder","authors":"Brandon S. Schermitzler ,&nbsp;Julia Y. Gorday ,&nbsp;Michael Griffin ,&nbsp;Richard J. Macatee","doi":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addicn.2025.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) is prevalent and associated with significant disability. Stress potentiation of drug use motivation is a mechanism implicated in CUD; however, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms through which stress impacts cannabis use motivation. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), an index of approach motivation, is sensitive to acute stress, so this study sought to examine the relationship between stress-potentiated FAA and cannabis-related problems.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Non-treatment-seeking regular cannabis users in a stress task study (<em>N</em> = 102) and a control task study (<em>N</em> = 52) completed a resting state task with concurrent electroencephalogram recording before and after a stressor or control task. Changes in FAA from pre- to post-task represented a neurophysiological index of approach motivation change. Participants completed self-report and clinician-assessed measures of cannabis-related problems. Participants in the stress study re-completed all study components three months later.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Relative to the control study, participants in the stress study showed a greater shift from right to left alpha-band power at frontal sites. More cannabis-related problems, but not past-month cannabis use sessions, correlated with a blunted stress-induced FAA response, which predicted greater maintenance of cannabis-related problems three months later. Baseline cannabis-related problems were not associated with changes in the stress-induced FAA response from baseline to follow-up, and changes in cannabis-related problems across the three-month study period were not associated with changes in the stress-induced FAA response. The stress-induced FAA response demonstrated good stability over three months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The stress-induced FAA response may represent a stable predictor of cannabis-related problems and may have implications for clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72067,"journal":{"name":"Addiction neuroscience","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}