[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"[Use of personal health record services and their effects on patients' outcomes: An umbrella review].","authors":"Arisa Iba, Yuki Tamaura, Yuta Taniguchi, Takehiro Sugiyama","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-068","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　Various personal health record (PHR) services have been developed over recent years. However, academic evidence concerning PHR system use and its effects on behavioral change remains scarce. This umbrella review aimed to summarize current evidence regarding the factors associated with PHR service use and their association with patient outcomes.Methods　We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases and extracted review articles that reported factors associated with PHR service use and their association with patient outcomes. Three independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts; one reviewer performed a primary assessment of the full texts, and two others confirmed the results.Results　Twelve studies were ultimately included in this review. A tethered PHR, or patient portal, represents an online tool that is connected to electronic medical records, whereas an untethered PHR represents a collection of health or wellness data concerning an individual's health. The former function includes viewing electronic medical records, contacting healthcare providers via messaging, refilling prescriptions, and scheduling appointments. In contrast, the monitoring and sharing of health statuses represent the primary functions of the latter. Male sex, younger age, higher education, higher income, Caucasian lineage, and insurance coverage were reported to represent the personal attributes associated with PHR service usage. Familiarity with the Internet and information was also associated with using PHR services. Some studies on tethered PHRs showed improved disease control and communication with healthcare providers, whereas others found no such association. Messaging with healthcare providers was associated with medication management, regular visits, and improved control of blood glucose and low-density lipoprotein levels. The associations among medication refilling with adherence, and health status monitoring/sharing with improved glycemic control and self-management were also reported. Certain PHR services have been specifically designed to support self-monitoring and disease control.Conclusion　We identified the concept of PHRs and the key terms that correspond to it. Few studies have examined the functions of untethered PHRs and their associations with patient outcomes compared with those of a tethered PHR. Further research is therefore warranted to clarify the effects of untethered PHR services.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"338-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of a checklist for the introduction of practical disease prevention and health promotion services: A consensus-building process based on action research].","authors":"Hiroko Yako-Suketomo, Yoshihisa Fujino, Naoki Kondo","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-069","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　This report describes the process of consensus-building with stakeholders involved in the development of a checklist intended for purchasers of disease prevention and health promotion services to determine their quality.Methods　The key stakeholders involved in the checklist development included healthcare providers and developers, purchasers, occupational health and health education or health promotion experts, and a steering committee of researchers. The steering committee collected opinions from the other four groups through interviews, workshops, and questionnaires. They also conducted qualitative analyses, as well as drafted and revised the checklist until a consensus was reached.Results　The following points were extracted from the interviews with the providers and developers: evidence-based services, changes in the randomized controlled trial framework in each field, services rooted in daily life, and discussions concerning the current status and challenges in the healthcare market. The workshops for the purchasers identified eight major aspects related to checklist qualities in the first session (general (layout), general (wording), general (initial setup), target populations, effectiveness and usefulness, safety, sustainability, and personal information and ethics), and three in the second one (management and administration, communication and intersectoral collaboration, and identifying cost-effectiveness). The third session elicited opinions in three categories (management, business, and service effectiveness), while the fourth round discussed three categories (ease of checking, dissemination of checklists, and post-introduction image of services). The opinions expressed in the expert review of occupational health experts were organized into eight categories (operational reality (introduction decision), operational reality (multi-person decision), importance of consistency with business plans, order of checks, suggestions for additional items, presentation of specific examples, definitions and examples, and improvement of options). The comments made by the health education/health promotion experts were organized into three categories (modifications to the checklist, opinions related to participating in the round-table process, and the targeting of potential checklist users). These results were ultimately used to develop the complete checklist.Conclusion　Although the checklist we developed was deemed suitable by the expert panel that participated in this study, its overall validity must be verified using appropriate methodologies in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"360-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association of regularity of dinnertime and elapsed time from dinner to going to bed with subjective sleep quality among locally-living working-age men and women].","authors":"Chie Kato, Takashi Kimura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Koshi Nakamura, Emiko Okada, Sachiko Sasaki, Akiko Tamakoshi","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-138","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the regularity of dinnertime, elapsed time between dinner and bedtime (elapsed time after dinner), and subjective sleep quality among locally-living working-age men and women.Methods　Data from the DOSANCO Health Study conducted in 2015 in Suttsu-chou, Hokkaido, Japan, were used. Of the 2,638 residents aged ≥3 years, excluding nursing home residents, 773 aged 20-69 years and those who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The regularity of dinnertime was divided into two groups; \"regular\" and \"irregular.\" Furthermore, the regular group was divided into five groups according to the time elapsed between dinner and bedtime; \"≤2 h,\" \"＞2 h, ≤3 h,\" \"＞3 h, ≤4 h,\" \"＞4 h, ≤5 h,\" and \"＞5 h.\" Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, with a total score of ≥6 being \"subjective poor sleep quality.\" Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by sex and age group (20-39, 40-59, and 60-69 years) using log-binomial regression analysis with SAS software (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc.).Results　The PR (95% CI) for subjective poor sleep quality was significantly higher in the irregular group (men; 1.71 [1.28-2.28], women; 1.50 [1.12-2.00]) than the regular group. Among the regular group, the PR (95% CI) for subjective poor sleep quality compared with the \"＞3 h, ≤4 h\" group as the reference was 1.81 (1.17-2.80) in the \"＞5 h\" group of women. The group with a longer elapsed time from dinner had higher subjective poor sleep quality in women, particularly in women aged 40-59 years.Conclusions　Irregular dinnertimes or a lifestyle with a long elapsed time between dinner and bedtime, despite regular dinnertimes, may be associated with poor sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"247-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145440159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Perceived challenges and status of the transition of patients from specified pediatric chronic diseases to designated intractable diseases: A survey of local government officials].","authors":"Masako Miura, Katsutoshi Tanaka, Shota Matsunaga, Tetsuo Komori, Tomihiro Imai","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-038","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　The transition of patients from specified pediatric chronic diseases (SPCD) to designated intractable diseases (DID) in Japan presents several challenges; however, few studies have addressed this issue. This study aimed to examine the status and challenges of the transition as perceived by local government officials and to compare transition rates between prefectures, with and without transitional care support centers (TCSCs).Methods　A web-based survey was conducted between September 25 and October 20, 2023, targeting 1,772 public health offices, health centers, and welfare offices across Japan. Data from personnel responsible for SPCD and DID programs, including their professional backgrounds, involvement in the programs, awareness of TCSCs, and the estimated percentage of patients who were unable to transition to the DID system in FY2022, were collected. Officials were also questioned on their perceptions of the challenges faced by patients who could not transition, and the status of support systems. The transition rates were compared between prefectures, with and without TCSCs.Results　A total of 1,026 responses were obtained (response rate: 58.0%). Among respondents, 18.9% were aware of TCSCs, while awareness in prefectures without TCSCs was notably lower at 12.4%. The estimated percentage of patients who did not transition to a DID was 53.0%. This was significantly higher in prefectures without TCSCs (54.8%) than in prefectures with TCSCs (49.7%) (t = 2.67, P = .008). The most frequently cited challenges included increased financial burden due to failure to transition (82.8%), difficulties in maintaining continuous care at adult medical institutions (71.5%), and insufficient support for autonomy and independence from medical, administrative, and educational systems (65.4%). These issues were recognized more frequently by medical professionals than by clerical staff.Conclusion　This study suggests that approximately 50% of patients with SPCDs may be unable to transition to a DID program, with a higher failure rate observed in prefectures without TCSCs. The presence of TCSCs may facilitate a smoother transition. However, awareness of these centers remains limited, particularly in areas without them. Raising awareness and promoting the establishment of TCSCs may assist in improving support during the transition period.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"280-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Systematizing public health nursing intervention skills in Japan: An intervention-wheel-based approach].","authors":"Riho Iwasaki-Motegi, Kazuko Saeki, Sachiko Oki, Michiyo Hirano","doi":"10.11236/jph.24-130","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.24-130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　To acquire public health nursing skills, it is important to comprehensively address and name all the skills. This study focused on intervention skills, aiming to systematize intervention skill items and structures in public health nursing. Furthermore, based on the Intervention Wheel-an intervention model for public health nursing systematized in Minnesota, USA-the characteristics of intervention skills in Japan were considered.Methods　Public health nursing interventions were systematized into three stages: draft creation, validity verification, and public health nursing intervention skills system development. Thirty-two meetings of approximately two hours each were conducted, attended by four investigators with experience in public health nursing practice and research. The draft creation had four stages: (1) extracting public health nursing intervention skills from public health nursing textbooks and the Intervention Wheel and organizing them inductively; (2) using the Intervention Wheel to deductively examine skill items; (3) considering the structural framework of intervention skills based on the functional aspects of public health nursing and incorporating the Intervention Wheel; and (4) illustrating a model of public health nursing intervention skills. Ten experts in public health nursing practice, education, and research were interviewed to verify the validity of the original framework and intervention skills. The results from the interviews were revised through discussions with the investigators to formulate a system of intervention skills for public health nursing. The Intervention Wheel functioned as a reference for the characteristics of these skills in Japan.Results　Twenty-one major skills required for public health nursing interventions in Japan were identified: social resource management and development; care system construction; outsourcing projects and quality monitoring; and systems, community, and case management. These skills differ from those of the Intervention Wheel. It was also demonstrated that these skills function at the system, community, and individual and family levels to solve health problems. Intervention skills functioned at all three levels; however, some were ineffective at the system or individual and family levels.Conclusion　Twenty-one major public health nursing intervention skills were identified to address health issues, ensuring that each of the three levels (system, community, and individual/family) function differently. In addition, the scenarios where these skills perform different yet complementary functions across the three levels were organized and systematized.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"270-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145440144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Error factors and sustainable utility of COVID-19 wastewater surveillance in Japan].","authors":"Fumiya Inoue, Asami Anzai, Fuminari Miura, Ryo Kinoshita, Satoru Arai, Taro Kamigaki, Motoi Suzuki, Daisuke Yoneoka","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-048","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the usefulness of wastewater surveillance has been highlighted. Wastewater surveillance can detect pathogens that circulate throughout society, including asymptomatic infections, thereby allowing early outbreak warnings. However, several error factors must be considered when applying wastewater surveillance for COVID-19. This study examines the key error factors in COVID-19 wastewater surveillance and discusses their future applicability in Japan.Methods　A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Ichushi-Web to review the studies on wastewater surveillance for COVID-19. The search included combinations of the keywords \"wastewater,\" \"sewage,\" \"COVID-19,\" \"SARS-CoV-2,\" \"fecal/urine,\" and \"surveillance/survey/detection.\" A narrative review was conducted based on the search results.Results　A total of 2,108 articles were identified in PubMed, of which 19 were included in this review. In addition, six academic articles were retrieved from Google Scholar, and two government reports and guidelines were included in this review. The sampling methods and environmental factors such as wastewater temperature, transit time, and composition can be potential sources of error in wastewater surveillance. Furthermore, the standardization of these factors is difficult. The prevalence of COVID-19, population size, and population mobility in the target area also influence data interpretation. Additionally, because wastewater surveillance often lacks detailed patient background information such as age, sex, and exact locations of affected individuals, data interpretation can be more challenging than clinical testing-based surveillance, thus potentially limiting its applicability. However, compared to large-scale clinical screening, wastewater surveillance is significantly more cost-effective, rapid, and suitable for continuous monitoring. With regard to statistical analysis, sample normalization is crucial for accurate comparisons across samples, regions, and time periods. A low signal-to-noise ratio during COVID-19 wastewater surveillance requires significant smoothing procedures to extract meaningful signals.Conclusion　Wastewater surveillance for COVID-19 is subject to errors from several sources. Nevertheless, it offers advantages over clinical surveillance that include lower expected costs and capacity for continuous monitoring across broad geographic areas. In conclusion, it is essential to understand the advantages and limitations of both clinical and wastewater surveillance and appropriately integrate both approaches for optimal utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"227-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Intra-household isolation and psychological health among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: A cross-sectional analysis from the Wako Cohort Study].","authors":"Hiroshi Murayama, Yuri Yokoyama, Yu Nofuji, Takayuki Ueno, Takumi Abe, Kumiko Nonaka","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-067","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Traditionally, families and households have served as stable sources of support and the primary settings of daily life; however, their roles have changed significantly in recent years. This study defined \"intra-household isolation\" as a state in which individuals live with family members or housemates yet experience markedly limited interactions within the household. We examined the association between intra-household isolation and psychological health among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.Methods　Data were collected through a mail-in questionnaire as part of the baseline survey of the Wako Cohort Study conducted in 2023, targeting the residents of Wako City, Saitama Prefecture. The mail-in questionnaire comprised two separate surveys for individuals aged 40-64 years and those aged ≥65 years, yielding 2,395 and 6,429 valid responses, respectively, for a total of 8,824 responses. Intra-household isolation was defined as cohabitation with others but spending ＜15 minutes daily conversing with them and being alone at home for most of the time on weekdays, weekends, and holidays. Psychological health outcomes included self-rated health, depression, well-being, and loneliness. We conducted modified Poisson regression and multiple regression analyses, adjusting for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, health behaviors, health status, and social networks outside the household.Results　Among the respondents, 44.7% were male, and the average age was 70.0 years (standard deviation: 12.7). The prevalence of intra-household isolation was 4.7% for all participants (3.2% in those aged 40-64 years and 5.3% in those aged ≥65 years) and 5.8% for cohabiting participants (3.7% in those aged 40-64 years and 6.7% in those aged ≥65 years). The proportion of intra-household isolation was higher in the older age group, and across nearly all age groups, men were more likely to experience intra-household isolation than women. Multivariate analyses revealed that, even after adjusting for social networks outside the household and other covariates, individuals experiencing intra-household isolation had poorer self-rated health, greater depression, lower well-being, and stronger feelings of loneliness than those who lived alone or were not isolated within the household. After examining the interaction terms, we found that the association between intra-household isolation and depression was strong among individuals aged ≥65 years. In contrast, this association was weak among those with strong neighborhood ties and those who frequently interacted with non-cohabiting individuals.Conclusion　The findings suggest that even when cohabiting with others, limited interactions within a household may increase the risk of psychological health deterioration. It is essential to carefully assess not only social interactions outside the household, but also isolation within it.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment of the Japanese version of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM).","authors":"Anzu Yakushiji, Ayumi Morishita, Koki Idehara, Louis Patrick Watanabe, Takeshi Akiyama, Ana Maria Rodriguez-Leboeuf","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-018","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　Patients with high treatment satisfaction are known to have better treatment compliance and persistence, and the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) is a questionnaire widely used to assess treatment satisfaction. A Japanese version of this questionnaire is available; however, its application is limited. In this study, we aimed to culturally adapt and assess the psychometric properties of a newly developed Japanese version of the TSQM in patients with diabetes or migraine who were prescribed oral and injectable medications in Japan.Methods　The study included two phases; phase I, retranslation and cultural adaptation of the Japanese TSQM, and phase II, psychometric validation of the updated Japanese TSQM. Japanese patients with diabetes or migraine receiving oral and/or injection treatment were involved in the cognitive debriefing interview and psychometric validation. The retranslation and cultural adaptation of the Japanese TSQM were conducted following the process recommended by the ISPOR Task Force. The updated Japanese TSQM, finalized after amendments based on cognitive debriefing interviews, was distributed to patients for psychometric validation. The psychometric properties of the finalized Japanese TSQM were assessed using classical test and Rasch measurement theories.Results　Minor modifications were made to the Japanese TSQM after cognitive debriefing interviews with eight patients. In total, 512 patients completed the final version of the Japanese TSQM. All versions of the Japanese TSQM had moderate reliability, with Cronbach's alpha ranging 0.6-0.9 for each domain and intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability between 0.5 and 0.6 for most domains. High item-convergent and item-discriminant validity were observed, in which all items had higher correlations with their respective domains than with other domains of the Japanese TSQM. The Rasch measurement theory added additional support to the reliability and validity of the measures as they fit the Rasch models. Additionally, high internal consistency reliability, unidimensionality of the domains, and scale invariance were supported by the values of the person separation index, Chi-square value of each domain, and differential item functioning across patient subgroups, respectively.Conclusion　The Japanese TSQM was successfully updated by revising the complex wording and removing wording specific to oral medications, making it usable for patients regardless of medication type. The updated Japanese TSQM had sufficient reliability and validity and could be used regardless of the disease and mode of administration of medication.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"237-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Response techniques used by public health nurses to support home-based care via telephone during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic].","authors":"Kazuyo Arima, Mikiko Ito","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-079","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective　To identify the technical approaches used by public health nurses for providing telephone support to patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receiving home-based care during the pandemic.Methods　Five managers and five newly appointed public health nurses from five municipalities, each with experience in home-based care for homebound COVID-19 patients, were interviewed. A qualitative analysis was performed using Braun and Clarke's methodology.Results　The analysis yielded 68 codes, with 10 unique to managerial public health nurses. These codes were grouped into eight categories, which were then subdivided into three primary response techniques: methods for establishing ongoing support to patients with unknown COVID-19 status, including those who are not cooperative or hostile; approaches for rapid adaptation to establish an effective recovery environment for infectious diseases; and strategies for improving the self-care abilities of patients with COVID-19 and their families. During the telephone support sessions, nurses relied not only on verbal expressions but also encouraged non-verbal expressions and collected non-verbal information to gain a multidimensional understanding of patients' situation and needs. This involved managing patients' refusal to respond as well as their strong treatment requests. Unique observations among managerial nurses included the following: continuing to provide detailed explanations to obtain patient consent, managing resistance to containment strategies, and remaining aware of their authority as health center staff; understanding the perceived threat of COVID-19 by patients, families, and local residents to inform awareness; and deliberately issuing instructions to patients to gather precise vital information from their posture or behavioral responses. Due to their experience, managerial nurses were able to empathetically understand patients and their families, apply emotional intelligence, and engage in conversations that enabled them to sensitively detect subtle early signs of health deterioration.Conclusion　This study identified techniques to address the unique public health challenges posed by infectious diseases, providing valuable insights for training resilient public health nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145440186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparison of estimated salt and potassium intake and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio based on casual urine: A 10-year follow-up of NIPPON DATA2010].","authors":"Kaori Kitaoka, Aya Kadota, Katsushi Yoshita, Yukiko Okami, Keiko Kondo, Akiko Harada, Nagako Okuda, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Tomonori Okamura, Katsuyuki Miura","doi":"10.11236/jph.25-021","DOIUrl":"10.11236/jph.25-021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objectives　This study compared the estimated 24-hour salt intake, estimated 24-hour potassium intake, and sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio based on casual urine samples from the general Japanese population at baseline and 10 years later.Methods　NIPPON DATA2010 is a cohort study of participants in the 2010 National Health and Nutrition Survey of Japan; 2,244 individuals were included in the 2020 follow-up survey of NIPPON DATA2010. Among them, 798 individuals consented to participate in urine testing and were sent a self-collection kit. The estimated 24-hour salt intake (g/day) and estimated 24-hour potassium intake (mg/day) were calculated using Tanaka's formula, and the urinary Na/K ratio (mmol/mmol) was also determined. A total of 667 participants provided valid urine data at both baseline and 10 years later (mean age at baseline: 54.8±13.4 years; women: 59.1%). Participants were classified into four groups according to sex and age at baseline: men aged ＜60 years, men aged ≥60 years, women aged ＜60 years, and women aged ≥60 years. Regions were categorized into seven areas in Japan. Comparisons between baseline and 10 years later were performed using paired t-tests.Results　Differences in the estimated 24-hour salt intake were not statistically significant for all groups. The estimated 24-hour potassium intake was higher 10 years later in men aged ≥60 years and in women; men aged ＜60 years showed a trend toward higher values. The urinary Na/K ratio was significantly lower 10 years later in men aged ≥60 years (baseline: 4.14±2.57, 10 years later: 3.38±2.10, P = 0.002), women aged ＜60 years (baseline: 4.05±2.23, 10 years later: 3.44±1.91, P＜0.001), and women aged ≥60 years (baseline: 3.76±1.79, 10 years later: 3.03±1.78, P＜0.001). Further, the urinary Na/K ratio was significantly lower in the Tohoku, Kanto, and Kinki regions.Conclusion　Findings of the current study revealed that the estimated 24-hour potassium intake was significantly higher and urinary Na/K ratios were significantly lower 10 years after initial samples were taken at baseline, particularly in women and men aged ≥60 years, as well as in specific regions. These findings suggest the need to strengthen the measures for specific target groups and regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72032,"journal":{"name":"[Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"139-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}