{"title":"Antifreeze Polyvinyl Alcohol Organohydrogel Sensors Containing Polypyrrole Nanowires Self‐Assembled onto Graphene Oxide Nanoplatelets with High Electrical Conductivity and Improved Mechanical Properties","authors":"Pengcheng Yang, Junwei Bai, Federico Olivieri, Chiara Santillo, Rachele Castaldo, Gennaro Gentile, Junhua Zhang, Marino Lavorgna, Giovanna G. Buonocore","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400970","url":null,"abstract":"Conductive hydrogels exhibit significant potential for flexible electronics owing to their exceptional flexibility, resistance to deformation, and high conductivity. However, there is a critical need to develop hydrogels that can withstand extremely low temperatures while exhibiting good mechanical properties. In this study, carboxyl‐modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the gel matrix, dimethylsulfoxide and water as a mixed solvent solution, and graphene oxide (GO) assembled polypyrrole (PPy) nanowires are used to prepare a new type of antifreeze conductive organohydrogel (PGOPPy). The PGOPPy organohydrogel demonstrates outstanding antifreeze properties, retaining its flexibility at temperatures as low as −75 °C. It exhibits a fracture strength of 0.80 MPa and an elongation at break of 436% at room temperature. Remarkably, after being stored at room temperature for 15 days, the diameter of the PGOPPy organohydrogel changes only by 4%. Moreover, PGOPPy shows high electrical conductivity, up to 1.07 S m<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, and exhibits variable conductivity in response to mechanical deformation, with a stable response over cyclic deformations, allowing its use as a sensor to monitor body movements. Results demonstrate that the developed material is very promising as an effective sensor technology for use in extremely cold environments. Moreover, this work provides a general method for preparing antifreeze organhydrogels using water and dimethylsulfoxide as mixed solvents.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingxi Huang, Rongzhi Zhao, Lianze Ji, Jiachang Ruan, Xuefeng Zhang
{"title":"Anti−Reflection Metamaterials with Phase Gradient Index Generate Surface Waves for Radar Stealth in the Microwave Regime","authors":"Lingxi Huang, Rongzhi Zhao, Lianze Ji, Jiachang Ruan, Xuefeng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400276","url":null,"abstract":"Although the conversion of propagating waves into surface waves is anticipated to introduce a novel degree of freedom for radar stealth materials, the manipulation of wavelength and traveling direction of surface waves at small phase gradients remains unclear. Here the aforementioned conversion is demonstrated utilizing a metamaterial composed of carbonyl iron powders, where the momentum mismatch is compensated by the material and the phase gradient index of the aligned meta−atoms. Surface waves are generated in the direction of the phase gradient within a phase span of 180°. The metamaterials with 5−level metastructure (5x:1x) generate surface waves with two wavelengths, and get the <jats:italic>ξ/k<jats:sub>0</jats:sub></jats:italic> value (ratio of the phase gradient index to the wave vectors of propagating wave) of 7.5 and 4.32, respectively. Furthermore, the dual phase gradient metastructure possesses the capability to alter the trajectory of the leaky microwave, converting it into a waveform resembling that of a vortex, while simultaneously preserving the integrity of surface waves. The sample achieves an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.67–7.96 and 20.19–21.10 GHz with an optimal absorption peak of −40.77 dB at 6.87 GHz. Present study develops a novel mechanism to improve the radar stealth properties of microwave absorption materials.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liquid Metal Hydrothermal Rheological Modification Method for High Performance Gallium‐Coated Carbon Microparticle Composites","authors":"Xiao‐Ping Zhou, Zheng Luo, Dong‐Xu Yang","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400737","url":null,"abstract":"Gallium‐based liquid metal (LM) is widely used in flexible electronics, optics, and green synthesis due to its excellent conductivity, flexibility, and self‐healing capabilities. However, LM's inherent fluidity and high surface tension greatly limit their practical applications. Therefore, there is a strong demand for developing LM composites that are easy to control and exhibit outstanding performance when used flexibly. In this work, the LM hydrothermal rheological modification method is proposed to synthesize Ga‐coated carbon microparticles, and the highly miscible rheological modification of LM is realized by mixing LM and Ga‐coated carbon microparticles. Including carbon microparticles in the LM improves the mechanical strength of the composite, thereby overcoming the limitation of the LM that has a low mechanical strength. By controlling the volume fraction of carbon microparticles in LM, electrical conductivity is increased by 30% and thermal conductivity by more than 2.0 times that of pure LM. In addition, the fundamental interfacial wetting behavior is demonstrated at the interface of LM and Ga<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3,</jats:sub> and the rheological modification mechanism of LM is explained by carbon particles. This work presents a novel method for preparing high‐performance polymer materials and discusses their broad potential applications in thermal interface materials, wireless energy transfer, and flexible electronics.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolina del Real Mata, Sripadh Guptha Yedire, Mahsa Jalali, Roozbeh Siavash Moakhar, Tamer AbdElFatah, Jashandeep Kaur, Ziwei He, Sara Mahshid
{"title":"AI‐Assisted Plasmonic Enhanced Colorimetric Fluidic Device for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection from Cancer Cells","authors":"Carolina del Real Mata, Sripadh Guptha Yedire, Mahsa Jalali, Roozbeh Siavash Moakhar, Tamer AbdElFatah, Jashandeep Kaur, Ziwei He, Sara Mahshid","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400633","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) is an essential molecule to various physiological processes and is commonly used for the detection and monitoring of glucose and cell viability. Furthermore, it is identified as a signal of oncogenic growth due to its widespread presence within the cancer cell environment. However, the low concentrations of H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2 </jats:sub>released by cancer cells' metabolism challenge current detection methods' capabilities and their practicality for translation to clinical applications. Colorimetric assays with simple readouts are a promising solution, provided that their sensitivity and rapidity in detecting H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> improve. Here, a plasmonic enhanced nanopatterned platform is proposed coupled with an Amplex Red assay to monitor the color change of H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> released from cancer cells. The nanopatterned platform embedded into a multiplexed microfluidic device enhances the kinetics of the reaction ≈7 times. This approach has reached a limit of detection of 1 p<jats:sc>m</jats:sc> when tested in breast (MCF‐7) and prostate (PC‐3) cancer media. The collected color images are processed and analyzed by a machine learning algorithm that categorizes them into “high” or “low‐to‐no” concentrations of H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2 </jats:sub>with 91% accuracy. This study is a step toward developing a device for highly sensitive H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2 </jats:sub>detection that is easily adaptable, user‐friendly, portable, and automated.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toughening Ceramic Joints through Strategic Fracture Path Control","authors":"Jian Feng, Marion Herrmann, Antonio Hurtado","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400535","url":null,"abstract":"Ceramic-on-ceramic joints are notorious for their inherent brittleness, posing challenges for high-performance applications. To address this, a novel approach is proposed to enhance the involvement of filler metals during fracture. This study investigates the controlled initiation and propagation of cracks in Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> joints through a strategic combination of laser pre-cracking, laser patterning, and laser active brazing techniques. By introducing pre-cracking and African daisy-like patterning, crack propagation dynamics are altered, with cracks initially confined within pre-crack regions before navigating through pattern intrusions. Additionally, laser active brazing effectively managed titanium diffusion, optimizing interface strength control. Evaluation via SEVNB tests demonstrated a significant enhancement in fracture toughness, achieving maximal 25.6 ± 4.6 MPa·m<sup>0.5</sup> compared to ≈3–5 MPa·m<sup>0.5</sup> for alumina ribbons. This integrated approach offers precise control over fracture paths, thereby augmenting the performance of ceramic-on-ceramic joints, and holds promise for advancing their applications in demanding environments.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Very High Temperature Hall Sensors in a Wafer‐Scale 4H‐SiC Technology","authors":"Hesham Okeil, Tobias Erlbacher, Gerhard Wachutka","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400046","url":null,"abstract":"4H‐SiC is a key enabler for realizing integrated electronics operating in harsh environments, which exhibit very high temperatures. Through advances in 4H‐SiC process technology, different sensor and circuit types have been demonstrated to operate stable at temperatures as high as 800 °C, paving the way toward harsh‐environment immune smart sensors. In this work, for the first time the operation of ion‐implanted 4H‐SiC Hall sensors realized in a wafer scale Bipolar‐CMOS‐DMOS technology is demonstrated at a wide operation temperature range spanning room temperature up to 500 °C in addition to short‐term operation up to 600 °C. The temperature‐dependent sensor characteristics of 15–22 samples are evaluated in terms of sensitivity and noise. The small inter‐device variations reflect the stability of the used process for very high temperature Hall sensors. The noise‐limited detectivity is further evaluated, revealing a best value of 950 nT/ and a mean detectivity of 1 µT/ at 500 °C. This is the best value reported up to date for very high temperature Hall sensors, besides being the first demonstration of ion‐implanted wide‐bandgap Hall sensors. Overall, the results reflect the potential of the demonstrated Hall sensors for the next generation of integrated magnetic field sensors in harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Si Nanorod Array Integrated Microfluidic Device for Enhanced Extracellular Vesicle Isolation","authors":"Hanyue Kang, Cheng Li, Wenfei Liu, Tongqing Yang, Liang Ma, Na Sun, Xiaobin Xu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400294","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted tremendous interest as one of the early cancer diagnostic markers. The major obstacle preventing EV‐based liquid biopsy is the efficient collection of EVs from the complex body fluid environment. This paper introduces a nanorod‐integrated microfluidic chip capable of immunoaffinity‐isolating EVs. Periodic silicon nanorod arrays in zigzag channels are prepared by nanosphere lithography. Nanorod sidewalls provide larger binding sites for antibodies, and their close interspacing to the EV sizes improves the binding probability. The fluid simulation results show that the significant increase in isolation efficiency also comes from the liquid perturbation enhanced by the particular nanorod arrangement. Under optimal operating conditions, plasma samples from patients (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 14) with different types of cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma) to the chip for EV isolation is applied. In this proof‐of‐concept study, the expression level of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in isolated EVs is then quantified using droplet digital PCR, showing good diagnostic performance in cancer detection.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navid Sharif, Teymoor Ghanbari, Zahra Hosseini, Kourosh Shahbazi, Abbas Mehraban
{"title":"Adaptation of Triboelectric Nanogenerators to the Integrated Energy Storages by a Textured Multi‐Segment Structure","authors":"Navid Sharif, Teymoor Ghanbari, Zahra Hosseini, Kourosh Shahbazi, Abbas Mehraban","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400579","url":null,"abstract":"High‐level voltage and extremely low current are the main characteristics of Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENGs). Despite TENGs, their Integrated Energy Storage (IES) units like supercapacitors and battery units require low‐level voltage and a high amount of current for self‐charging power applications. Using proper materials with higher triboelectric charge density is the most common approach to enhance the output current of TENGs. However, this approach alone does not satisfy the requirement of the integrated energy storage units, in which a relatively low voltage along with a sufficiently high current is needed. Consequently, alternative approaches such as employing a power management circuitry have been proposed. This paper introduces a technique based on the texture of multiple TENGs with identical small surface areas to adapt the TENGs to their IESs, specifically tailored for wearable electronics. Some experiments are conducted to evaluate the merits and limitations of the proposed approach. The experimental and analytical results are thoroughly analyzed to show the capabilities and restrictions of the method.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric S. Chen, Alaleh Ahmadianshalchi, Sonja S. Sparks, Chuchu Chen, Aryan Deshwal, Janardhan R. Doppa, Kaiyan Qiu
{"title":"Machine Learning Enabled Design and Optimization for 3D‐Printing of High‐Fidelity Presurgical Organ Models","authors":"Eric S. Chen, Alaleh Ahmadianshalchi, Sonja S. Sparks, Chuchu Chen, Aryan Deshwal, Janardhan R. Doppa, Kaiyan Qiu","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400037","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a general‐purpose machine learning algorithm capable of quickly identifying optimal 3D‐printing settings can save manufacturing time and cost, reduce labor intensity, and improve the quality of 3D‐printed objects. Existing methods have limitations which focus on overall performance or one specific aspect of 3D‐printing quality. Here, for addressing the limitations, a multi‐objective Bayesian Optimization (BO) approach which uses a general‐purpose algorithm to optimize the black‐box functions is demonstrated and identifies the optimal input parameters of direct ink writing for 3D‐printing different presurgical organ models with intricate geometry. The BO approach enhances the 3D‐printing efficiency to achieve the best possible printed object quality while simultaneously addressing the inherent trade‐offs from the process of pursuing ideal outcomes relevant to requirements from practitioners. The BO approach also enables us to effectively explore 3D‐printing inputs inclusive of layer height, nozzle travel speed, and dispensing pressure, as well as visualize the trade‐offs between each set of 3D‐printing inputs in terms of the output objectives which consist of time, porosity, and geometry precisions through the Pareto front.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tetherless Reconfigurations at Actuator‐Structure Interfaces","authors":"Bok Seng Yeow, Yang Yang, Hongliang Ren","doi":"10.1002/admt.202400707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.202400707","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable structures can perform multiple functions and are useful in confined environments with complicated access. To extend the complexity of configurations achievable with reconfigurable mechanisms, remotely reconfigurable mechanisms are explored. Magnetically responsive phase change materials are selected for actuation, and origami backbones as the structure. Modulating the mechanism's coupling and constraints, multiple configurations are achieved. Three functional aspects of in situ reconfiguration are demonstrated. First, selective attachment and actuation enable remote mechanisms to deploy and actuate. Second, reconfiguration that modifies the constraints allows for new kinematics even in confined environments. Third, the actuator can construct and change the configuration of an origami structure, allowing subsequent functions to emerge. Tetherless interface reconfiguration is demonstrated with an in situ needle puncture and escape room puzzle, which can benefit existing robotic applications in confined spaces.","PeriodicalId":7200,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Materials & Technologies","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141937595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}