Additive manufacturing最新文献_第3页

Automated desktop wiring of micromodular electronic systems with submicron electrohydrodynamic jet printed interconnects 采用亚微米电流体动力喷射打印互连的微模块电子系统的自动化桌面布线

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104830

Kaifan Yue , Rebecca K. Banner , Siddharth Kurup , Hubert N. Elly , Eric M. Vogel , Michael A. Filler , Kira Barton

{"title":"Automated desktop wiring of micromodular electronic systems with submicron electrohydrodynamic jet printed interconnects","authors":"Kaifan Yue , Rebecca K. Banner , Siddharth Kurup , Hubert N. Elly , Eric M. Vogel , Michael A. Filler , Kira Barton","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wiring microscale modular electrical components into functional circuits presents significant challenges in fabricating high-resolution interconnects through contactless, maskless processes and aligning them reliably with imprecisely placed components. This work introduces an integrated, desktop-scale process flow for assembling high-performance micromodular electronic systems, by synergistically combining: (1) modularized components for seamless electrical interconnection under ambient conditions, (2) vision-assisted adaptive routing to compensate for irregular placement and orientation, and (3) electrohydrodynamic jet printing for submicron-resolution interconnect fabrication. Physical interface requirements (e.g., approach angle, overlay count, continuation length, and deviation tolerance) and process constraints (e.g., nozzle idle time, crosstalk spacing, and stage acceleration limits) are embedded directly into routing algorithms to ensure reliable, high-quality interconnect formation. Statistical evaluation demonstrates high routing feasibility and runtime efficiency across varying circuit complexities and layout conditions. Experimental validation using micromodular n-MOSFETs as building blocks successfully assembled transistor test structures and depletion-load nMOS inverters, achieving 650nm interconnect resolution, 82% device-level yield, and excellent transistor characteristics including sub-1V threshold voltages and electron mobilities exceeding 600 cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>/(V<span><math><mi>⋅</mi></math></span>s). This adaptive, process-aware routing framework advances the integration of additive manufacturing and modular microelectronics, paving the way for scalable, robust, and highly customizable electronic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104830"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A reduced-order modelling procedure for estimating residual stress and distortion in fusion-based metal AM parts 一种用于估计熔合金属增材制造零件残余应力和变形的降阶建模方法

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104856

Zetao Jin , Pingsha Dong

{"title":"A reduced-order modelling procedure for estimating residual stress and distortion in fusion-based metal AM parts","authors":"Zetao Jin , Pingsha Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a growing interest in understanding and estimating residual stress and distortion in fusion-based metal additive manufacturing (AM) to support process qualification and part certification. This paper presents a reduced-order modeling procedure that provides deeper insights into the residual stress development process and improves computational efficiency by identifying two key parameters that have controlling effects on both the final residual stress state and resulting distortion. One is the plastic zone consisting of both the deposition fusion zone and a region around it and the other is the limit elastic strain state within the plastic zone. A set of closed-form solutions is derived for estimating both the plastic zone boundary and the elastic strain limit. With both parameters being determined, a novel shrinkage strain method is presented for performing simplified finite element simulations of some typical metal AM pass depositions and 3D build scenarios. Validations are then performed by comparing the results obtained from the proposed reduced-order modeling procedure and those from detailed time-history-based thermoplasticity simulations and experimental measurements, demonstrating the effectiveness and computational efficiency of the proposed procedure. This approach provides a practical tool for rapid residual stress estimation and a more comprehensive understanding of residual stress evolution in AM processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104856"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiphysics modelling of pulsed-wave laser powder bed fusion 脉冲波激光粉末床熔合的多物理场建模

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104833

Xueyu Bai , Chao Tang , Shubo Gao , Van-Thai Tran , Kun Zhou , Hejun Du

{"title":"Multiphysics modelling of pulsed-wave laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Xueyu Bai , Chao Tang , Shubo Gao , Van-Thai Tran , Kun Zhou , Hejun Du","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fundamental understanding of process–structure–property correlations is crucial for improving the performances of metallic materials produced by additive manufacturing. In the laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) process, compared to the conventional continuous-wave mode, the implementation of pulsed-wave mode has advantages such as less heat accumulation, fast cooling rates, and improved mechanical properties. However, the correlations between process parameters and as-built quality remain underexplored for pulsed-wave PBF-LB. In this study, we fill this gap by developing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model coupled with a cellular automaton (CA) model to investigate the influence of pulsed-wave laser on heat transfer and microstructure evolution in the melt pool. Several parameter sets, including varying frequencies and scanning speeds, were arranged to conduct numerical simulations and to print both single-track and cubic stainless steel 316L samples for experimental validation. The predicted surface roughness, melt pool depth, print defects, cellular structures, and grain structures show good agreement with experimental measurements, with a maximum relative error of 17 %. In our demonstration cases, the application of a pulsed-wave laser increases the cooling rate by at least 9 %. The cooling rate increases at an approximate rate of 0.5 K/s·Hz with decreasing laser frequency, leading to the formation of finer cellular and grain structures. This research offers new insights into the role of pulsed-wave PBF-LB in reducing process defects, controlling microstructures, and enhancing material properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104833"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of the high-viscosity fluid transient flow for material deposition in direct ink writing 直墨书写中材料沉积的高粘度流体瞬态流动建模

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104836

James Lorenz , Matthew Hildner , William van den Bogert , Bizhong Zhu , Stanley Yee , Nima Fazeli , Albert J. Shih

{"title":"Modeling of the high-viscosity fluid transient flow for material deposition in direct ink writing","authors":"James Lorenz , Matthew Hildner , William van den Bogert , Bizhong Zhu , Stanley Yee , Nima Fazeli , Albert J. Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A transient flow model is developed to predict the flow of high-viscosity fluid dispensing for precision direct ink writing (DIW) in additive manufacturing. Models for pump deformation and fluid friction to accurately predict flow of a high-viscosity non-Newtonian fluid through a progressive cavity pump, static mixer, and a tapered nozzle are created. Inside the progressive cavity pump, the effect of elastic deformation on modeling high-viscosity fluid transient flow is included. Based on the Characteristic Method (CM) and boundary conditions for DIW, the continuity and momentum equations are numerically solved. Using deformation modeling and CM, the transient response of the DIW system to the input volumetric flow rate is modeled for both a pipe and static mixer. The transient response of the DIW output volumetric flow rate is recorded using flow and pressure sensors and found to match the flow model. The deformation and CM models are applied to predict the swelling of a 90° corner DIW tool path from trapezoidal motion planning with accelerations from 100 to 2000 mm/s<sup>2</sup>. Predicted corner swelling is matched with the actual corner swelling via image processing of the 90° corner. The corner swelling is significant, ranging from 0.76 to 0.37 mm for a line width of 0.25 mm and a height of 0.15 mm, and represents the model’s ability to quantify print errors. This study demonstrates that the flow model can accurately predict the transient response of the DIW volumetric flow rate, which is foundational to high-fidelity flow control and compensation in precision DIW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104836"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of remelting sequence on defect generation and high-temperature mechanical properties in laser powder bed fusion of IN718 alloys 重熔顺序对IN718合金激光粉末床熔焊缺陷产生及高温力学性能的影响

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104854

Fuzhong Chu , Shun Wu , Haopeng Shen , Hongyu Yan , Yaping Wu , Xianfa Xu , Hao Zhang , Aijun Huang , Ruiping Zou , Xinhua Wu , Zongyan Zhou

{"title":"Influence of remelting sequence on defect generation and high-temperature mechanical properties in laser powder bed fusion of IN718 alloys","authors":"Fuzhong Chu , Shun Wu , Haopeng Shen , Hongyu Yan , Yaping Wu , Xianfa Xu , Hao Zhang , Aijun Huang , Ruiping Zou , Xinhua Wu , Zongyan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The laser multiple melting strategy is commonly employed in the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process to reduce porosity levels and optimize mechanical properties. However, the influence of the temporal sequences of energy input has received limited attention, despite their potential to control defect generation and microstructure evolution. Therefore, in this work, two specific remelting sequences were investigated, referred to here as the preheating strategy (a low-energy first scan followed by a high-energy second scan) and the remelting (a high-energy first scan followed by a low-energy second scan) strategy. The findings indicated that defect generation and surface roughness are highly sensitive to variations in the remelting sequences, demonstrating that samples subjected to the remelting strategy exhibit significantly lower porosity levels. The simulations revealed that the defects in the preheating strategy originate from insufficient melting between layers and rough top surfaces caused by inadequate melt pool flow. Additionally, the samples subjected to the remelting strategy exhibited superior high-temperature mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 959.7 MPa, yield strength of 792.0 MPa, and outstanding elongation of 23.1 % along the building direction after heat treatment. This enhancement was attributed to the increased geometrically necessary dislocation density induced by fine carbides measuring 0.9 μm. This study offers valuable insights into the laser multiple melting process, providing a foundation for future research aimed at optimizing mechanical properties in the LPBF process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104854"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

X-ray computed tomography investigation on the geopolymer matrix formation during the binder jetting additive manufacturing process 粘结剂喷射增材制造过程中地聚合物基质形成的x射线计算机断层扫描研究

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104852

J. Adrien , H. Elsayed , F. Gobbin , A. Italiano , E. Maire , P. Colombo

{"title":"X-ray computed tomography investigation on the geopolymer matrix formation during the binder jetting additive manufacturing process","authors":"J. Adrien , H. Elsayed , F. Gobbin , A. Italiano , E. Maire , P. Colombo","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the geopolymerization mechanism in a binder jetting additive manufacturing system, where a highly alkaline solution is deposited onto a powder bed comprising sand and metakaolin. Two individual alkaline solutions, sodium- and potassium-based, were systematically compared, along with tap water, to interpret processes governing the formation of the geopolymer gel and the subsequent hardening of printed components. Nondestructive volume analysis via X-ray computed tomography was employed to characterize the multiscale structure of the powder bed, while real-time monitoring of alkaline solution–powder bed interactions provided insights into the reaction kinetics as well as material consolidation, from droplet impact to formation of the geopolymer matrix. The results demonstrate successful activation of metakaolin without mechanical mixing, achieved using a large-scale 3D printer with a voxel resolution of 3.0 × 3.0 × 3.0 mm³ , facilitating the production of large-volume geopolymer components, with an appropriate compressive strength of ∼20 MPa, suitable for structural applications. Moreover, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy proved the change in the coordination states of aluminium ions, shifting from mixed four-, five-, and six-coordination in metakaolin to predominantly tetrahedral coordination in the final geopolymer. These findings provide critical insights into the microstructural evolution and reaction mechanisms in binder jetting-based geopolymerization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104852"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical and experimental investigation of laser-assisted fused filament fabrication of carbon fibre reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composites: Temperature field evolution and crystallisation behaviours 激光辅助熔丝制备碳纤维增强聚醚-醚-酮复合材料的数值与实验研究：温度场演化与结晶行为

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104853

Wenhan Qiu , Yingdan Zhu , Pengcheng Shi , Xiaocheng Yu , Kok hoong Wong , Dongxi Lv , Gang Chen , Jian Yang

{"title":"Numerical and experimental investigation of laser-assisted fused filament fabrication of carbon fibre reinforced polyether-ether-ketone composites: Temperature field evolution and crystallisation behaviours","authors":"Wenhan Qiu , Yingdan Zhu , Pengcheng Shi , Xiaocheng Yu , Kok hoong Wong , Dongxi Lv , Gang Chen , Jian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a parameterised finite element modelling approach to predict the temperature field evolution and crystallisation behaviour of short carbon fibre reinforced polyether-ether-ketone (SCF/PEEK) during laser-assisted fused filament fabrication (LAFFF). The model innovatively integrates dynamic laser-nozzle heat sources with the melting-crystallisation kinetics of materials, which effectively addresses the longstanding issues of thermal imbalance and non-uniform crystal distribution in composites additive manufacturing. Validated through thermocouple measurements, infrared monitoring, and differential scanning calorimetry, the framework achieves predictive accuracy within ± 5 % for average relative crystallinity and ± 20 % for crystal variance. This research uncovers the crucial role of laser induced through-thickness heat transfer, a characteristic that has not been previously evident in conventional FFF. The results show that optimised auxiliary heating parameters, with ambient temperatures ranging from 75–110 °C and laser power between 2–3 W, create a process window that balances crystallinity enhancement with defect mitigation. Laser preheating generates transient temperature cycles, prolonging the exposure of the material near the crystallisation peak temperature of 235 °C. Meanwhile, elevated ambient temperatures decrease thermal gradients, together expanding the crystallisation window. This synergistic effect boosts the average relative crystallinity by 60 %–82 % compared to conventional rapid - cooling FFF, reaching values similar to those of industrial - grade 3D printing systems. These insights pave the way for the optimisation of thermal conditions in LAFFF, reducing dependence on high-temperature equipment and expanding the applicability of SCF/PEEK 3D printing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104853"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the impact of volumetric additive manufacturing of photo-crosslinkable gelatin on mesenchymal stromal cell behavior and differentiation 探讨光交联明胶体积增材制造对间充质间质细胞行为和分化的影响

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104850

Nele Pien , Bryan Bogaert , Marguerite Meeremans , Cezar-Stefan Popovici , Peter Dubruel , Catharina De Schauwer , Sandra Van Vlierberghe

{"title":"Exploring the impact of volumetric additive manufacturing of photo-crosslinkable gelatin on mesenchymal stromal cell behavior and differentiation","authors":"Nele Pien , Bryan Bogaert , Marguerite Meeremans , Cezar-Stefan Popovici , Peter Dubruel , Catharina De Schauwer , Sandra Van Vlierberghe","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates photo-crosslinkable gelatin-based hydrogels - thiolated gelatin (GelSH) and gelatin norbornene (GelNB) - for volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM). GelSH was synthesized with degrees of thiol substitution (DS) of 39 %, 54 %, and 63 %, and GelNB with a DS of 60 % (with respect to primary amine content). These were combined into GelNB-GelSH photo-resins at 5, 7.5, and 10 % (w/v) and crosslinked via thiol-ene chemistry. Physico-chemical analysis showed that increasing DS and polymer concentration reduced swelling and increased moduli. VAM enabled the fabrication of high-resolution 3D hydrogel constructs from optimized formulations, demonstrating the ability to encapsulate mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) within a mechanically tunable, cell-supportive hydrogel environment. Film-cast hydrogels, also with embedded MSCs, served as comparative controls. VAM-printed constructs exhibited significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition, indicating enhanced osteogenesis. In contrast, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation were more pronounced in film-cast samples, due to their lower crosslinking density and stiffness. These findings emphasize the importance of matrix mechanics in guiding stem cell differentiation and demonstrate the potential of VAM for producing complex, functional scaffolds for tissue engineering. This work supports further development of tunable gelatin-based bioresins for applications requiring lineage-specific differentiation, including those targeting softer tissue types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104850"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient continuum-based modelling and analysis of polymer SLS: Insights into particle sintering and densification in straight and corner scanning passes 高效的基于连续体的聚合物SLS建模和分析：直扫和角扫过程中颗粒烧结和致密化的见解

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104828

J. Hesselvig, R.T. Nygaard, M.K. Budzik, M. Sandberg

{"title":"Efficient continuum-based modelling and analysis of polymer SLS: Insights into particle sintering and densification in straight and corner scanning passes","authors":"J. Hesselvig, R.T. Nygaard, M.K. Budzik, M. Sandberg","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is a widely used additive manufacturing technique that enables the production of complex polymer components. However, the sintering process involves complex thermal and material flow interactions that influence densification, shrinkage, and hence final part quality. This study presents a novel continuum-based numerical model for polymer SLS, validated through experimental investigations using PA12 powder. The model captures key sintering characteristics, including heat accumulation, powder shrinkage, and densification, at a fraction of the computational cost of traditional Discrete Element Method (DEM) approaches. A key finding of this study is the identification of oversintering effects at sharp corners, where heat accumulation leads to increased strand width and unexpected material redistribution—an effect not previously reported in the literature. Experimental validation confirmed good agreement with numerical predictions. However, deviations in strand thickness at sharp corners suggest that capillary-driven melt redistribution may play a role, which cannot be captured without resorting to more computationally intensive particle-level models. This work demonstrates the potential of continuum-based modelling for predicting sintering behaviour in SLS while maintaining computational efficiency. The model offers a valuable tool for exploring process parameters and optimising print path strategies, ultimately contributing to industrialisation of polymer SLS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104828"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nano/micro-structured polymer-derived SiBCN ceramics via two-photon lithography 基于双光子光刻技术的纳米/微结构聚合物衍生的SiBCN陶瓷

IF 10.3 1区工程技术

Additive manufacturing Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2025.104849

Yanpei Dang , Zhao Xu , Ka-Wai Yeung , Zhanchen Zhu , Jiaqi Sun , Suet To , Chak-Yin Tang , Yujie Song , Haihui Ruan

{"title":"Nano/micro-structured polymer-derived SiBCN ceramics via two-photon lithography","authors":"Yanpei Dang , Zhao Xu , Ka-Wai Yeung , Zhanchen Zhu , Jiaqi Sun , Suet To , Chak-Yin Tang , Yujie Song , Haihui Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.addma.2025.104849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Printed microstructures face challenges when their applications require excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability at high temperatures. To maximize the service temperatures of printed microstructures, this study introduces a printable ceramic precursor for deriving SiBCN microstructures. The precursor possesses a high photosensitivity and high ceramic yield (76 wt%) because of the graft of acrylate and an increase of crosslinking degree, which is achieved by functionalizing polyborosilazane with 2-Isocyanatoethyl acrylate via nucleophilic addition reaction. The composition and chemical structure of the precursor and ceramic have been meticulously characterized. Moreover, a kinetics model has been established to describe the weight loss in pyrolysis, illuminating that the polymer-to-ceramic conversion is a diffusion-mediated growth process. Through two-photon lithography and pyrolysis, the photosensitive precursor can directly lead to SiBCN nano/microstructures with complex shapes and submicron (linewidth: ∼700 nm) features, which are the smallest SiBCN structures reported to date. At these microscales, it is revealed that shrinkage during pyrolysis is anisotropic and surface-area dependent and that the printed SiBCN micropillars can have an exceptional compressive strength of 3.59 ± 0.08 GPa. The potential applications of printed SiBCN microstructures were explored, including high-temperature embossing stamps for microlens and structural-color fabrication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7172,"journal":{"name":"Additive manufacturing","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 104849"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0