Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica最新文献_第8页

Fighting Behaviour of Male Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Lineages 雄性洋葱蓟马的打斗行为，烟蓟马(蓟翅目:蓟马科)系

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.011

W. A. Woldemelak

{"title":"Fighting Behaviour of Male Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Lineages","authors":"W. A. Woldemelak","doi":"10.1556/038.55.2020.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.55.2020.011","url":null,"abstract":"Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has three distinctive reproductive modes: arrhenotokous, thelytokous and deuterotokous. This experiment was focused on the arrhenotokous leek-(L1) and tobacco-associated (T) T. tabaci lineages. These two lineages are distinctively varied genetically and in host adaptations. L1 and T lineages perform better on leek and tobacco plants, respectively. Fighting occurs between males when they compete for food, mating, and oviposition sites. The aim of this research was to examine the fighting behaviour and characterize the fighting elements of males in L1 and T lineages. The experiment was performed in the laboratory by using a Euromex VC.3036 video camera and each experiment was recorded for a duration of 10 minutes. Transparent PCR tube caps formed the arena to observe the fighting interactions in both lineages. A total of 40 video recordings have been observed and each recording had a different arena. The fighting performance was observed at 2, 5, 8, 10, 12 days old specimens in four replications. This result has shown L1 lineage had better fighting performance and a more aggressive fighting ability than T lineage. Antennal bouts, jumping, flipping, stabbing and pitching are the most commonly observed fighting elements.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48993754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

In memoriam Steven J. Seybold 纪念史蒂文·J·赛博尔德

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.100

引用次数: 0

Identification of Barley Lines with Resistance to Powdery Mildew Based on Seedling and Adult Plant Responses 基于幼苗和成株反应的大麦抗白粉病品系鉴定

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.001

M. Arabi, M. Jawhar, E. Al-shehadah

{"title":"Identification of Barley Lines with Resistance to Powdery Mildew Based on Seedling and Adult Plant Responses","authors":"M. Arabi, M. Jawhar, E. Al-shehadah","doi":"10.1556/038.55.2020.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.55.2020.001","url":null,"abstract":"Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) is a major fungal disease of barley causing economical yield losses worldwide. Breeding for resistance to this disease is crucial due to the rapid change in pathotype patterns of B. graminis in fields. In the present work, powdery mildew-resistant barley germplasm was developed by crossing four cultivars currently used in Europe and West Asia. Out of 265 doubled haploid lines derived from these crosses, 40 lines were evaluated at seedling and adult stages. Data showed significant differences among barley lines with a continuum of resistance levels ranging from highly susceptible to tolerant which were consistent during the two growth stages. Two promising lines were more tolerant to powdery disease than the others. Across lines, there was a high correlation between field and greenhouse reaction (r=0.80, P<0.01), indicating the utility of greenhouse evaluations for screening barley for powdery mildew. This study suggests that, the newly identified resistance lines can serve as potential donors for ongoing powdery mildew resistance breeding program, and both types of seedling and adult plant resistance identified here can offer promising genetic stocks for accumulating both resistances to acquire durable resistance and long lasting control against B. graminis in Mediterranean and similar environments.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44713513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Rediscovery of Cenopalpus lineola (Canestrini and Fanzago, 1876) in Hungary (Acari Tenuipalpidae) 在匈牙利重新发现线腹蛛（Canestrini和Fanzago，1876）（圆腹蛛科）

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.007

J. Kontschán, E. Kiss, G. Ripka

引用次数: 2

Sanitation of Autochthonous Grapevine Varieties from Algeria by Chemotherapy 化疗对阿尔及利亚本地葡萄品种卫生的影响

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.013

N. Aiter, A. Lehad, B. Haddad, A. Taibi, S. Meziani, M. Rabhi, L. Khelifi, C. Chaouia

引用次数: 1

Susceptibility of Avocado Fruit to Scirtothrips aurantii Faure (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Wind Scarring Damage in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa 南非林波波省和夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省牛油果对金蓟马病的易感性及风疤痕害的研究

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.006

G. Bara, M. Laing

{"title":"Susceptibility of Avocado Fruit to Scirtothrips aurantii Faure (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Wind Scarring Damage in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa","authors":"G. Bara, M. Laing","doi":"10.1556/038.55.2020.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.55.2020.006","url":null,"abstract":"In South Africa, the avocado (Persea americana) is an important fruit, grown primarily for export and contributing ZAR 1.75 billion to the gross domestic product of the country. As an export driven industry, optimising exportable avocado fruit volume is a primary concern. Wind induced abrasion and damage by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), through their feeding on avocado fruit results in corky tissue development (scarring) and making the fruit unsuitable for export. The study aimed to determine the economic losses caused by these agents as well as assess different cultivar responses to scarring damage. Across cultivars, the 1.49% revenue annually due to Scirtothrips aurantii downgrading (3.86% loss factor), translating to ZAR 34.90 million (US$2.39 million). Packhouse study results showed that both thrips and wind abrasion damage accounted for 30% scarring damage, a loss factor of 13.72% and a combined revenue loss of 5.57%. The cultivar ‘Pinkerton’ showed the greatest susceptibility to scarring damage by both wind and S. aurantii whilst the cultivar ‘Carmen®-Hass’ showed a natural predisposition to higher levels of thrips damage. The presence of macadamia trees near avocado trees predisposes avocado fruit to S. aurantii damage.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46113051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Eriophyoid Mites (Acariformes: Eriophyoidea) Collected from Phyllostachys spp. in Hungary 从匈牙利的Phyllotachys spp.采集的Eriophyoid Mites（Acariformes:Eriophyidea）

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.003

G. Ripka, E. Kiss, J. Kontschán, A. Neményi, Á. Szabó

引用次数: 4

In vitro Antagonistic Activity of Diverse Bacillus Species Against Cochliobolus sativus (Common Root Rot) of Barley 不同芽孢杆菌对大麦根腐病的体外拮抗作用

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI: 10.1556/038.55.2020.012

M. Harba, M. Jawhar, M. Arabi

{"title":"In vitro Antagonistic Activity of Diverse Bacillus Species Against Cochliobolus sativus (Common Root Rot) of Barley","authors":"M. Harba, M. Jawhar, M. Arabi","doi":"10.1556/038.55.2020.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.55.2020.012","url":null,"abstract":"Antagonistic microorganisms have been used as biological control agents to reduce the use of chemical fungicides in the control of crop diseases. The present work was conducted to determine the antagonistic potential of Bacillus sp. isolates against the soil-borne fungus Cochliobolus sativus, the causal agent of barley common root (CRR) disease. Out of 525 isolates, 40 were showed in vitro antagonistic activity against the virulent C. sativus isolate CRR16. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing Bacillus sp. isolates are identified as B. atrophaeus, B. subtilis, Paenibacillus polymyxa, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. simplex and B. tequilensis. Results showed that Bacillus sp. had significant (P<0.05) antagonistic activities against the C. sativus where the percentage of radial growth inhibition of the fungi colonies ranged from 59 to 92%, compared to the untreated control. The B. subtilis isolate SY41B had the highest inhibition effect on the vegetative growth zones as compared with the other species isolates. In view of these, our results indicate that the antagonistic effect of the Bacillus sp. isolates may be important contributors as a biocontrol approach that could be employed as a part of integrated CRR management system.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48640249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effect of different inoculum levels ofMeloidogyne incognita, Alternaria dauciandRhizoctonia solanion the growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid content and disease progression of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) 不同接种量的根结线虫、链格孢和丝核菌对胡萝卜生长、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量及疾病进展的影响

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1556/038.54.2019.025

L. Ahmad, Z. Siddiqui

{"title":"Effect of different inoculum levels ofMeloidogyne incognita, Alternaria dauciandRhizoctonia solanion the growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid content and disease progression of carrot (Daucus carotaL.)","authors":"L. Ahmad, Z. Siddiqui","doi":"10.1556/038.54.2019.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.54.2019.025","url":null,"abstract":"The economic threshold level of Meloidogyne incognita, Alternaria dauci and Rhizoctonia solani were determined on carrot (Daucus carota L.) under greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that plant length, plant fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, chlorophyll and carotenoid decreased progressively with the corresponding increase in the inoculum levels of each pathogen. The significant reduction in plant growth parameters, chlorophyll and carotenoid occurred when 2000 or more second stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita, 1.0 g or more inoculum of A. dauci or R. solani per kg soil were inoculated. Maximum reduction in plant growth attributes, chlorophyll and carotenoid occurred at the highest inoculum level of the test pathogens. Increase in the inoculum level of M. incognita caused an increase in the number of root galls, while the multiplication of nematode was found inversely related to the inoculum density. The increase in the inoculum levels of A. dauci and R. solani resulted in a progressive increase in leaf blight and crown rot indices and caused a higher reduction in plant growth parameters. The damaging threshold level of M. incognita was 2000 J2 per kg soil while 1.0 g per kg soil of A. dauci or R. solani was threshold level on carrot. The assessment of infestation levels of test pathogens will enable growers to cost-effectively select and implement the management tactics.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46024909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

In search of co-attractants for cetoniin scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae): Identification and preliminary field evaluation of volatiles from fermenting apple 寻找蜂蜡素圣甲虫(鞘翅目:圣甲虫科，圣甲虫科)的共引诱剂:发酵苹果挥发物的鉴定与初步田间评价

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1556/038.54.2019.020

J. Vuts, Lohonyai Zsófia, Z. Imrei, É. Csonka, M. Birkett, M. Tóth

{"title":"In search of co-attractants for cetoniin scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae): Identification and preliminary field evaluation of volatiles from fermenting apple","authors":"J. Vuts, Lohonyai Zsófia, Z. Imrei, É. Csonka, M. Birkett, M. Tóth","doi":"10.1556/038.54.2019.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/038.54.2019.020","url":null,"abstract":"When applied in funnel traps, the known three-component floral lure of Cetonia a. aurata and Potosia cuprea attracts large numbers of beetles. Further increasing the attractive power of these traps offers the opportunity to develop a more potent mass-trapping tool that directly reduces local scarab populations and, hence, fruit damage. The current study was initiated by the observation of adult beetles aggregating and feeding in large numbers on ripening fruit, accompanied by the presence of fermentation volatiles detectable by the \u0000human nose. Addition of apple pieces to the ternary C. aurata aurata / P. cuprea lure resulted in increased catches, but only in traps where the apple fermented as a result of beetle feeding. Volatile extracts collected from fermenting apple were subjected to GC-EAG, and bioactive peaks were identified as 1-hexanol, acetic acid, n-butyric acid, isovaleric acid, hexanoic acid and 3-methylphenol by GC-MS and GC peak enhancement. In preliminary field trials, a synthetic mixture of all identified compounds reduced activity of the ternary lure, indicating that some were inhibitory. As certain individual compounds or their particular combinations enhanced activity of the ternary lure only numerically, further experiments are discussed to optimize a synergistic \u0000blend of fruit fermentation and/or beetle-derived volatiles.","PeriodicalId":7136,"journal":{"name":"Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44165126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0