Susceptibility of Avocado Fruit to Scirtothrips aurantii Faure (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Wind Scarring Damage in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa

G. Bara, M. Laing
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In South Africa, the avocado (Persea americana) is an important fruit, grown primarily for export and contributing ZAR 1.75 billion to the gross domestic product of the country. As an export driven industry, optimising exportable avocado fruit volume is a primary concern. Wind induced abrasion and damage by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), through their feeding on avocado fruit results in corky tissue development (scarring) and making the fruit unsuitable for export. The study aimed to determine the economic losses caused by these agents as well as assess different cultivar responses to scarring damage. Across cultivars, the 1.49% revenue annually due to Scirtothrips aurantii downgrading (3.86% loss factor), translating to ZAR 34.90 million (US$2.39 million). Packhouse study results showed that both thrips and wind abrasion damage accounted for 30% scarring damage, a loss factor of 13.72% and a combined revenue loss of 5.57%. The cultivar ‘Pinkerton’ showed the greatest susceptibility to scarring damage by both wind and S. aurantii whilst the cultivar ‘Carmen®-Hass’ showed a natural predisposition to higher levels of thrips damage. The presence of macadamia trees near avocado trees predisposes avocado fruit to S. aurantii damage.
南非林波波省和夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省牛油果对金蓟马病的易感性及风疤痕害的研究
在南非,鳄梨(Persea americana)是一种重要的水果,主要用于出口,为该国的国内生产总值贡献了17.5亿兰特。作为一个出口驱动的行业,优化鳄梨的出口数量是一个主要问题。蓟马(Thysanoptera: Thripidae)通过吃牛油果导致软木组织发育(疤痕),使牛油果不适合出口,从而引起风的磨损和损害。本研究旨在确定这些药剂造成的经济损失,并评估不同品种对疤痕损害的反应。在各个品种中,由于金蓟马的降级,每年的收入为1.49%(损失系数为3.86%),相当于3490万兰特(239万美元)。包装室研究结果表明,蓟马和风蚀损伤均占瘢痕损伤的30%,损失系数为13.72%,综合收益损失为5.57%。品种‘Pinkerton’对风和金葡萄球菌造成的疤痕伤害最敏感,而品种‘Carmen®-Hass’对蓟马的伤害表现出更高的自然倾向。牛油果树附近的澳洲坚果树使牛油果容易受到金黄色葡萄球菌的伤害。
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来源期刊
Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica
Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: The journal publishes papers on the infectious diseases of plants, damages caused by insects and deals with the basic aspects of chemical and biological protection. Within its field of interest additional topics such as resistance against plant diseases, and physiological, biochemical and molecular questions of plant resistance and susceptibility are also discussed. Publishes book reviews and advertisements.
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