生理学报最新文献

{"title":"A refined subclavian cardiac puncture method for longitudinal blood collection in mice.","authors":"Yu-Ting Ma, Qing-Ya Dang, Si-Yi Zhong, Xin Bao, Shi-Yu Wang, Hai-Lian Quan, Lan Hong","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murine blood sampling is essential for pharmacokinetic research and chronic disease modeling. However, conventional techniques such as tail vein or retro-orbital blood collection have low sample volumes and limited frequency, rendering these approaches inadequate for long-term, volume-intensive studies. This study aimed to establish subclavian cardiac puncture (SCP) as a technique for repeated, high-volume blood collection in mice, and to define its maximum safe volume and frequency without compromising systemic physiology. Thirty-six healthy adult C57BL/6 mice (20-30 g, with equal male and female numbers) were randomized into six groups: control, sham, and four experimental cohorts receiving weekly blood removal at 7.5%, 15%, 22.5%, or 30% of total blood volume (TBV) for four weeks (<i>n</i> = 6 per group). Under isoflurane anesthesia, blood collection was performed on mice via SCP. Mice were secured in supine position before puncture, with needle inserted 1-1.5 cm horizontally at the midpoint of left clavicle; slow blood aspiration upon pulsatile blood backflow effectively prevented pneumothorax and cardiac trauma. All syringes and collection tubes were pre-rinsed with EDTA-2K anticoagulant, and TBV was calculated by the standard 72 mL/kg body weight formula to guarantee accurate blood withdrawal proportion. Monitoring indicators included weight, systolic blood pressure, water intake, fur condition, and hematological indices, such as red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Morphological observations of blood smears were also conducted. The results showed that the 30% TBV group tolerated blood collection for two weeks; the 22.5% TBV group for three weeks; and the 7.5% and 15% TBV groups for all four weeks without distress. The 30% TBV group showed the smallest increase in body weight and developed mild anisocytosis at the later stage of the experiment; in this stage, blood pressure decreased compared to the baseline level on day 0 of blood collection, and RBC, HGB, HCT, and MCHC values were below the normal reference ranges on day 21 of blood collection. The 22.5% TBV group also showed a later-stage decrease in blood pressure, with RBC, HGB, and HCT values below the normal reference ranges on day 21 of blood collection. These results suggest that the refined SCP enables safe, repeated, high-volume sampling in mice (with a safe blood collection volume of 15% TBV), supports pharmacokinetic and longitudinal biomarker studies, enhances data reliability, and reduces the number of animals used and stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"943-955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experimental model systems of primary myelofibrosis].","authors":"Xu Han, Jing Liu","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of clonal proliferative diseases originating from hematopoietic stem cells, with a risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a subtype of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Mutations in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), and thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) genes are the main pathogenic factors in PMF patients. Current therapeutic strategies, including JAK2 inhibitors, are only effective in a subset of PMF patients, highlighting an urgent need for the development of novel interventions. Experimental models of PMF, including cellular models, animal models, and <i>in vitro</i> organoid models, play crucial roles in exploring pathogenesis and screening potential therapeutic agents. This review comprehensively summarizes these experimental model systems, compares the advantages and disadvantages of different models, and discusses the limitations of current research and prospects for future directions, in order to provide assistance for the development of therapeutic strategies for PMF.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"877-888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple myeloma].","authors":"Min Fu, Ze-Yuan Wang, Ruo-Hong Xiang, Hao Xu, Jing Liu, Xiao-Juan Xiao","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma ranks as the second most prevalent hematological malignancy. It remains incurable and is characterized by frequent drug resistance and disease relapse. Mitochondria, as a key hub for cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis regulation, have been found to have functional abnormalities in various cancers. The occurrence, progression and drug resistance of multiple myeloma are also closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Existing research has shown that multiple myeloma cells acquire survival advantages and escape therapeutic elimination by enhancing oxidative phosphorylation, reprogramming glycolysis, maintaining redox homeostasis, regulating calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial quality control, as well as inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Multiple types of drugs and combination therapy strategies targeting the above processes have shown potential in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the main role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and drug resistance of multiple myeloma, as well as the research progress of targeted therapy, providing new ideas for targeted therapy of multiple myeloma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"851-866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myelodysplastic neoplasms are inhibited by Brefeldin A through endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.","authors":"Xiao-Li He, Yan-Peng Wang, Chao-Ying Yang, Shu-Ming Sun","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are a clonal malignant bone marrow disease with high heterogeneity and a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the progression of MDS varies significantly, and the available therapeutic drugs are limited. Brefeldin A (BFA), a natural antibiotic, has not been systematically elucidated for its anti-MDS activity and underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, SKM-1 and MDS-L cell lines and patient primary bone marrow samples were adopted. Multiple experimental approaches, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, transcriptome sequencing, and Western blot, were comprehensively utilized to systematically investigate the effects of BFA on MDS cell proliferation, cell cycle, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy. The <i>in vivo</i> anti-tumor validation was conducted using mouse xenograft models. The results showed that BFA significantly inhibited the proliferation of MDS cell lines and patient-derived bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs). Mechanistically, BFA activated the inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1α) pathway to trigger ERS, and then ERS initiated autophagy and caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, ultimately exerting its anti-MDS effect. <i>In vivo</i> experiments preliminarily confirmed that BFA could effectively inhibit MDS progression. These results suggest the fundamental mechanisms by which BFA suppresses MDS, providing a theoretical basis for its development as a new therapeutic drug for MDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"904-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cellular barcoding and next-generation lineage tracing: concepts and applications].","authors":"Wan-Ying Zhang, Wei-Ke Pei","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lineage tracing is a fundamental technique for dissecting cell fate decisions and development process. With recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and single-cell sequencing technologies, cellular barcoding-based lineage tracing strategies have transitioned from low-throughput labeling methods to high-resolution, multidimensional lineage reconstruction. In this review, we systematically summarize four major barcoding paradigms: viral integration-based random integration barcodes, transposon-based random integration barcodes, recombinase-mediated DNA rearrangement (e.g., Cre-loxP), and CRISPR-Cas9-based mutation recording systems. We describe their principles, representative studies, technical advantages, and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss the core bottlenecks in terms of editing precision, integration of spatiotemporal information, and non-invasive lineage tracing, with a focus on cutting-edge advancements such as prime editing, sequential recording systems, strategies for integrating spatial transcriptomics, and epigenetic tracing. Overall, single-cell lineage tracing is evolving from clonal labeling toward the multi-dimensional integration of lineage, state, and space. In the future, the deep integration of precise gene-editing tools with high-resolution spatial omics technologies is expected to enable dynamic and systematic analysis of cellular fate trajectories, thereby providing critical technical support for research in developmental biology and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"731-740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A century of inheritance and innovation: historical development and experience of the Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences].","authors":"Yun Wang, Xiao-Min Wang, Ming Fan, Tai Yao, Xiong-Li Yang","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences (CAPS), founded in 1926, is one of the earliest and most influential national academic organizations in the field of biological sciences in China. Over the past century, the development of CAPS has been closely linked with the modernization of medical education, the growth of experimental life sciences, national scientific reconstruction, and the increasing demand for public health. Based on historical materials prepared for the centennial of CAPS, this article reviews the major stages of its development, including its foundation and institutional establishment, post-1949 reorganization and disciplinary expansion, revival after the reform and opening-up, internationalization in the new century, and modernization of governance in the new era. From 1926 to 1949, CAPS established an academic community through annual meetings, membership development, and the founding of the <i>Chinese Journal of Physiology</i>, providing an important platform for Chinese physiological research to communicate with the international scientific community. From 1949 to 1977, the society restored its organizational network and expanded into the Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences, reflecting the broader formation of physiology-related disciplines in the new national scientific and educational system. Since 1978, CAPS has resumed national academic conferences and journal publication, strengthened talent cultivation, teaching reform, disciplinary planning, and international cooperation, and gradually transformed from a meeting-oriented society into a comprehensive academic organization. In the new era, the establishment of Party committee, a board of supervisors, improved professional committee management, digital office systems, and international conferences has further promoted standardized, modernized, and internationalized governance. The century-long history of CAPS shows that academic excellence, service to national needs, talent development, the inheritance of scientific spirit, and open collaboration constitute the key experience for the sustainable development of a scientific society and have together shaped an organizational culture characterized by rigor, innovation, collaboration, and dedication.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"713-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Functional study of <i>Esco2</i> in promoting proliferation and survival of acute myeloid leukemia cells].","authors":"Pu-Jiao Li, Shi-Ru Yuan, Guo-Huan Sun, Hui Cheng","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of <i>Esco2</i> in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its role in regulating the biological behavior of AML cells. The expression level of <i>ESCO2</i> and its association with prognosis in patients with AML were analyzed using the TCGA-LAML and GTEx datasets. An sgRNA-mediated <i>Esco2</i> depletion model was established in MLL-AF9-driven AML cells, and its function was validated through both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments. A murine bone marrow transplantation model was used to evaluate the effects of <i>Esco2</i> depletion on leukemia progression. Colony formation assay, cell proliferation assay, and Annexin V-based flow cytometry were performed to assess AML cell growth and apoptosis. Differential gene expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to explore <i>Esco2</i>-related pathways. The results showed that, compared with normal tissues, <i>ESCO2</i> was significantly up-regulated in AML (<i>P</i> < 2.2 × 10^-16), and high expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (<i>P</i> = 0.04). <i>Esco2</i> depletion markedly prolonged the survival of recipient mice (<i>P</i> = 0.0227) and reduced leukemic burden. <i>In vitro</i> experiments showed that <i>Esco2</i> depletion suppressed proliferation and colony-forming capacity of AML cells and promoted apoptosis. Transcriptomic and Western blot analyses revealed that <i>Esco2</i> depletion up-regulated the expression of E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (Cdkn1a, p21) in AML cells, suggesting that <i>Esco2</i> might be involved in cell cycle homeostasis and associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These results suggest that <i>Esco2</i> is highly expressed in AML, whereas <i>Esco2</i> depletion significantly suppresses leukemic cell proliferation and survival and delays AML progression, indicating its important biological significance in the occurrence and development of AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"921-930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on cell surface RNA].","authors":"Si-Jia Bai, Jia Yu, Jia-Bin Yang, Yan-Ni Ma","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13294/j.aps.2026.0071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventionally, it is believed that the biological functions of RNA are confined to the interior of cells, and the existence of functional RNAs on cell surface as well as their potential mechanisms of action have long remained unclear. In recent years, the discovery and functional research of cell surface RNA have completely revolutionized this traditional perception, confirming its important biological significance as a class of novel surface functional molecules. This review systematically summarizes the latest research advances in the field of cell surface RNA, focusing on four aspects: its classification and characteristics, detection and identification technologies, biogenesis and transport mechanisms, as well as biological functions. It also summarizes the current technical bottlenecks and key scientific challenges in this field, providing a reference for interdisciplinary studies in RNA biology, glycobiology, and immunology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 4","pages":"723-730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the regulatory mechanism of ubiquitination on canonical NF-κB signaling pathway].","authors":"Ying-Ying Jiang, Xiang-Jie Chen, Fang Gong","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0043","DOIUrl":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NF-κB signaling pathway is a key regulatory pathway of inflammation and immune response, and its activation can promote the production of inflammatory factors and inhibit apoptosis. In the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway, ubiquitin modification plays an important regulatory role, in which the ubiquitin chain formed by lysine residues 48, 63 (K48, K63) and methionine 1 (Met1) is more closely related to the NF-κB pathway. This paper aims to summarize the role of K48, K63 and Met1-linked ubiquitination in the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway, which is of great significance to further understand the mechanism of these ubiquitin-linked types and reveal their molecular regulation mechanism on NF-κB pathway, and provide new targets and strategies for the treatment of inflammatory and immune-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 3","pages":"551-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148325282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the mechanism of hyodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of MASLD through the gut-liver axis].","authors":"Rui Li, Wen-Qing Shen","doi":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0051","DOIUrl":"10.13294/j.aps.2026.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a metabolic liver disorder affecting over 30% of the global adult population, with its prevalence and mortality rates continuing to rise. Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), a natural secondary hydrophilic bile acid and the primary active component of traditional Chinese medicine <i>Sus scrofa</i> gallbladder powder, has been demonstrated by multiple studies to ameliorate MASLD and other hepatic metabolic disorders, potentially exhibiting superior efficacy to metformin. This review systematically discusses the multifaceted regulatory mechanisms of HDCA on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses in the gut-liver axis and peripheral tissues through its interactions with bile acid receptors including farnesoid X receptor (FXR), Takeda G protein-coupled receptor-5 (TGR5), liver X receptor (LXR) and with gut microbiota. The paper aims to provide theoretical foundations and therapeutic targets for the safe treatment of MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).</p>","PeriodicalId":7134,"journal":{"name":"生理学报","volume":"78 3","pages":"536-550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148325330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}