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Carbonylcyanide-2-nitro-4-azidophenylhydrazone (an Azido Derivative of the Mitochondrial Uncoupler CCCP) as a Photosensitive Protonophore 羰基氰化物-2-硝基-4-叠氮苯腙（线粒体解偶联剂CCCP的叠氮衍生物）作为光敏质子载体
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131426700057
I. R. Iaubasarova, A. M. Firsov, L. S. Khailova, N. K. Davydova, E. A. Kotova, G. A. Korshunova, Y. N. Antonenko
{"title":"Carbonylcyanide-2-nitro-4-azidophenylhydrazone (an Azido Derivative of the Mitochondrial Uncoupler CCCP) as a Photosensitive Protonophore","authors":"I. R. Iaubasarova,&nbsp;A. M. Firsov,&nbsp;L. S. Khailova,&nbsp;N. K. Davydova,&nbsp;E. A. Kotova,&nbsp;G. A. Korshunova,&nbsp;Y. N. Antonenko","doi":"10.3103/S0027131426700057","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131426700057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An azido derivative of the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide-<i>m</i>-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), namely carbonyl cyanide-2-nitro-4-azidophenyl hydrazone (N<sub>3</sub> CCP), has previously been used to study the binding sites of uncouplers on mitochondrial proteins. In this study, we compared the protonophoric activity of N<sub>3</sub> CCP and CCCP on an artificial bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) and the uncoupling activity of these compounds in isolated rat liver mitochondria. Both compounds induced electrical current through the BLM at micromolar concentrations and uncoupled mitochondria at submicromolar concentrations. Both protonophoric and uncoupling activities of N<sub>3</sub> CCP were effectively inhibited by UV light, whereas CCCP was light-insensitive. These results indicate that N<sub>3</sub> CCP is modified by UV light to form products incapable of hydrogen ion transport across artificial or natural membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 2","pages":"92 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of the Effectiveness of Using Industrial Porous Polymer Films, Foams, and Fiber Materials as Sorbents for Petroleum Products 工业多孔聚合物薄膜、泡沫和纤维材料作为石油产品吸附剂的有效性研究
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131426700021
A. Yu. Yarysheva, A. A. Dolgova, L. M. Yarysheva, A. A. Yaroslavov
{"title":"Study of the Effectiveness of Using Industrial Porous Polymer Films, Foams, and Fiber Materials as Sorbents for Petroleum Products","authors":"A. Yu. Yarysheva,&nbsp;A. A. Dolgova,&nbsp;L. M. Yarysheva,&nbsp;A. A. Yaroslavov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131426700021","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131426700021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A comparative analysis of the structure and sorption properties of nano- and microporous materials based on large-capacity industrial polymers in the form of films, fibers, nonwoven and foam materials, including those manufactured as packaging materials, geotextiles, and medical devices, was carried out. It has been shown that the sorption capacity, sorption kinetics and buoyancy of the studied materials are determined by the geometric size and shape of the sorbent, the size and volume of the pores. The most effective were foam materials (polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam), which retain buoyancy at high sorption capacity (17–39 g/g). The possibility of using porous polymer materials as carriers of bacteria-biodegraders of oil and oil products has been demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 2","pages":"69 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Diethyl 2-(4-Nitrobenzylidene) Malonate and Its Application as Derivatization Reagent in HPLC Detection of 2-Methylmercaptoacetate 2-（4-硝基苄基）丙二酸二乙酯的合成及其衍生试剂在2-甲基巯基乙酸酯HPLC检测中的应用
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.3103/S002713142670001X
D. A. Karpeev, A. V. Pirogov
{"title":"Synthesis of Diethyl 2-(4-Nitrobenzylidene) Malonate and Its Application as Derivatization Reagent in HPLC Detection of 2-Methylmercaptoacetate","authors":"D. A. Karpeev,&nbsp;A. V. Pirogov","doi":"10.3103/S002713142670001X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S002713142670001X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The key requirements are outlined for an effective pre-column derivatization reagent used in the HPLC determination of chromophore-free organic compounds. Nitrofluorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, and diethyl 2-(4-nitrobenzylidene) malonate were studied as new reagents. Diethyl 2-(4-nitrobenzylidene) malonate was selected as the optimal reagent. 2-Methylmercaptoacetate was derivatized as a test analyte under mild conditions for 20 min at room temperature. The reaction proceeded to completion, forming a single product. The detection limit of 2-methylmercaptoacetate decreased by a factor of 67 (to 15 ng mL<sup>–1</sup>) compared to the initial value.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 2","pages":"63 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Equation Relating Component Concentrations in Electrolyte Solutions: Solving for Hydrogen Ion Concentration and Titration Curves 电解质溶液中有关成分浓度的方程：氢离子浓度和滴定曲线的求解
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131426700069
S. V. Yefimov
{"title":"Equation Relating Component Concentrations in Electrolyte Solutions: Solving for Hydrogen Ion Concentration and Titration Curves","authors":"S. V. Yefimov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131426700069","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131426700069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the equilibrium state of an electrolyte solution containing an acid and a base in arbitrary ratios. An equation relating the concentrations of the solution components (connection equation) is derived. A method for solving this equation with respect to the hydrogen ion concentration is proposed. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental titration curves.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 2","pages":"98 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Viscosity of Concentrated Water-in-Oil Emulsions within the Framework of the Structural Model 在结构模型框架内的浓油包水乳状液粘度
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131426700033
V. N. Matveenko, E. A. Kirsanov
{"title":"Viscosity of Concentrated Water-in-Oil Emulsions within the Framework of the Structural Model","authors":"V. N. Matveenko,&nbsp;E. A. Kirsanov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131426700033","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131426700033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A structural rheological model is used to interpret the viscosity curves and flow curves of concentrated emulsions consisting of water droplets in oil. It is shown that the rheological curves can be divided into separate intervals of shear rates, within which the experimental data are approximated by the rheological equations of the structural model. The generalized flow equation describes the breakdown of the emulsion structure under the action of tensile hydrodynamic forces. The second rheological equation additionally includes a rate constant related to the process of droplet aggregate formation under the action of compressive hydrodynamic forces. The dependence of the generalized flow equation coefficients <span>(eta _{{text{c}}}^{{1/2}})</span> and <span>(tau _{{text{c}}}^{{1/2}})</span> on the volume fraction Φ is described by separate equations which utilize hydrodynamic parameters. The compactness coefficient χ, associated with the spontaneous rupture of droplets, changes in a complex manner with increasing concentration, which may be related to the formation of aggregates and the change in droplet shape due to deformation upon droplet contact.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 2","pages":"76 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147667782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunofluorescence Assay of De Novo Vimentin Expression in Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells as a Potential Predictor of the Efficacy of Platinum-Based Drugs and Taxanes 免疫荧光法检测浆液性卵巢癌细胞De Novo Vimentin表达作为铂类药物和紫杉烷类药物疗效的潜在预测因子
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131425700476
T. A. Bogush, A. N. Grishanina, E. A. Bogush, A. M. Scherbakov, E. A. Ogurechnikova, A. B. Ravcheeva, E. M. Kapura-Brekhovskikh, M. Ya. Melnikov
{"title":"Immunofluorescence Assay of De Novo Vimentin Expression in Serous Ovarian Cancer Cells as a Potential Predictor of the Efficacy of Platinum-Based Drugs and Taxanes","authors":"T. A. Bogush,&nbsp;A. N. Grishanina,&nbsp;E. A. Bogush,&nbsp;A. M. Scherbakov,&nbsp;E. A. Ogurechnikova,&nbsp;A. B. Ravcheeva,&nbsp;E. M. Kapura-Brekhovskikh,&nbsp;M. Ya. Melnikov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131425700476","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131425700476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>De novo expression of the mesenchymal protein vimentin in the cells expressing epithelial cytokeratins was quantified by double immunofluorescence staining of serous ovarian cancer samples (<i>n</i> = 56). The median value was shown to be 1.6 times higher (<i>p</i> = 0.006) in the group of resistant tumors compared with that of sensitive tumors (disease relapse after chemotherapy with platinum drugs and taxanes for ≤6 months and ≥12 months). Conclusions. The level of de novo vimentin expression is a predictor of the efficacy of platinum drugs and taxanes with the calculated specificity and sensitivity of the assay of more than 80% and the cutoff value of 42.5% for sensitive and resistant tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 1","pages":"31 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Possibilities for Forming Nanofibers from Bombyx mori Chitosan 家蚕壳聚糖制备纳米纤维的可能性
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131425700518
K. K. Pirniyazov, R. Yu. Milusheva, N. Sh. Ashurov, S. Sh. Rashidova
{"title":"Possibilities for Forming Nanofibers from Bombyx mori Chitosan","authors":"K. K. Pirniyazov,&nbsp;R. Yu. Milusheva,&nbsp;N. Sh. Ashurov,&nbsp;S. Sh. Rashidova","doi":"10.3103/S0027131425700518","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131425700518","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper describes the possibility of forming nanofibers from <i>Bombyx mori</i> chitosan and high-molecular-weight crab chitosan (HMWCh) by electrospinning. The structural characteristics of nanostructured <i>Bombyx mori</i> chitosan and crab chitosan are studied by XRD and IR spectroscopy. The possibilities of forming nanofibers and nanoparticles in a solvent are evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 1","pages":"58 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of Neural Networks for Investigating Potential Energy Surfaces of Electronically Excited States and Internal Conversion Mechanisms of Organic Molecules 神经网络在有机分子电子激发态势能面及内部转化机制研究中的应用
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131425700488
D. N. Chistikov, V. E. Bochenkov, D. A. Firsov, V. V. Korolev, A. V. Bochenkova
{"title":"Application of Neural Networks for Investigating Potential Energy Surfaces of Electronically Excited States and Internal Conversion Mechanisms of Organic Molecules","authors":"D. N. Chistikov,&nbsp;V. E. Bochenkov,&nbsp;D. A. Firsov,&nbsp;V. V. Korolev,&nbsp;A. V. Bochenkova","doi":"10.3103/S0027131425700488","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131425700488","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on non-empirical data obtained using a high-level multi-configurational quantum chemistry method, neural networks with the architectures of a multilayer perceptron and an E(3)-equivariant graph network were constructed and trained to predict the energies of the ground and the first two electronically excited states of the methaniminium cation, <span>({text{C}}{{{text{H}}}_{2}}{text{NH}}_{2}^{ + })</span>. It is shown that the E(3)-equivariant graph neural network architecture demonstrates higher accuracy. Using the trained network, a segment of the cation’s potential energy surfaces near the region of the conical intersection between the first excited and the ground states was investigated; this region plays an important role in the mechanism of internal conversion and photoisomerization reactions. It is demonstrated that the neural network accurately reproduces the topography of the potential energy surfaces of the two electronic states in the region of their conical intersection.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 1","pages":"37 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles 金属纳米颗粒的绿色合成
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131425700452
T. I. Shabatina, A. Bose, Ya. A. Gromova, O. I. Vernaya, M. Ya. Melnikov
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles","authors":"T. I. Shabatina,&nbsp;A. Bose,&nbsp;Ya. A. Gromova,&nbsp;O. I. Vernaya,&nbsp;M. Ya. Melnikov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131425700452","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131425700452","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanoscale materials are unique research objects which attract growing attention due to their special physical and chemical properties and a wide range of applications. There is a trend in science towards the introduction of “green technology” into production of varied materials, including metal nanoparticles, in the last decade. The development of synthetic procedures that use various plant extracts and microorganisms, rather than toxic substances, is becoming increasingly important. This review discusses the current and modern methods of green chemistry underlying the production and stabilization of gold, silver, copper, platinum, and palladium metal nanoparticles. In addition, the review describes the practical applications of metal nanoparticles, including medicine for diagnosis and therapy of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 1","pages":"1 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of 1-Methyl-4-nitrobenzene under Conditions of Partial Deactivation of the Supported Nickel Catalyst 负载型镍催化剂部分失活条件下1-甲基-4-硝基苯的液相加氢反应
IF 0.5
Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Pub Date : 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.3103/S0027131425700506
T. Yu. Osadchaya, A. V. Afineevskii, D. A. Prozorov, K. A. Nikitin, D. V. Smirnov
{"title":"Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of 1-Methyl-4-nitrobenzene under Conditions of Partial Deactivation of the Supported Nickel Catalyst","authors":"T. Yu. Osadchaya,&nbsp;A. V. Afineevskii,&nbsp;D. A. Prozorov,&nbsp;K. A. Nikitin,&nbsp;D. V. Smirnov","doi":"10.3103/S0027131425700506","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027131425700506","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents a study of the kinetic features of liquid-phase hydrogenation of 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene (4-nitrotoluene) in the presence of a supported nickel catalyst Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> modified by controlled introduction of sulfide ions. The aim of the study is the determination of the correlation between the degree of deactivation of the active sites of the catalyst and its catalytic activity in the reduction reaction of the nitro group. Six catalysts with different concentrations of nickel are synthesized, the physicochemical properties of which are characterized by energy-dispersive analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen. Controlled deactivation is executed by introducing different amounts of a solution of Na<sub>2</sub>S into the reaction medium. It is found that a sulfide ion predominantly interacts with surface nickel atoms, decreasing the activity of the catalyst proportionately to the amount of adsorbed ions. It is experimentally determined that, on average, 1.5 sulfur atoms block one atom of surface nickel Ni<sup>0</sup>. It is demonstrated that partial deactivation makes it possible to directionally vary the activity and, potentially, selectivity of the catalyst due to the modification of its surface. The results indicate a possibility of using deactivation as an instrument for fine tuning of catalytic properties in hydrogenization processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":709,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin","volume":"81 1","pages":"52 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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