Microgravity Science and Technology最新文献

Human Locomotion Monitoring in Space Flight: Retrospective Nonparametric Changepoint Detection Methods

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10169-5

A. I. Shestoperov, A. V. Ivchenko, E. V. Fomina

{"title":"Human Locomotion Monitoring in Space Flight: Retrospective Nonparametric Changepoint Detection Methods","authors":"A. I. Shestoperov, A. V. Ivchenko, E. V. Fomina","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10169-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10169-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper is dedicated to the analysis of medico-biological data obtained during locomotor testing of astronauts. Accurate data interpretation plays a crucial role in locomotion system monitoring, prophylaxis of long-duration spaceflight negative effects and thus in the development of an autonomous medical support system for deep space expeditions. During the locomotor testing the astronaut changes motion modes in accordance with the prescribed training protocol while running on the treadmill, and data such as speed, support pressure, heart rate frequency, etc., are collected simultaneously. The astronaut may follow either an individual protocol developed by specialists or perform his personal protocol at every fourth day of the micro cycle. Our task is to identify unknown motion modes by the means of a posteriori time series segmentation and, specifically, in the presence of various transitional processes as well as signal loss periods. The presence of tricky profiles does not allow for preliminary hypotheses about the distribution pattern of the dataset under study. The article consists of two parts. Firstly, it provides a detailed overview of several modern retrospective (offline) nonparametric multiple changepoint detection methods in multidimensional time series. A change point means an abrupt change in the probability properties of the observed series occurring at an unknown time instant. When describing the algorithms, emphasis is placed on statistics as a measure of data homogeneity, numerical methods for solving optimization problems, and model selection methods. Secondly, the real speed profiles resulting from locomotor testing have been handled through the mentioned algorithms. The validation was performed on three characteristic experimental data samples, allowing for an assessment of the prospects of applying the described methods to the entire dataset.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12217-025-10169-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weakly Charged Analyte Concentration Scenarios Near an Ion-selective Microparticle 离子选择性微粒子附近的弱电荷分析物浓度情景

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10172-w

Georgy S. Ganchenko, Maxim S. Alekseev, Vladimir S. Shelistov, Evgeny A. Demekhin

{"title":"Weakly Charged Analyte Concentration Scenarios Near an Ion-selective Microparticle","authors":"Georgy S. Ganchenko, Maxim S. Alekseev, Vladimir S. Shelistov, Evgeny A. Demekhin","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10172-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10172-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work presents the results of numerical simulations of a microdevice designed to concentrate a low-concentration analyte consisting of weakly charged macromolecules. The microdevice consists of a spherical chamber containing an ion-selective sphere located in the center. A gravity-induced pressure-driven flow of an electrolyte solution containing the analyte is established through the chamber. Two electrodes are placed at the input and output of the device to create an external electric field. The properties of the analyte typically differ from those of the ions in the buffer electrolyte solution; for instance, its diffusion coefficient is normally much smaller than those of the electrolyte ions. This asymmetry, combined with a nontrivial electroosmotic flow along the ion-selective sphere, results in significant differences in the analyte behavior compared with the behavior of ions. Several scenarios of analyte concentration, based on both its intrinsic properties (different diffusion coefficients and charges) and external factors such as the intensity of an external electric field and the properties of the flow, are investigated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a Drag-Free Control System for Gravity Field Measurement Satellite Based on a Cusped Hall Electric Propulsion System

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10171-x

Kai Cui, Jialin Zheng, Kai Xu, Hao Wang, Jing Chen, Xiang Niu

{"title":"Design of a Drag-Free Control System for Gravity Field Measurement Satellite Based on a Cusped Hall Electric Propulsion System","authors":"Kai Cui, Jialin Zheng, Kai Xu, Hao Wang, Jing Chen, Xiang Niu","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10171-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10171-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To obtain a more accurate gravity field model, gravity field measurement satellites use the drag-free control system to minimize the residual disturbance force of the satellite. To meet the drag-free control accuracy, these tasks propose the requirements of wide continuous throttling ability, low noise, and rapid response for the propulsion system, which acts as the actuator of the control system. This research takes a cusped Hall electric propulsion system as the research object and constructs a component-level propulsion system model based on experimental data. The drag-free control simulation system is designed. And the control simulation results show that the slow thrust response speed of the propulsion system limits the bandwidth of the control system, resulting in the control accuracy not meeting the mission requirements. To solve this problem, a thrust response speed optimization method based on coordinated control of input parameters of the propulsion system is proposed. The results show that the thrust response speed is improved and the bandwidth of the control system is increased after the coordinated control of the flow rate and the voltage, which makes the residual accelerations of the satellite meet the drag-free control requirements of the gravity field measurement satellite.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of HepG2 Cell Spheroid Formation Under Bioreactor Productions with Two Mixing Strategies by RCCS and CSTR 比较 RCCS 和 CSTR 两种混合策略下生物反应器生产的 HepG2 细胞球形成情况

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10170-y

Başak Tuğcu, Çağla Yarkent, Yunus Çelik, Ayşe Köse, Suphi S. Oncel

{"title":"Comparison of HepG2 Cell Spheroid Formation Under Bioreactor Productions with Two Mixing Strategies by RCCS and CSTR","authors":"Başak Tuğcu, Çağla Yarkent, Yunus Çelik, Ayşe Köse, Suphi S. Oncel","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10170-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10170-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animal cells can growth in three-dimensional (3D) systems, which provide an excellent opportunity to study natural interactions between cells and their extracellular matrix (ECM) <i>in vivo</i>. In this particular study, a human liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) was cultured in two different systems: a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) and a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). By simulating microgravity, both reactors facilitated the formation of HepG2 cells into spheroid structures without the need for additional support materials. The HepG2 spheroids exhibited over 80% viability for up to 10 days in both the RCCS and the CSTR. The RCCS provided more suitable conditions for generating well-formed HepG2 spheroids within a 14-day period, whereas the CSTR allowed for more efficient oxygen delivery to the spheroid cells, resulting in higher cell viability despite larger spheroid diameters (200–300 µm). At the end of production, the urea amounts were observed as 8.1 nmol well<sup>−1</sup>, and 9.5 nmol well<sup>−1</sup> in the CSTR, and the RCCS, respectively. For the first 6 days, the spheroids in the RCCS produced more albumin (1.18 ± 0.003 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>), then, on the 8th day, it was 1.22 ± 0.015 ng mL<sup>−1</sup> in the CSTR. The monolayer HepG2 cells and HepG2 spheroids exhibited IC<sub>50</sub> values of 250–500 mM and 1300–2200 mM against ethanol, respectively. These findings highlight the remarkable potential of bioreactors in producing animal cell lines in 3D systems, providing valuable insights into cellular behavior and paving the way for the scalable production of intricate tissue constructs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12217-025-10170-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Bulk Flow Pulsation on the Filtering Process for Porous Columns with Different Permeability

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-024-10158-0

Anna Belyaeva, Boris Maryshev

引用次数: 0

The Boundaries of the Existence of An Anomalous Convective Air Flow in a Square Cavity with a Moving Lid

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10168-6

V.A. Sharifulin, P.S. Beloborodov, A.N. Sharifulin, T.P. Lyubimova

{"title":"The Boundaries of the Existence of An Anomalous Convective Air Flow in a Square Cavity with a Moving Lid","authors":"V.A. Sharifulin, P.S. Beloborodov, A.N. Sharifulin, T.P. Lyubimova","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10168-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10168-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study 2D stationary regimes of mixed convection in a square cavity with a moving lid. All walls of the cavity are considered as solid; the side walls are assumed to be perfectly thermally insulated, while the top and bottom walls are isothermal, the temperature of the bottom wall is higher. The impact of a smooth change in the velocity of the upper wall of on the convective stability of air within a square cavity is investigated both analytically, using low-mode approximation, and numerically, by the finite difference method. Calculations are performed for Grashof numbers up to values thirty times greater than the critical one. It have been shown that for each supercritical Grashof number there is a critical Reynolds number <span>(Re_c)</span> such that with a smooth change in the Reynolds number within the interval <span>(-Re_c< Re < Re_c)</span> the flow is continuously transformed, changing the structure from normal single-vortex to anomalous double-vortex and vice versa. If, with a change in the Reynolds number, the limits of the specified interval are exceeded, a hysteresis transition from the anomalous flow to the normal one is observed. These findings provide new insights into the complex interplay between thermal and inertial forces in convective flows. Understanding these flow structures and transitions could improve the knowledge of combustion processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inertial Wave Attractors in Librating Cylinders: Axisymmetric versus Nonaxisymmetric Ends

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10164-w

Stanislav Subbotin, Mariya Shiryaeva

{"title":"Inertial Wave Attractors in Librating Cylinders: Axisymmetric versus Nonaxisymmetric Ends","authors":"Stanislav Subbotin, Mariya Shiryaeva","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10164-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10164-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inertial waves in a rotating confined fluid can focus on closed trajectories, known as wave attractors. These regimes are not eigenmodes and are related only to the frequency dependence of the wave vector. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the cylindrical cavity shape’s effect on the attractor’s spatial structure. We considered three different configurations: i) a circular cylinder with both conical axisymmetric ends; ii) a cylinder with one straight end and the other end inclined to the plane of the cross-section; iii) both ends of the cylinder are inclined parallel. The major observed difference is the azimuthal flow structure. In the axisymmetric case, the shape of the wave attractor is independent of the azimuthal coordinate, and the instantaneous vorticity field represents a system of nested rings in the cross-section. If one of the cavity ends has a constant slope, wave focusing appears in the meridional plane passing near the direction specified by the geometry. The three-dimensional law of wave reflection from inclined boundaries causes meridional trapping, which is important in real geo- and astrophysical systems with complex boundary topography.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical Processing of Melting PCM Bridges in Microgravity Using SVD and ANNs

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10166-8

Pablo Salgado Sánchez, Fernando Varas, Jeff Porter, Dan Gligor

{"title":"Optical Processing of Melting PCM Bridges in Microgravity Using SVD and ANNs","authors":"Pablo Salgado Sánchez, Fernando Varas, Jeff Porter, Dan Gligor","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10166-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10166-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Both Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be powerful tools for image processing. Here they are applied in the context of the “Effect of Marangoni Convection on Heat Transfer in Phase Change Materials” (MarPCM) microgravity experiment [Porter et al. (Acta Astronautica 210, 212–223, 2023)], which investigates the use of thermocapillary (Marangoni) convection to expedite melting of organic Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in cuboidal and cylindrical domains. The processing of the cylindrical “melting bridge” experimental images is particularly challenging due to the converging lens effect caused by the curved interface and the refractive index of the liquid PCM. A combination of SVD and ANNs is used to propose an algorithm to process these images. The network is trained on a set of synthetic images of the melting bridge, generated via ray-tracing [Martinez et al. (Advances in Space Research 72, 1915–1928, 2023)] then projected onto the eigenmodes associated with the largest singular values of the image database, which includes snapshots of the melting process in all representative cases. Two optimal algorithm architectures are described, characterized by the number of SVD modes considered in the projection and the hyperparameters of the ANN. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed in terms of its ability to associate images with the correct liquid fraction. The processing strategy is tested by applying it to images obtained from ground experiments using the scientific prototype of the MarPCM cuboidal cell.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12217-025-10166-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Inhibitory Potential Effects of Polysaccharide Peptide from Coriolus versicolor on the Growth and Metastasis of 4T1 Breast Tumors Under Simulated Microgravity Conditions

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10167-7

Morteza Alemi, Firooz Samadi, Alireza Madjid Ansari, Zahra Hajebrahimi

{"title":"The Inhibitory Potential Effects of Polysaccharide Peptide from Coriolus versicolor on the Growth and Metastasis of 4T1 Breast Tumors Under Simulated Microgravity Conditions","authors":"Morteza Alemi, Firooz Samadi, Alireza Madjid Ansari, Zahra Hajebrahimi","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10167-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10167-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The form of cancer that is prevalent among women is breast cancer and is responsible for a significant number of cancer-related deaths. Coriolus versicolor (CV) extract has demonstrated notable anti-cancer properties. Additionally, microgravity can influence various aspects of cancer cell behavior, including growth, migration, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of polysaccharide peptide from CV in combination with doxorubicin under simulated microgravity (S-µg) conditions and without S-µg on 4T1 cancer cells. A number of 80 female inbred BALB/c mice were divided into 8 experiment groups, including Control, polysaccharide peptide from CV (T, 1 g/kg BW), doxorubicin injection (Dox, 0.5 mg/kg BW), Dox + T, S-µg (Mic), Mic + D, Mic + T, and Mic + D + T. Subsequently, tumor biomarkers and cell death were expressed using Western blot, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemistry, and H&E staining techniques. Exposure to S-µg reduced tumor growth compared to the control group, but its effect was less than that of the groups affected by polysaccharide peptide from CV and Dox. The Dox and CV combination could significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) inhibit 4T1 breast tumors’ growth. The Dox + T group exhibited a decrease in the tumors’ volume compared to control (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Meanwhile, it could effectively suppress tumor growth and Ki-67, VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. Also, Dox + T could increase the mean survival time of the tumor-bearing mice. Dox + T demonstrated a meaningful increase in cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, confirming the occurrence of apoptosis (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Taking together, Dox + T can be a safe anti-cancer supplement that can cause direct apoptosis to the cancer cells.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microgravity Control of a Free Surface in Elliptical Containers Via Thermocapillary Flows

IF 1.3 4区工程技术

Microgravity Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s12217-025-10165-9

Ignacio Jiménez Blanco, Pablo Salgado Sánchez, Dan Gligor, Andriy Borshchak Kachalov, Ali Arshadi

{"title":"Microgravity Control of a Free Surface in Elliptical Containers Via Thermocapillary Flows","authors":"Ignacio Jiménez Blanco, Pablo Salgado Sánchez, Dan Gligor, Andriy Borshchak Kachalov, Ali Arshadi","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10165-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10165-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present here an extensive analysis of the free surface dynamics driven by the thermocapillary effect in half-filled elliptical containers in microgravity. Depending on the cell ellipticity <span>(delta )</span>, which selects the preferred static equilibrium via surface energy, and on the applied thermal forcing <span>(Delta T)</span>, interesting dynamics are found. Simulations show that the steady, thermally-driven position of the interface — perpendicular to <span>(Delta T)</span> — undergoes a pitchfork bifurcation at a critical <span>(delta _textrm{cr})</span> that breaks the vertical reflection symmetry of the system. These results are supported by (leading order) estimates of the opposing thermocapillary and surface tension forces, predicting the linear dependence of <span>(delta _textrm{cr})</span> on <span>(Delta T)</span>. Finally, the free surface relaxation after switching off the thermal control is explored. As a whole, the present analysis indicates that one can combine thermocapillary flows and an adequate cell design to manipulate and control fluids in microgravity, with potential in a wide variety of applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12217-025-10165-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0