Surface Free Energy Measurement of Low Energy and High Energy Surfaces in Microgravity Conditions

IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE
Abrar Ahmed, Prashant R. Waghmare
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Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive exploration of a theoretical model designed to measure the surface energy of solids under microgravity conditions. While numerous studies have investigated various techniques for determining the surface energy of solids through the use of pairs of liquids based on Young’s equation of contact angle, these methods often lack accuracy and are impractical in space-like environments due to safety concerns. In this investigation, we critically examine and validate the sessile drop accelerometry model, specifically developed for measuring the surface free energy of solids in microgravity conditions through the deposition of a single water droplet. This model encompasses a set of governing equations that enable the determination of interfacial energies as a function of changes in the droplet’s shape resulting from the release of gravitational energy. To validate and analyze the theoretical model, a sophisticated experimental payload was developed, and a series of rigorous experiments were conducted under both reduced gravity and hypergravity conditions, simulated using parabolic flight. The measured surface free energy values were compared against traditional polar-nonpolar-based surface energy measurement techniques, demonstrating strong agreement and highlighting the robustness of the SDAcc model. Through rigorous theoretical and experimental analyses, this study establishes a fundamental understanding of the influence of gravity on metastable droplet morphology and its implications for accurate surface energy determination. These findings will contribute to the advancement of interfacial science in reduced gravity environments and open new avenues for surface characterization techniques in space applications.

微重力条件下低能和高能表面自由能的测量
本研究对微重力条件下固体表面能测量的理论模型进行了全面的探索。虽然许多研究已经研究了各种技术,通过使用基于杨氏接触角方程的液体对来确定固体的表面能,但由于安全问题,这些方法通常缺乏准确性,并且在类空间环境中不切实际。在这项研究中,我们严格检查并验证了无底滴加速度测量模型,该模型专门用于通过单个水滴的沉积来测量微重力条件下固体的表面自由能。这个模型包含了一组控制方程,这些方程能够确定界面能量作为由重力能释放引起的液滴形状变化的函数。为了验证和分析理论模型,开发了一个复杂的实验载荷,并在失重和超重力条件下进行了一系列严格的实验,采用抛物线飞行进行模拟。将测量的表面自由能值与传统的基于极性-非极性的表面能测量技术进行了比较,证明了很强的一致性,并突出了SDAcc模型的鲁棒性。通过严格的理论和实验分析,本研究建立了重力对亚稳液滴形态的影响及其对精确表面能测定的意义的基本认识。这些发现将有助于减少重力环境下界面科学的发展,并为空间应用中的表面表征技术开辟新的途径。
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来源期刊
Microgravity Science and Technology
Microgravity Science and Technology 工程技术-工程:宇航
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
44.40%
发文量
96
期刊介绍: Microgravity Science and Technology – An International Journal for Microgravity and Space Exploration Related Research is a is a peer-reviewed scientific journal concerned with all topics, experimental as well as theoretical, related to research carried out under conditions of altered gravity. Microgravity Science and Technology publishes papers dealing with studies performed on and prepared for platforms that provide real microgravity conditions (such as drop towers, parabolic flights, sounding rockets, reentry capsules and orbiting platforms), and on ground-based facilities aiming to simulate microgravity conditions on earth (such as levitrons, clinostats, random positioning machines, bed rest facilities, and micro-scale or neutral buoyancy facilities) or providing artificial gravity conditions (such as centrifuges). Data from preparatory tests, hardware and instrumentation developments, lessons learnt as well as theoretical gravity-related considerations are welcome. Included science disciplines with gravity-related topics are: − materials science − fluid mechanics − process engineering − physics − chemistry − heat and mass transfer − gravitational biology − radiation biology − exobiology and astrobiology − human physiology
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