2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)最新文献_第9页

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of High-Efficiency High-Power Radio-Frequency Inductors 高效率、高功率射频电感器的设计、实现与评估

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487301

Roderick S. Bayliss, Rachel S. Yang, Alex J. Hanson, C. Sullivan, D. Perreault

{"title":"Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of High-Efficiency High-Power Radio-Frequency Inductors","authors":"Roderick S. Bayliss, Rachel S. Yang, Alex J. Hanson, C. Sullivan, D. Perreault","doi":"10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487301","url":null,"abstract":"Radio-Frequency (RF) power inductors are critical to many applications such as communications, RF heating, and plasma generation for semiconductor processing. Their high loss and large size can often be major contributors to the overall system size and loss. Inductors for high frequency and high power (e.g., tens of MHz and hundreds of watts and above) have traditionally been implemented as air-core solenoids to avoid high-frequency core loss. These designs have more turns than magnetic-core inductors and thus high copper loss. We propose a magnetic-core inductor design approach that leverages NiZn ferrites with low loss at RF, distributed gaps and field balancing to achieve improved performance at tens of MHz and at hundreds of watts and above. We demonstrate this approach with a 13.56 MHz, 500 nH, 80 Apk magnetic-core inductor design for a plasma generation matching network that achieves a quality factor of >1800 in simulation and >1100 experimentally. Additionally, we describe the difficulties in experimentally measuring inductor quality factors with very high current and very low loss at high frequency.","PeriodicalId":7050,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87191897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A More Accurate Power MOSFET Current Mirror Sensing Scheme in Synchronous Buck Converters 同步降压变换器中一种更精确的功率MOSFET电流镜像传感方案

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487040

Wenkang Huang, D. Clavette, Mudassar Khatib

{"title":"A More Accurate Power MOSFET Current Mirror Sensing Scheme in Synchronous Buck Converters","authors":"Wenkang Huang, D. Clavette, Mudassar Khatib","doi":"10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a current-mirror sensing scheme for high-current trench MOSFETs in synchronous buck converters and implements in a three-die PQFN package capable of delivering 70-A current per phase. Current signal accuracy is critical in high-current multiphase converters that power CPUs, GPUs, DDR memories, and FPGAs in high-performance computers and artificial intelligence systems, since the current information is used not only in optimization of computer system performance and adaptive voltage positioning but also for current sharing between multiple phases and converter over-current protection. Inductor DCR and MOSFET RDS(on) current sensing methods have been used in synchronous buck converters for more than a decade, but the current sensing accuracy is limited to +/-10% and +/-5% respectively and becomes even worse when application conditions vary in wider ranges. Higher current reporting accuracy of the MOSFET current mirror sensing is experimentally verified using multiple synchronous buck converter boards, which are built to measure current sensing error of each power stage and to determine distribution of system current reporting tolerance. Smaller than +/-3%, 3-sigma current error is achieved over wide application ranges of ambient temperature and MOSFET gate drive voltage.","PeriodicalId":7050,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87241257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Design and Implementation of a Stepped Air-Gap Inductor for Buck Converters 降压变换器用阶梯式气隙电感的设计与实现

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487053

Yu-Chen Liu, Meng-Chi Tsai, Ying-Jiun Chen, Katherine A. Kim, Chen Chen, N. A. Dung

{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Stepped Air-Gap Inductor for Buck Converters","authors":"Yu-Chen Liu, Meng-Chi Tsai, Ying-Jiun Chen, Katherine A. Kim, Chen Chen, N. A. Dung","doi":"10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487053","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the design and implementation of an inductor with a stepped air-gap for a buck converter with improved feedback control. Typically, a power converter needs to maintain stable operation during any load transient. When designing the compensator for a converter according to the traditional method for continuous conduction mode (CCM), the same compensator is employed from light load to full load, which leads to poor response at some operating points, especially at light load. To achieve a better system response, a stepped air-gap inductor is proposed to increase the inductance at light load, which is analyzed and compared with a traditional inductor. The proposed stepped air-gap inductor reduces the influence of the magnetic flux leakage on the winding. The effect of having two different inductance values on the controller design is discussed, and the conditions for discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) at light load with the stepped air-gap inductor are outlined. A 48-V to 12-V buck converter rated for 60 W is built and tested to verify the proposed stepped air-gap inductor. With the proposed stepped air-gap inductor, experimental results show that undershoot and overshoot were improved 50% and settling time was decreased to 20% and 30% during light-to-full load transients, compared to the traditional inductor. Hence, the proposed stepped air-gap inductor can effectively improve system response.","PeriodicalId":7050,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90625359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis and Implementation of a cm-Scale Switched Capacitor Converter for Low Power, Kilovolt-Range Applications 用于低功率、千伏范围应用的厘米级开关电容变换器的分析与实现

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487330

Bahlakoana Mabetha, Yanqiao Li, Benjamin L. Dobbins, J. Stauth

{"title":"Analysis and Implementation of a cm-Scale Switched Capacitor Converter for Low Power, Kilovolt-Range Applications","authors":"Bahlakoana Mabetha, Yanqiao Li, Benjamin L. Dobbins, J. Stauth","doi":"10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487330","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the design and implementation of a cm-scale switched capacitor (SC) converter with a kilovolt range output, such as could be used for driving electrostatic, piezoelectric, or dielectric elastomer electromechanical transducers. The design uses a two-stage power conversion approach: a first stage, two-channel series parallel (SP) converter boosts a low-voltage input (e.g. stacked Li-ion cells) by 16x; a second stage symmetric ladder converter boosts the differential series-parallel output by ~10x, providing capabilities to reach voltages in the kV range. The first stage uses a pseudo-soft-charging switching scheme to reduce charge sharing loss and recover energy in parasitic (e.g. bottom-plate) capacitances without the use of an inductor. The implementation optimizes the use of discrete components and represents a scalable design while maintaining a small form factor. The first stage integrated circuit is implemented in 650V SOI CMOS with a die area of 10 mm2; the second stage printed circuit board design uses discrete components with board area < 50 mm2. The converter provides conversion ratio VCR up to 150, peak efficiency ~ 80%, and output power up to 50 mW. Efficient regulation is demonstrated by using a mixture of frequency and digital adjustment of the first stage switching sequence.","PeriodicalId":7050,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90638914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Condition Monitoring of DC-Link Capacitors Using Hidden Markov Model Supported-Convolutional Neural Network 基于隐马尔可夫模型支持卷积神经网络的直流电容状态监测

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487107

Tyler McGrew, V. Sysoeva, Chi-Hao Cheng, Mark Scott

引用次数: 2

An auto-regressive model for battery voltage prediction 电池电压预测的自回归模型

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487060

S. B. Vilsen, D. Stroe

{"title":"An auto-regressive model for battery voltage prediction","authors":"S. B. Vilsen, D. Stroe","doi":"10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487060","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate modelling of the dynamic behaviour of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries is important in a wide range of scenarios from the determination of appropriate battery-pack size, to battery balancing and state estimation in battery management systems. The prevailing methods used in voltage prediction are the equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) models. EEC models account for the change in the voltage by a series of resistor capacitor networks to mimic the internal resistance of a battery. Thus, given a change in current the EEC models create an appropriate change in the voltage. The downside is that the parameters of the model needs to be fully characterised, across the entire range of usage and life of the battery. This is both time consuming and expensive. In this paper, a linear auto-regressive (AR) process is proposed to account for the short-term dynamic behaviour of the battery cell, allowing for accurate prediction of the voltage given other measurable parameters such as current and temperature. After conducting a sensitivity analysis on the size of the sequence needed to train the AR model, it was found that less than a days worth of raw measurements data is enough to offer a better voltage prediction than a traditional EEC model (the root mean square errors of the two considered voltage estimation approaches were 0.00157 and 0.0133 V, respectively).","PeriodicalId":7050,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86028092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Decoupling Control of Dual Three Phase Drive with Two Independent Microprocessors Utilizing Current Observer 基于电流观测器的双相三相驱动解耦控制

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487432

Shen Wang, Kentaro Kitamura, S. Doki, Takashi Suzuki

引用次数: 0

Model Predictive Control of a Four-Level T-NNPC Inverter without Weighting Factors 无加权因子的四电平T-NNPC逆变器模型预测控制

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487042

Zhituo Ni, M. Narimani, José R. Rodríguez

引用次数: 1

A Transformer Flux Balancing Scheme Based on Magnetizing Current Harmonic in Dual-Active-Bridge Converters 一种基于磁化电流谐波的双有源桥变换器磁通平衡方案

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487210

Zihan Gao, Penfei Yao, Haiguo Li, Shiqi Ji, Zhe Yang, Fred Wang, Yiwei Ma

引用次数: 2

High Power Density 1 MHz 3 kW 400 V-48 V LLC Converter for Datacenters with improved Core Loss and Termination Loss 高功率密度1 MHz 3 kW 400 V-48 V LLC转换器，用于改善核心损耗和终端损耗的数据中心

2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1109/APEC42165.2021.9487232

Ahmed Nabih, R. Gadelrab, P. Prakash, Qiang Li, F. Lee

引用次数: 22