Metallurgist最新文献

{"title":"Import substitution of the mold tubes for billet and bloom CCM","authors":"S. I. Shakhov,&nbsp;G. V. Torokhov,&nbsp;A. I. Romantsov,&nbsp;A. N. Bozheskov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01898-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01898-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The CCM productivity and the quality of steel blanks largely depend on how well the mold meets all technological requirements, the main of which is to ensure the necessary uniformity and intensity of heat removal from the ingot shell without collapsing under the exposure to heat from the steel melt, ferrostatic pressure of the liquid phase, and thermal cracking. Mold tubes are the main replaceable tool of the molds of the modern billet and bloom casters. They represent high-tech products manufactured with high precision, and contain a special wear-resistant coating applied to their working surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1849 - 1857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of electroerosion for the creation of standard and alternative artificial defects in order to configure and evaluate automated nondestructive test tools","authors":"A. B. Aminov,&nbsp;V. V. Voronov,&nbsp;O. A. Bachurin,&nbsp;S. R. Nizamov,&nbsp;A. V. Ilyichev,&nbsp;E. M. Zaselsky","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01896-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01896-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of automated nondestructive test tools in pipe production is considered. Special attention is paid to artificial defects that are used to configure equipment and must comply with the new requirements of regulatory and technical documentation. The need to develop and produce special alternative artificial defects that mimic the shapes and dimensions of actual typical product discontinuities is discussed. Alternative artificial defects can be used for additional verification of the sensitivity of automated nondestructive test tools to certain types of characteristic product defects. The paper also describes the electroerosion method of creating artificial defects, its advantages and possibilities of use to evaluate the efficiency of automated nondestructive test systems by various physical methods under the pipe production conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1828 - 1838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heap leaching of copper in Kazakhstan: practice, problems, and prospects","authors":"A. A. Zharmenov,&nbsp;L. B. Kushakova,&nbsp;N. V. Sizikova,&nbsp;M. Z. Iskandirov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01907-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01907-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article is devoted to the study of current practices, problems and prospects of copper heap leaching technology application in Kazakhstan. It considers the main copper deposits of the country, their mineral composition, characteristics of oxidized ores, and leaching processes applied at various production sites. The focus is on the relatively low productivity of Kazakhstani enterprises compared to world leaders and analysis of the factors affecting production efficiency, including climatic conditions, and ore properties. The article further discusses the prospects of including mixed copper ores in processing and considers ways to improve the profitability of enterprises using the technology of heap leaching of copper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1941 - 1948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chromium content in steel on its corrosion resistance in carbon dioxide environments","authors":"Igor Yu. Pyshmintsev,&nbsp;Anna N. Maltseva,&nbsp;Olga V. Vavilova,&nbsp;Tatiana M. Zhuchkova,&nbsp;Sergey I. Kotov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01892-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01892-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The corrosion resistance of steels containing 3–17% Cr in media with high partial pressure of CO₂ and varying temperature and salinity was studied. The general corrosion rate and the characteristics of local corrosion were determined gravimetrically. The structure and composition of corrosion products were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that resistance to CO₂ corrosion increases with chromium content and that a Cr concentration of 3–5% is insufficient to keep the general corrosion rate below 0.1 mm/year. At temperatures above 120 °C, steels with 15–17% Cr exhibit the highest resistance to CO₂ corrosion. The transition of CO₂ to supercritical state does not significantly accelerate the corrosion of steels containing 13% Cr or more, under otherwise identical conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1787 - 1799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of welded joint microstructure on the corrosive properties of X70 steel","authors":"A. A. Alkhimenko,&nbsp;B. S. Ermakov,&nbsp;Ya. I. Evstratikova,&nbsp;O. V. Shvetsov,&nbsp;P. N. Khomich","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01880-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01880-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen sulfide dissolved in aqueous electrolyte solutions causes susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking in most structural steels. This is one of the reasons for failure of the oil and gas field equipment and occurrence of the emergency situations. When transporting media containing hydrogen sulfide, most of the damage occurs in the welded joint area. In this study, the authors have established the influence of the microstructure of individual sections of the weld metal, its heat-affected zone, and the base metal on the corrosion resistance of a welded joint of a low-alloy pipe steel (grade X70) in the environment that mimics the operating conditions of the main oil and gas pipelines in the High North regions. The temperature fields and thermal cycles were calculated for submerged multi-arc welding in order to simulate the microstructure of the most problematic areas with the reduced level of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The method of controlled resistive heating and subsequent cooling was used to simulate the welding process. The simulation of the welding thermal cycle was performed using the Gleeble 3800 complex for physical simulation of thermomechanical processes. The results of sulfide stress cracking tests are presented. A metallographic analysis and microhardness measurements of the welded joint areas and base metal were carried out. It was shown that the microstructure of the overheated areas in the heat-affected zone is the part of the welded joint that is most susceptible to sulfide stress cracking. It has been established that studying just the welded joint and the base metal for susceptibility to corrosion cracking is insufficient in terms of assessing the reliability of a welded joint, which indicates the need to revise the testing procedure. In this study, samples of welded joints of thick-walled large-diameter pipes, including the base metal, heat-affected zone, and fusion zone, were studied. The areas that are most susceptible to the formation of corrosion cracks were determined and simulated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 11","pages":"1667 - 1675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of multivariate performance models for drawing mills","authors":"A. R. Fastykovsky,&nbsp;A. I. Musatova,&nbsp;E. P. Khaleyeva,&nbsp;N. V. Martyushev,&nbsp;R. V. Klyuev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01900-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01900-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large volumes of products obtained as a result of drawing are now extensively used in various branches of industry. The demand for products of this kind is now permanently increasing, which makes it necessary to seek new ways of intensification of their production and extending the assortment of the obtained products. As an efficient way that can be used to solve these problems, we can mention the scientifically justified organization of the process of production. We consider the following models of increasing the efficiency of the production process: a theoretical model showing the potentialities of application of a drawing mill and a normative model required for scheduling. A block diagram of formation of the productivity of drawing mills is presented. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the downtimes of the drawing mills and, on the basis of this analysis, propose the normative parameters that take into account the main factors responsible for the efficient realization of the drawing process. The obtained data are of practical interest for the purposes of planning and standardization of the drawing process with an aim to increase the intensity of operation of the main equipment under the conditions of a working enterprise.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1870 - 1879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duplex stainless steels: requirements, challenges, and solutions","authors":"Aleksandr S. Fedorov,&nbsp;Andrey I. Zhitenev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01894-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01894-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article addresses the key challenges faced by developers, manufacturers, and consumers of cast austenitic-ferritic (duplex) steel products for the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries. It examines the main issues associated with the increased content of alloying elements, which lead to a higher risk of unfavorable secondary phase formation, as well as complications in the production process and in controlling steel purity from harmful impurities. It is shown that existing standards impose varying requirements on chemical composition, macro- and microstructure, as well as mechanical and corrosion properties, making it difficult to ensure the quality control of cast duplex stainless steels (DSSs). The paper discusses the lack of domestic standards and provides solutions implemented by Russian enterprises. Real examples of cast DSSs quality optimization from the authors’ experience are also presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1809 - 1818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of the cladding layer material of a bimetallic pipeline for transporting wet gas","authors":"A. D. Davydov,&nbsp;V. V. Kolnyshenko,&nbsp;M. K. Kurakin,&nbsp;I. A. Simbukhov,&nbsp;A. A. Alkhimenko,&nbsp;N. O. Shaposhnikov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01895-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01895-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oil and gas fields with multifactorial challenges, such as high pressures, temperatures, mineralization, and the combined presence of dissolved CO₂ and H₂S place stringent demands on the materials used in their exploitation. The quest for effective, corrosion-resistant, and economically viable pipeline materials is both urgent and crucial. Bimetallic clad pipelines present a promising solution due to their blend of mechanical properties and internal corrosion resistance. Unlike traditional corrosion protection methods such as corrosion inhibitors, corrosion-resistant steels, and internal polymer coatings, bimetallic clad pipes offer an efficient balance between anti-corrosion performance and cost. This is achieved by using a stainless-steel liner (cladding layer) instead of full-sized pipes made entirely from corrosion-resistant alloys, leading to cost savings on both the material and alloying elements (e.g., Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo). This approach is especially advantageous for pipes with increased thickness and length. However, this solution also has specific characteristics that impose limitations on its applicability. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the operational reliability of bimetallic clad pipelines in the context of wet gas transportation. The findings offer a foundation for the potential substitution of imported pipe products and the development of technical control methods for cladded pipes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 12","pages":"1819 - 1827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of gap configuration on crevice corrosion of 316L stainless steel in chloride-containing aqueous media","authors":"A. S. Gudenko,&nbsp;I. V. Bardin,&nbsp;A. E. Korneev,&nbsp;A. A. Korneev,&nbsp;P. A. Alekseenok,&nbsp;N. V. Parshikova,&nbsp;I. I. Bukharin,&nbsp;E. A. Makarova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01881-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01881-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, crevice corrosion of 316L stainless steel with different gap configurations was studied in aqueous solutions containing 10; 9500; and 19,000 ppm chloride ion at room (25 °C) and elevated (60 °C) temperatures. It has been shown that the likelihood of crevice corrosion in the lack-of-fusion areas during welding on a backing ring increases significantly in the presence of an intermediate gap of approximately 0.2 mm located between the main technological gap with a width of 0.8–1.0 mm and a lack-of-fusion crevice with a width of 5–50 μm. In this case, corrosion occurs even at a 10 ppm concentration of chloride ions in an aqueous solution. This situation was modeled using multiple-crevice samples, in which the groove depth of the non-metallic sleeve was 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5 mm. At a groove depth of 0.2 mm, crevice corrosion occurred in an aqueous solution containing 10 ppm chloride ions. The obtained results can be explained by additional diffusion restrictions in terms of supplying/removing the matter to/from the active dissolution zone in the gap, as well as by blocking of the gap with corrosion products in the presence of an intermediate gap of a certain size.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 11","pages":"1676 - 1687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of rolled steel and large-diameter pipes of K70 and K80 strength classes","authors":"P. P. Stepanov,&nbsp;S. V. Golovin,&nbsp;M. V. Samohvalov,&nbsp;A. V. Chervonniy,&nbsp;S. A. Grishin,&nbsp;Y. S. Shlokov,&nbsp;A. V. Uskov,&nbsp;M. Yu. Nedzvetskiy,&nbsp;V. A. Egorov,&nbsp;A. B. Arabey","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01876-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01876-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contemporary research and development methods were used to establish patterns of structure formation for steels of higher strength classes (K70-K80), which provide a distinctive combination of strength, ductility, and fracture resistance for rolled steel, base metal, and welded joints of 1420 mm diameter pipes. The OMK Vyksa Plant (Vyksa, Russian Federation) was the first Russian pipe manufacturer to produce pilot batches of rolled steel and large-diameter pipes from rolled steel of K80 and K70 strength classes. Pipes with a diameter of 1420×28.0 mm, strength class K80, and diameters of 1420×26.3 mm and 1420×31.6 mm, strength class K70, have been shown to comply with the requirements for main gas pipelines with an operating pressure of 14.7 MPa. Pipes with diameters of 1420×26.3 mm and 1420×31.6 mm, grade K70, have been successfully field tested. The developed technology ensures the industrial production of rolled steel and pipes with a diameter of 1420 mm for gas pipelines with an operating pressure of 14.7 MPa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 11","pages":"1609 - 1624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}