Metallurgist最新文献

{"title":"Numerical analysis of the effect of friction on the motion and collision forces of grinding bodies in a planetary mill","authors":"Artemii V. Aborkin,&nbsp;Aleksei I. Elkin,&nbsp;Varvara V. Ryabkova,&nbsp;Alexander P. Bugayov,&nbsp;Mikhail I. Alymov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01926-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01926-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A computational model describing the motion of grinding bodies in a planetary mill was developed and numerically implemented. A series of numerical experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different friction coefficients on grinding body dynamics. The study evaluates the impact of friction conditions on motion behavior, identifying three distinct regimes: sliding, rolling, and free flight. Additionally, the collision forces of grinding bodies under varying friction conditions were analyzed. Results indicate that increasing friction to its upper limit leads to a more than fivefold increase in the maximum normal collision force. The proposed model provides a valuable tool for assessing mechanical forces in planetary mills during technology development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"147 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of computer modeling for the evaluation of performance of a new method of cross-screw rolling","authors":"Z. Ya. Rotenberg,&nbsp;A. S. Budnikov,&nbsp;M. D. Dudyrev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01927-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01927-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the process of manufacturing seamless pipes and solid round-shaped rolled products, it is customary to apply the procedure of cross-screw rolling in which the process of deformation is carried out under the action of intrafocal axial compression. This process exerts a significant influence on shaping of the workpiece due to the presence of significant transverse deformation. We propose a new method of cross-screw rolling with intrafocal axial stretching. This method is based on the creation of conditions under which the workpiece is deformed with axial tension. For this purpose, we propose to calibrate working rolls with a comb in front of the gripping zone. The assessment of the stress-strain state of the process of screw rolling carried out under the influence of intrafocal axial compression and tension was performed with the help of computer simulation by using the QForm 3D program. The assessment of the adequacy of computer modeling was carried out by comparing the deformation and energy parameters of the experimental rolling in a 14–40 mini-mill and its computer model. The discrepancy between the experimentally obtained values of the deformation and energy parameters and the values given by a computer model does not exceed 15%, which is acceptable and adequate for the analyzed conditions. At the same time, the difference between the values of ovality factor does not exceed 3%, which reflects a positive influence of the experimental calibration on reducing the transverse strains in the workpiece.</p><p>Thus, the implementation of the process of cross-screw rolling with intrafocal axial tension is a promising technological solution for decreasing transverse strains and increasing the efficiency of the process of rolling of metallic workpieces with circular cross-section.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"158 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and properties of the surfacing layer obtained with a powder SHS electrode based on TiC–NiCr","authors":"A. S. Ivanov,&nbsp;M. S. Antipov,&nbsp;P. M. Bazhin,&nbsp;A. M. Stolin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01922-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01922-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A surfacing layer is formed on a substrate made of St3 steel by the electric-arc surfacing method. The possibility of application of crushed press residues with TiC–NiCr composition obtained after the SHS (self-propagating high-temperature synthesis) extrusion and characterized by a range of particle sizes of up to 500 μm as a material for manufacturing of the surfacing SHS electrodes is demonstrated. It is shown that the surfacing layer consists of TiC–TiWC₂ hardening phases 0.5–5 μm in size located in the matrix of Cr–Ni–Fe–C solid solution. The surface hardness of the surfacing layer is equal to 68 ± 1.5 HRC and gradually decreases on approaching the metal substrate down into the depth of the material. We also perform the comparative analysis of the levels of hardness of the surfacing layers obtained by using the proposed powder electrode and its commercial analogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"118 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a dynamic distributor on technological lines for sorting the wastes of metallurgical production and municipal solid waste","authors":"D. V. Gromov,&nbsp;N. S. Kuprienko,&nbsp;R. N. Birchenko,&nbsp;M. G. Naumova,&nbsp;I. G. Morozova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01923-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01923-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider a technology aimed at increasing the uniformity and density of distribution of the wastes of metallurgical plants with fractions 0–5 mm in size and solid domestic wastes in fractions with weights of up to 0.1 kg in the cases of transportation and loading in the segments of sorting complexes operating as parts of industrial enterprises. We propose the design of a dynamic distributor, which makes it possible to obtain uniform distributions of fractions of the indicated sizes over the width of the conveyer belt. The choice of steel for manufacturing of the working body of the dynamic distributor is justified. In the Universal Mechanism program, the working flow of the distribution of fractions is simulated and shows the process of filling of the useful area of the conveyer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"125 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design solution for the automation of a foundry shop","authors":"Konstantin V. Litsin,&nbsp;Anton D. Belodurin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01925-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01925-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article addresses the design and implementation of an automation system for a foundry shop. The process stages are detailed, with an analysis and comparison of the monitoring and control equipment used. An optimized process based on the automation system is described. The hierarchical structure of the process automation system is developed. The selection of equipment is discussed, with a focus on import substitution. The study also evaluates the economic feasibility of the proposed system and analyzes its performance under real production conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"140 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific features of solidification of copper-phosphorus-alloy ingots produced by continuous upward casting","authors":"S. A. Tavolzhanskii,&nbsp;V. A. Lobachev,&nbsp;V. E. Bazhenov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01920-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01920-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study specific features of solidification of cylindrical ingots with a diameter of 50 mm produced of copper-phosphorus alloys by continuous upward casting and intended for the hot extrusion of wire braze-alloy billets. The advantages and disadvantages of the procedure of continuous upward casting as applied to copper alloys are presented. We studied ingots of two alloys, namely, Cu‑7.2%P and Cu‑8.2%P. The Cu‑7.2%P alloy proves to be the most common two-component braze alloy for high-temperature brazing of copper and copper alloys. The Cu‑7.2%P alloy is eutectic and, hence, not suitable for brazing. We studied defects of ingots in the form of concentrated central cavities with wavy surfaces. It is shown that the formation of defects of this kind is possible only for the indicated type of continuous casting when the direction of ingot drawing is opposite to the direction of gravity. The mechanism of formation of the internal wavy surface of these defects is clarified. To prevent the appearance of these defects, it is necessary to create conditions under which the process of solidification of the ingot is completed below the level of the melt in the furnace. The structures of ingots were analyzed both in the longitudinal sections and in cross sections. It is shown that the macrostructure of the ingots of Cu‑8.2%P alloy is columnar. The phenomenon of spontaneous formation of the profile lines of solidification front in metallographic sections of the ingots of Cu‑8.2%P alloy was discovered. The formation of these lines is caused by two factors: the mode of step-by-step drawing and the nature of the alloy. The mode of step-by-step drawing leads to changes in the solidification conditions of the eutectic phases in the course of motion and during the shutdown. Specific features of solidification of the eutectic phases of copper-phosphorus alloys contribute to the formation of their different morphologies in the case where the solidification conditions are modified. The results of measuring of the sizes of dendrite cells in different parts of cross section of the ingot of Cu‑8.2%P alloy enable us to make a conclusion about the similar nature of solidification of the ingot of this alloy and an ingot of Cu‑8.2%P alloy under the identical casting conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"100 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carburization of ultra-low carbon electrical steel during secondary steelmaking","authors":"D. V. Karavaev,&nbsp;A. O. Zyryanov,&nbsp;I. A. Krasnyanskaya,&nbsp;G. I. Kotelnikov,&nbsp;A. I. Volkov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01911-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01911-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the production of ultra-low carbon electrical steel, a significant increase in carbon content is observed after the introduction of alloying elements. One of the sources of carbon is ladle slag. This study describes the mechanism of carbon transfer from oxidizing slag to metal during the deoxidation of steel. A thermodynamic model of carbon solubility in basic oxidizing and reducing slags is proposed, considering the conditions of steelmaking in a converter and subsequent ladle treatment. The influence of ladle slag composition on carbon solubility is analyzed. Recommendations are developed to minimize the carburization of ultra-low carbon metal by slag-derived carbon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"13 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat transfer by convection and conduction in the bath beneath the arcs of high-power arc steel-melting furnaces. Part 1. Laws of thermal radiation of gas volumes in arcs and flames and their use for calculating heat transfer in electric arc furnaces (EAF)","authors":"A. N. Makarov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01910-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01910-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of the analysis of heat sources entering a high-power electric arc furnace are presented. Electric arcs are the primary heat sources in such furnaces. Heat transfer from the ionized gas volumes of arcs and the non-ionized gas volumes of flames from oxy-fuel burners to the heating surfaces in an electric arc furnace (EAF) occurs through thermal radiation. A significant error in calculating the heat transfer of gas volumes in arcs and flames to heating surfaces using the law of thermal radiation of blackbodies, i.e., the Stefan-Boltzmann law, has been demonstrated. The laws of thermal radiation of gas volumes in electric arcs and flames in EAFs, discovered in Russia between 1996 and 2001, are presented. According to these laws, cylindrical gas volumes are inscribed within the gas volumes of arcs and flames, and in calculations, their thermal radiation is modeled with high accuracy as the thermal radiation of cylindrical axes of symmetry. Based on the discovered laws, a method for calculating heat transfer in EAFs has been developed. The results of arc parameter calculations and the principle of converting the radiative heat flux into powerful convective and conductive heat flows during the turbulent movement of slag and metal in the bath are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of steel ladle vacuum degassing processes","authors":"A. V. Protasov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01912-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01912-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Secondary steel processing is a critical stage in modern steel production, addressing both steel quality improvement and production efficiency. However, existing secondary processing methods have various limitations and require further refinement. Among these methods, the simplified bottomless vacuum chamber degassing process stands out due to its technological and structural advantages. This article examines the key parameters of this process and provides recommendations for its industrial application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"21 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Effect of yttrium and erbium on the microstructure and superplasticity of Ti–4Al–3Mo–1V alloy","authors":"Alena Yu. Trishina,&nbsp;Anton D. Kotov,&nbsp;Maria N. Postnikova,&nbsp;Anastasia V. Mikhaylovskaya","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01929-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01929-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 1","pages":"174 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}