Metallurgist最新文献

{"title":"Initial stage of titanium alloy tube billet extrusion: simulation and experiment","authors":"Yu. N. Loginov,&nbsp;A. G. Illarionov,&nbsp;F. V. Vodolazskiy,&nbsp;A. Yu. Postyliakov,&nbsp;M. S. Karabanalov,&nbsp;A. A. Posokhin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01808-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01808-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents the results of the modeling of the behavior of the titanium alloy Ti-3Al‑2.5V at the initial stage of extrusion of a tube billet. The influence of the gaps between the surfaces of the tool and the billet on the nature of its shape change and the strain state is discussed. In particular, the most deformed tube parts of the maximum (by modulus) strain tensor values are identified. The dependence of the Ti-3Al‑2.5V alloy tube extrusion force on the stroke of the pressure pad is calculated. The results of the calculation of the maximum forces and the forces at the steady-state stage are in good agreement with the data obtained under an industrial experiment. Horizontal extrusion leads to an asymmetry in the location of the deformation fields relative to the extrusion axis. Accordingly, an asymmetric distribution of properties arises in the extruded tube, which is experimentally confirmed using hardness measurements. Correspondence is established between the simulation data on the heterogeneity of the strain distribution over the wall thickness of the hot-pressed tube made of titanium alloy Ti-3Al‑2.5V, considering the pressing-out, with the results of micro- and X‑ray structural studies of the tube semifinished product obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 7","pages":"992 - 1000"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental testing of a new helical rolling technology","authors":"Zh. Ya. Rotenberg,&nbsp;A. S. Budnikov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01816-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01816-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Screw rolling is widely used in manufacturing seamless pipes and solid round products. In any operating helical rolling mill, deformation occurs under the influence of intrafocal axial compression (i.e., with backing), leading to significant transverse deformation. Consequently, metal shaping occurs under conditions of sign-variable radial deformation, which consumes a significant part of the power expended during rolling. As a result, the implementation of the rolling process under the influence of intrafocal axial extension (i.e., with tension) creates the most favorable conditions for the flow of metal in the deformation zone. The proposed technological solution opens up prospects for the use of swaging and rolling mills for screw rolling in producing continuous rolled products and specialized pipes in a wide range of sizes and grades. This article presents the results of the first experimental testing of a new helical rolling process performed on a mini-mill 14–40 under the conditions of the research and production center of the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the National University of Science and Technology “MISIS.” The experiment confirmed the operability of the new technology of helical rolling as a whole. The results obtained during experimental rolling showed that the specific power expended on the deformation of a unit volume, depending on the total reduction, was reduced by 25.4–37.3%, whereas the transverse deformation of the rolled billet was significantly reduced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 7","pages":"1065 - 1072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of hollow billets for the production of railway wheels and hollow car axles by screw piercing method","authors":"V. P. Romanenko,&nbsp;A. V. Fomin,&nbsp;S. M. Kriskovich,&nbsp;A. A. Sevastyanov,&nbsp;G. A. Filippov,&nbsp;D. S. Ilyukhin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01788-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01788-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of the inspection of mechanical properties were provided for very-thick-walled shells (<i>D</i>/<i>S</i> ≈ 3.06 and <i>D/S ≈</i> 3.1) made from T‑grade steel wheel manufactured by screw piercing using experimental and industrial two-high mill MISiS 130D with the feed angle <i>β</i> = 12°/<i>μ</i> = 1.26 and <i>β</i> = 14°/<i>μ</i> = 1.36. A comparison of the obtained results of mechanical properties showed that the piercing process with a larger feed angle (i.e., <i>β</i> = 14°/<i>μ</i> = 1.36) is more preferable than the piercing process with <i>β</i> = 12°/<i>μ</i> = 1.26 to improve the properties of initial hollow billets. The analysis of the dimensions of very-thick-walled shells made from steel wheel with the ratio of <i>D/S ≈</i> 3.1 manufactured by piercing using the screw rolling mill MISiS 130D showed high precision, with outer diameter deviation ∆<i>D</i> = (−0.1 mm; +0.3 mm), inner diameter deviation ∆<i>d</i> = (0 mm; +0.4 mm), and wall thickness deviation ∆<i>S</i> = (−0.3 mm; +0.2 mm). When manufacturing hollow billets made from axle steel to manufacture hollow car axles using the industrial pipe rolling mill 70-270 (Vyksa Steel Works), we registered the positive effect of the screw piercing process (<i>β</i> = 12°/<i>μ</i> = 1.3) on strength, plastic properties, and impact strength, that is, relative elongation (<i>δ</i>; initial/as-pierced condition) was 38.9%/41.9 MPa and impact strength KCU⁺²⁰ was 63.3/72 J/cm².</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 6","pages":"812 - 819"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of phase composition and heat resistance of piston silumin and experimental alloy Al4Cu2Mn0·5Ca0·2Zr (wt. %)","authors":"N. A. Belov,&nbsp;A. I. Kovalev,&nbsp;D. A. Vinnik,&nbsp;K. A. Tsydenov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01793-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01793-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based upon the Al-Cu-Mn system, aluminum hypoeutectic heat resistant aluminum alloy of the Al₄Cu₂Mn_0.5Ca_0.2Zr (wt. %) (P2) composition is developed, synthesized, and studied. An effect of increasing thermal stability is achieved due to nanosize dispersed intermetallics Al₂₀Cu₂Mn₃ and Al₃Zr, and also with addition of eutectic-forming elements, whose role is played by calcium. It is established that reserves of alloying an aluminum matrix within piston silumin is almost exhausted by the limit of silicon, copper and manganese solubility within aluminum solid solution. In order to substantiate the piston silumin P1 chemical composition a calculation is made for the phase composition of the Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni-Fe-Mn system by means of Thrmoclac software. Welded alloy microstructure is studied by means of electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microanalysis (XRMA). Vickers hardness of the alloy proposed P2 and equivalent piston silumin P1 is compared in the original condition and after annealing at 250 and 400 °C with a step of 50 °C, as a result of which alloy P2 developed retains more effectively hardness on heating, than for alloy P1, being potentially more heat resistant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 6","pages":"866 - 876"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New welding wire for welding high-strength quenched and tempered steels","authors":"B. V. Paramonov,&nbsp;A. V. Kuklev,&nbsp;A. N. Bortsov,&nbsp;V. V. Orlov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01789-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01789-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article is devoted to the complex challenges associated with the development of welding wire for welding high-strength steel in shielding gases.</p><p>In the development of welding wire, it is essential to address a number of considerations related to the resistance of welded joints to hot and cold cracking, wire production technology, the regulatory level of mechanical properties, the manufacturability of the welding process, and the environmentally friendly working conditions of welders. These factors should be taken into account when determining the chemical composition of the wire. This is a challenging and multifactorial task related to optimizing the chemical composition of the wire in order to ensure compliance with all of the aforementioned requirements. The formation of cold cracks in welded joints of steels that have undergone electroslag remelting can be prevented by increasing the austenitic stability of the weld metal. This can be achieved by increasing the nickel content in the welding wire. However, this results in a decrease in the resistance of the weld metal to the formation of hot cracks and a reduction in hot ductility. This makes the technology of metal rolling for wire manufacture more challenging. To enhance the resistance of the weld metal to the formation of hot cracks, it is necessary to increase the chromium content in the welding wire. However, this approach results in an increase in the ferritic phase within the weld, which subsequently leads to a reduction in the resistance of the welded joint to the formation of cold cracks. The results of the research on the effect of the chemical composition of welding wire, when varying the Cr_eq/Ni_eq ratio, on the indicators of technological strength were used to optimize the composition of the new welding wire. The experimental data on the properties of welded joints of high-strength steels made with a new welding wire demonstrated an advantage over serial joints manufactured with the Sv-08Kh20N9G7T grade wire. Furthermore, the studies of the welding aerosol showed a 6.6-fold reduction in the content of toxic manganese oxides when welding with the new wire in comparison to the conventional Sv-08Kh20N9G7T.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 6","pages":"820 - 827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of new alloy compositions based on the Al–Cu–Mg–Y(Er)–Cr system for additive manufacturing","authors":"M. V. Glavatskikh,&nbsp;R. Yu. Barkov,&nbsp;I. S. Loginova,&nbsp;A. V. Pozdniakov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01806-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01806-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evolution of the microstructure of new Al–Cu–Mg–Y(Er)–Cr alloys is studied during casting, surface laser melting, simulating selective laser melting, and subsequent homogenization annealing. A structure of surface laser melting tracks without defects of crystallization origin, in particular, hot cracks, is obtained. At the same time the track zone does not have a shrinkage cavity and porosity. The grain structure of tracks is represented by a narrow zone of columnar crystals and a zone of equiaxed crystals about 5 μm in size. During homogenization of the AlCuYMgCr–L alloy particles grow in size to approximately 500 nm, while in AlCuErMgCr–L alloy they grow to a significantly larger size of 2 μm. A common feature for both alloys is presence within aluminum solid solution of a large number of particles less than 100 nm in size. According to studies and thermodynamic calculations conducted previously, during alloy homogenization of these alloys, heterogenization should occur with nucleation of L1₂–Al₃(Zr,Y)/L1₂–Al₃(Zr,Er) and Al₄₅Cr₇ phases dispersoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 7","pages":"976 - 983"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a mathematical model of dry granulation of molten blast-furnace slag","authors":"A. S. Andreev,&nbsp;N. N. Sinitsyn","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01799-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01799-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A mathematical model of the aerodynamic and thermal processes in dry granulation of molten blast-furnace slag is developed and evaluated, and a relevant problem is formulated. The model is supposed to be used for numerical optimization of the process parameters when issuing input data for the design of the dry granulation plant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 6","pages":"922 - 930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of electromagnetic stirring systems in CCMs, and their influence on macrostructure quality of billets","authors":"G. N. Kononyhin,&nbsp;V. P. Glebov,&nbsp;S. I. Shakhov,&nbsp;Y. M. Rogatchikov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01787-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01787-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electromagnetic stirring is a technique of influencing the crystallization pattern of a continuously cast workpiece and suppressing the development of a number of macrostructural defects in it. In this study, technological schemes are presented for application of electromagnetic fields in continuous-casting machines (CCMs) while discussing the resultant physical effects. We present actual results on the quality of steel obtained using a roller-type EMS system installed in the secondary cooling zone of a slab CCM at Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 6","pages":"803 - 811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and elemental composition of titanium powders for additive machines obtained by electrospark dispersion of OT4 alloy metal waste in propyl alcohol","authors":"E. V. Ageev,&nbsp;O. N. Didmanidze","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01811-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01811-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the conducted experimental studies aimed at studying the morphology and elemental composition of titanium powders for additive machines obtained by electrospark dispersion of metal waste of the OT4 alloy in propyl alcohol, it is shown that the process of rapid crystallization of molten OT4 in a liquid working medium contributes to spherical shaping of the particles containing the main elements of Ti and Al. Spherical titanium powder materials obtained from the titanium alloy OT4waste can be effectively used in additive manufacturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 7","pages":"1024 - 1031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of heat-resistant nickel alloy with γ-phase structure scaling resistance","authors":"V. G. Molyarov,&nbsp;M. Yu. Belomyttsev","doi":"10.1007/s11015-024-01807-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-024-01807-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Features of high-temperature oxidation of N70VTYu-ID alloy with γ‑solid solution structure are studied. It is shown that characteristics describing this process stabilize with increasing oxidation time. The calculated oxidation activation energy is ~220,000 ± 5000 J/mol, which is comparable to the nickel self-diffusion activation energy. Influence of preliminary short-term high-temperature oxidation on alloy scale resistance is investigated. It is shown that this combined heat treatment can briefly increase N70VTYu-ID alloy scale resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"68 7","pages":"984 - 991"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}