Import substitution of the mold tubes for billet and bloom CCM

Abstract

The CCM productivity and the quality of steel blanks largely depend on how well the mold meets all technological requirements, the main of which is to ensure the necessary uniformity and intensity of heat removal from the ingot shell without collapsing under the exposure to heat from the steel melt, ferrostatic pressure of the liquid phase, and thermal cracking. Mold tubes are the main replaceable tool of the molds of the modern billet and bloom casters. They represent high-tech products manufactured with high precision, and contain a special wear-resistant coating applied to their working surface.