MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01957-w
M. S. Egorov, R. V. Egorova
{"title":"Martensitic transformation in sintered powder steels with ultrafine particles","authors":"M. S. Egorov, R. V. Egorova","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01957-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01957-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The authors investigate the patterns of martensitic transformation during quenching of sintered steels containing ultrafine particles. The presence of porosity in sintered steels was found to accelerate the process of martensitic transformation due to the facilitated nucleation of martensite on the pore surfaces and the lower resistance of porous austenite to transformation deformations. As a result, an increase in porosity leads to an increase in the martensite start temperature. At the same time, the introduction of ultrafine particles does not affect the martensite start temperature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"431 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01974-9
A. S. Guzenkova, I. V. Artamonova, S. A. Guzenkov, S. S. Ivanov
{"title":"Chemical composition of pipe steel corrosion products in gas condensate","authors":"A. S. Guzenkova, I. V. Artamonova, S. A. Guzenkov, S. S. Ivanov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01974-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01974-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The composition of corrosion products and solid deposits in the form of conical protrusions in the vicinity of a through-hole discovered during the repair of a gas condensate well after 256 days of operation in the Dengizkul field (Uzbekistan) was investigated. The area of corrosive destruction was located 5–8 cm from the perimeter of the through hole and extended in the direction of gas condensate flow. The quantitative distribution of nine chemical elements in corrosion products and solid deposits was determined. These deposits contain all the alloying and impurity elements of the pipe steel, as well as chlorine originating from gas condensate, hydrochloric acid used for well treatment, and water. In addition to iron, the highest concentration of sulfur in the corrosion products is observed, ranging from 19.29 to 33.85 wt %, indicating that iron is predominantly present in the form of sulfides. The concentration of the remaining alloying and impurity elements is generally less than 1%, but in samples from certain areas it reaches up to 2.23 wt %. The concentrations of chlorine, calcium, and silicon in solid deposits from gas condensate-containing fluids exceed their levels in corrosion products. These elements are present in concentrations greater than 1%. The research findings may prove useful in understanding the mechanism of pipe steel degradation and in optimizing acid treatment processes during well operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 4","pages":"572 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01951-2
V. A. Egorov, P. P. Stepanov, A. A. Kichkina, T. S. Esiev, V. O. Makhanev, A. B. Arabey
{"title":"Study of the fine structure of pipe steel after long-term holding at elevated temperature","authors":"V. A. Egorov, P. P. Stepanov, A. A. Kichkina, T. S. Esiev, V. O. Makhanev, A. B. Arabey","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01951-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01951-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Or aim is to study the processes of changes in the microstructure and fine structure of pipe steel in he course of long-term holding at elevated temperatures (400 °C). By the method of transmission-electron microscopy, we investigated samples 1420 × 25.8 mm in size of the base metal of a pipe of strength class K60 in the initial state and after holding for up to 200 h at a temperature of 400 °C. It is shown that, in the course of long-term holding at 400 °C, we do not observe any noticeable changes in the structure of the ferrite matrix of samples of the base metal of the pipes made of specially developed steel, including the dislocation and subgrain structures of ferrite, as compared with samples without tempering. We recorded the changes observed in the course of tempering at 400 °C in the high-carbon phase of the samples as compared to an initial sample. Indeed, we detect tempering of martensite “islands,” precipitation of cementite particles, and decomposition of austenite into a ferrite–cementite mixture. Carbonitride phases do not undergo any visible changes in the course of tempering and are identical for all investigated samples. The obtained results serve as a microstructural justification of stability of the level of the mechanical properties of the investigated steel as a result of long-term holding at 400 °C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"369 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01952-1
M. R. Khismatullin, L. A. Efimenko, A. A. Ramus
{"title":"Developing a model of metal structure formation in the heat-affected zone of high-strength pipe steels","authors":"M. R. Khismatullin, L. A. Efimenko, A. A. Ramus","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01952-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01952-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article presents the results of developing a model that employs artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the structural-phase composition of the weld-affected zone (WAZ) metal in high-strength steels used to produce pipes of K60–K70 strength classes. The model consists of four sub-blocks that sequentially predict parameters determining the final structural-phase composition of the WAZ metal, such as average austenite grain diameter, critical temperatures of austenite decomposition, and both qualitative and quantitative structural-phase compositions. Each sub-block utilizes ANNs that have been developed, trained, and stored as functions in the MATLAB software environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"381 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01964-x
Yu. N. Loginov, A. E. Pervukhin, G. V. Shimov, N. I. Bushueva
{"title":"Hot-extrusion of platinum-rhodium alloy tubes","authors":"Yu. N. Loginov, A. E. Pervukhin, G. V. Shimov, N. I. Bushueva","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01964-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01964-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A technological method for producing tubes from PtRh7 platinum-rhodium alloy by hot extrusion has been examined. Finite element analysis was used to perform process calculations. Two technological variants were simulated—with extrusion speeds of 27 mm/s and 3 mm/s. It was found that extrusion at a low speed may lead to metal cooling, resulting in an unacceptable increase in axial stresses and forces. Graphical data on strain and temperature distribution are presented. The extrusion process was implemented using a rational variant of parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 4","pages":"480 - 487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01956-x
P. V. Panin, I. A. Bogachev, E. B. Alekseev, E. A. Lukina, D. I. Sukhov, S. A. Naprienko
{"title":"Gas atomized powder compositions of heat-resistant titanium aluminide alloys","authors":"P. V. Panin, I. A. Bogachev, E. B. Alekseev, E. A. Lukina, D. I. Sukhov, S. A. Naprienko","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01956-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01956-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At the NRC “Kurchatov Institute”—VIAM, metal powder compositions (MPC) of domestic heat-resistant titanium aluminide alloys were fabricated using electrode induction melting gas atomization. They included Ti–44.5AI–2V–1Nb–2Cr–0.1Gd (at %) γ‑TiAl alloy (grade VIT7L) and Ti–22Al–23Nb–0.5Mo–0.8Zr–1.4 V–0.4Si–0.2C (at. %) orthorhombic Ti<sub>2</sub>AlNb alloy (grade VTI‑4). Elemental analysis of the metal powders demonstrated a close match to the initial cast electrodes. The powders consist of rapidly solidified in-situ particles with dendritic structure and metastable phase compositions of (γ+α(α<sub>2</sub>)+β) and (β+α<sub>2</sub>+O), typical for the quenched state of the VIT7L and VTI‑4 alloys, respectively. The MPCs of the target fraction (40–100 µm) displayed high quality indices of flowability and sphericity, making them suitable for additive manufacturing by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"417 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01977-6
Aleksandr V. Kozhevnikov, Anton V. Samoilov
{"title":"Control methods for preventing roll slippage in asymmetric sheet rolling","authors":"Aleksandr V. Kozhevnikov, Anton V. Samoilov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01977-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01977-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the risks in asymmetric sheet rolling is roll slippage relative to the strip, which may cause significant process disruptions. This paper presents analytical methods for assessing and preventing roll slippage, which rely on deformation zone analysis and on the control of the process parameters during the asymmetric rolling of steel strips. An analytical expression is derived that defines the onset condition for slippage as a function of the geometric and load parameters of the deformation zone. A condition for eliminating slippage by adjusting interstand tensions is also formulated. The proposed methods were validated on a continuous cold-rolling mill with asymmetric work rolls.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 4","pages":"592 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01954-z
M. E. Rygina, A. N. Prudnikov, M. S. Petukevich, A. D. Teresov, Yu. F. Ivanov
{"title":"Phase composition and structure of hypereutectic silumin AK20 irradiated by a pulsed electron beam of sub-millisecond exposure duration","authors":"M. E. Rygina, A. N. Prudnikov, M. S. Petukevich, A. D. Teresov, Yu. F. Ivanov","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01954-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01954-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the authors analyzed the structural-phase transformations in the surface layer of hypereutectic silumin AK20 (Al—20 wt. % Si), initiated by a sub-millisecond exposure to a pulsed electron beam. It has been established that irradiation of hypereutectic silumin with a pulsed electron beam (17 keV, (15–70) J/cm<sup>2</sup>, 150 μs, 3 pulses, 0.3 s<sup>-1</sup>) is accompanied by high-speed melting of a surface layer up to 120 μm thick, followed by high-speed crystallization with the formation of a cellular-columnar type structure with a transverse cell size of 0.5 to 2.9 μm. It has been shown that crystallization cells are formed by a solid solution based on aluminum and are separated by layers 120 to 700 nm thick, formed by amorphous and crystalline (nanocrystalline) silicon. It has been established that the sizes of cells and the layers separating them increase with increasing energy density of the electron beam. Using X‑ray diffraction analysis methods, changes in the parameters and micro-distortions of the crystal lattice of aluminum and silicon were revealed after exposure to a pulsed electron beam.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"401 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01949-w
I. S. Bersenev, V. V. Bragin, Yu. A. Chesnokov, A. I. Gruzdev, E. R. Sabirov, N. A. Spirin
{"title":"Peculiarities of fracture of iron–ore pellets in the course of reduction heat treatment","authors":"I. S. Bersenev, V. V. Bragin, Yu. A. Chesnokov, A. I. Gruzdev, E. R. Sabirov, N. A. Spirin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01949-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01949-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strength and metallurgical properties of pellets are determined by their structure. Therefore, the problem of investigation of their relationships remains quite urgent. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the specific features of fracture of the pellets in the course of reduction and determine the ratio of different fractions of the broken pellets (fractions +5 mm and −0.5 mm) obtained as a result of high-temperature reduction treatment. We use the experimental methods of investigations. It was discovered that the strength of pellets in the course of reduction decreases down to 0.21±0.40 of the initial compression strength. The minimum level of strength of the pellets is observed for the degree of reduction equal to 20–40%, which corresponds to the maximum level of internal tension in the course of rearrangement of the crystal lattice of iron-ore phases. The yields of reference grain-size fractions in the course of ISO 13930 tests are correlated with each other and, moreover, the yields of the fractions −3.15 and −0.5 are comparable. The fine fracture products are mainly represented by dust formed as an abrasion by-product. The process of cleavage of pellets plays a relatively minor role in their destruction in the course of reduction (at most 50% of the substandard fraction). The grain-size composition of the products of the process of destruction of pellets running in the course of reduction is partially correlated with the fracture products in the cold state: the yield of a fraction of 0.5 mm is correlated for cold and hot strength, while yield of a fraction of +5 mm depends on the specific features of microstructure. If the microstructure is mostly represented by the iron-ore phases (at least 97%), then the pellets are more susceptible to fracture by cleavage accompanied by the formation of a size fraction of −5 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"349 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MetallurgistPub Date : 2025-07-14DOI: 10.1007/s11015-025-01961-0
Sergey P. Eron’ko, Elena V. Oshovskaya, Maksim I. Prilutskiy, Vladislav E. Seregin
{"title":"Mechanized system for feeding slag-forming mixture into the mold of a continuous casting machine for extra-large round billets","authors":"Sergey P. Eron’ko, Elena V. Oshovskaya, Maksim I. Prilutskiy, Vladislav E. Seregin","doi":"10.1007/s11015-025-01961-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11015-025-01961-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the design features of a mechanized system for feeding slag-forming mixture into the mold of a continuous casting machine used for producing round billets with a diameter exceeding 800 mm. The operating principle of the control unit is described; it maintains the specified trajectory of the system’s guide nozzle relative to the surface of the molten steel and ensures uniform distribution of the bulk material over it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":702,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgist","volume":"69 3","pages":"460 - 466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}