农业科学与技术:B最新文献_第7页

Facilitating Trade in Organic Food Products: The Case of India and ASEAN 促进有机食品贸易:以印度和东盟为例

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-04-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.008

A. Mukherjee, Avantika Kapoor

{"title":"Facilitating Trade in Organic Food Products: The Case of India and ASEAN","authors":"A. Mukherjee, Avantika Kapoor","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses how India and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries can increase their trade in organic food products. With rise in demand for organic food products globally, India and select ASEAN member countries have become key producers and exporters of organic food products. Trade in organic food products is governed by regulations, standards, certification and accreditation procedures, which enables differentiation of organic products from conventional products. Organic standards ensure premium price for the farmers and producers, while consumers are assured of authenticity of the product. Standards can act as a barrier to trade as regulations governing organic food products can vary across countries. Some countries are also in process of developing regulations. This paper discusses the role of different multilateral agencies in designing standards and how countries can address issues of difference in standards by signing unilateral and bilateral equivalence arrangements, trade agreements and harmonizing their standards within regional groups. It also discusses how India and ASEAN countries can align their domestic regulations in line with the global best practices so that they can sign equivalence arrangements to enhance their exports. The paper concludes that measures such as coming up with a comprehensive definition of “organic”, having a uniform standard for organic products encompassing domestic market and trade, having a single nodal agency for both domestic market and exports, developing organic clusters and reducing the cost of third-party certification will help enhance trade in India and ASEAN, and enable these countries to access third country markets.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41649039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Zinc (Zn) Fertilization on Alleviating Cd Accumulation in Durum Wheat Grain 锌（Zn）肥减轻小麦籽粒镉积累的效果

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-04-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.001

F. Özkutlu, Ş. Kara

{"title":"The Effect of Zinc (Zn) Fertilization on Alleviating Cd Accumulation in Durum Wheat Grain","authors":"F. Özkutlu, Ş. Kara","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium (Cd) contamination of agricultural soils may pose severe risks and hazards for humans through food chain, as crop plants accumulate Cd in their edible tissues. Cd translocation from soil to plant is largely dependent on soil and plant type. Cd accumulation occurs much more in crop plants grown in soils with severe zinc (Zn) deficiency and durum wheat tends to accumulate more Cd in grain than the other cereals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the alleviating effect of Zn fertilization on Cd accumulation in durum wheat grain. A pot experiment including foliar Zn application of 0.3% w/v ZnSO4 and soil Cd applications of 0, 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg was carried out in a completely randomized design using a Zn-deficient soil. Grain Cd concentration of plants receiving 0 mg/kg Cd was 31 μg/kg, whereas with 0.2 mg/kg and 1.0 mg/kg Cd applications it increased to the levels of 215 μg/kg and 1,489 μg/kg, respectively. Along with 0.3% ZnSO4 leaf applications, grain Cd concentrations decreased to 171 μg/kg and 754 μg/kg, by a reduction of 20.5% and 49.3%, respectively. In conclusion, it was determined that leaf applied Zn fertilizer might alleviate Cd accumulation in durum wheat grain in Zn deficiency conditions.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43477496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Improvement of Soil Fertility and Crop Yield through Biochar Amendment from Salt Affected Soil of Central China 中部盐渍土生物炭改良改良土壤肥力和作物产量的研究

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-04-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.002

Muhammad Siddique Lashari, Bakht-un-Nisa Mangan, I. Rajpar, Haishi Ji, G. Pan, A. Lashari, Jiangkuan Nan

{"title":"Improvement of Soil Fertility and Crop Yield through Biochar Amendment from Salt Affected Soil of Central China","authors":"Muhammad Siddique Lashari, Bakht-un-Nisa Mangan, I. Rajpar, Haishi Ji, G. Pan, A. Lashari, Jiangkuan Nan","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity has been considered a brutal environmental factor for decreasing crop yield due to the accumulation of excessive sodium salts in soil under arid and semi-arid region of the world. This study tries to address the potential use of biochar. An organic matter rich material, used to reclaim salt-stressed soil in order to enhance crop production in dry croplands as well as to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and to improve soil fertility. In this regard, a field experiment for two years was conducted in a moderately salt-stressed soil of Central China with wheat-maize cropping system. The soil was amended with biochar composted with poultry manure (BPC) at 12 t/ha with diluted pyroligneous solution (PS) at 0.15 t/ha a week before sowing of crop. Results showed significant improvement in soil physical properties, soil nutrient content with reduction of sodium salts and soil pH by amendment of BPC-PS1 and BPC-PS2 over the experimental control salt-stressed cropland. Furthermore, wheat and maize grain yield, nitrogen, phosphorous potassium and K/Na ratio increased while sodium decreased with the application of BPC-PS amendment in wheat and maize grain. This study concluded that the biochar amendment in conjunction with PS greatly improved SOC storage, crop nutrient uptake and soil fertility. Thus, waste treatment of crop straw and poultry manure compost as biochar could be combined to alleviate salt stress and improve crop production in the vast area of arid and semi-arid regions of the world.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67559357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Canopy Management of Table Grapes Cultivar in Tropical Conditions 热带条件下鲜食葡萄品种的冠层管理

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-04-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.004

P. Leão, M. Lima

{"title":"Canopy Management of Table Grapes Cultivar in Tropical Conditions","authors":"P. Leão, M. Lima","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"The production of some seedless table grapes under tropical conditions presents low bud fertility on the main canes and low yield, which leads to the need of pruning in the lateral shoots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the canopy management for the formation of lateral shoots associated with density of canes on the yield and quality of grapes “Sugraone” in the São Francisco Valley. The experiment was carried out over two growing seasons (2011-2012) in a commercial vineyard of Sugraone in Petrolina, Pernambuco state, Brazil. The treatments consisted of two canopy managements (shoot topping associated to elimination of lateral shoots and shoot topping and formation of lateral shoots) combined with two to three densities of canes after pruning (1.8, 2.8 and 3.8 canes/m). The formation of “lateral shoots” increased yield and number of clusters per plant during two consecutive growing seasons, besides using 2.8 varas/m resulted in highest yields only in 2011 growing season. The variables mass bunch, mass berry, soluble solids (SS), soluble sugar, titratable acidity (TA) and pulp firmness were not affected by treatments, while the attributes related to color, as like brightness and hue angle of the skin, and total extractable polyphenols content were influenced by canopy management, especially in the 2012 growing season. Shoot topping to induce formation of laterals shoots associated with density of 2.8 canes/m increased the yield of seedless grapes cultivar Sugraone grown in the São Francisco Valley, not significantly affecting the quality of the grape.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44263086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influence of Cutting Stages and Sugarcane Varieties on Sucrose Content in a Brazilian Power Plant with Mechanized Harvesting 巴西某机械化收获电厂采伐期和甘蔗品种对蔗糖含量的影响

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-04-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.003

R. Cervi, Sérgio Augusto Rodrigues, E. K. Filho, P. D. Oliveira

{"title":"Influence of Cutting Stages and Sugarcane Varieties on Sucrose Content in a Brazilian Power Plant with Mechanized Harvesting","authors":"R. Cervi, Sérgio Augusto Rodrigues, E. K. Filho, P. D. Oliveira","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study, carried out in a sugarcane mill located in the center-west region of São Paulo state, Brazil, aimed to evaluate the association of sucrose amount (POL%) with sugarcane varieties and cutting stages using mechanized harvesting. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), complemented by multiple comparison tests, was used in order to identify the effects of variety types and cutting stages on the sugarcane POL% content. An interaction between the sugarcane variety and the cutting stage was observed; therefore, both two factors cannot be independently evaluated regarding POL%. In addition, it was found that the sucrose amount from the plant production in the evaluated period presented significant differences between the cutting stages only for one variety, namely CTC2, which was different from the others in most of the cutting stages. Considering the observed results, it can be concluded that analyzing sucrose amount statistically in the mill production can allow producers to posteriorly better monitor information on the sugarcane varieties harvested under mechanized processes.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46815426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of the Growth Promoter VIUSID Agro on the Morphophysiological and Productive Performance of Tobacco Growth (Nicotiana tabacum L.) 生长促进剂VIUSID Agro对烟草生长形态、生理及生产性能的影响

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.002

Kolima Peña, J. C. Rodríguez, D. Olivera, Alexander Calero, Richel Dorta, J. Meléndrez, Yariel Fernando Veloso, Bulent Kukurtcu

{"title":"Effect of the Growth Promoter VIUSID Agro on the Morphophysiological and Productive Performance of Tobacco Growth (Nicotiana tabacum L.)","authors":"Kolima Peña, J. C. Rodríguez, D. Olivera, Alexander Calero, Richel Dorta, J. Meléndrez, Yariel Fernando Veloso, Bulent Kukurtcu","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"With the objective of evaluating the effect of VIUSID agro on the morphophysiological and productive performance of tobacco seedlings, a randomised block experiment was designed with five treatments and three replications. The variants were: dosage of 0.2, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 L/ha and one control. The variables are recorded at three points of the cultivation cycle 10th, 20th and 30th days after planting (DAP). Among the indicators evaluated were the fresh and dry mass of the plants, the leaves per plant, foliar area, the length and diameter of the stalk as well as the characteristics of the root. The rates of physiological growth and agricultural yield were also evaluated. The results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the fresh and dry mass of the plants when VIUSID was used. Regarding the length of the stalk, the average increases of those treated in comparison to the control in the final evaluation were 28.42%, 30.51%, 41.17% and 38.43%. In terms of the diameter of the stalk and the foliar area in all evaluations, the treatments with VIUSID significantly exceeded the control. The absolute growth rate and net assimilation was significantly higher when the product was used. In the relative growth rate, the most favourable behaviour was the dosage of 0.5 L/ha, in final evaluation. With regard to yield, the best performance with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) to the other treatments was the dosage of 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 L/ha. Therefore, VIUSID agro had a positive influence on the morphophysiological and productive indicators of the tobacco seedlings.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46583236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Government’s Interventional Training Impact on Farms Competitiveness 政府干预培训对农场竞争力的影响

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.005

V. Vitunskienė, Edvardas Makšeckas

引用次数: 1

Indole Butyric and Boric Acids in the Rooting of Atemoya “Thompson” Stem Cuttings 吲哚、丁酸和硼酸在红豆茎插条生根中的作用

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.003

F. C. M. Gonçalves, M. D. Nasser, Lucas Lencioni Arruda, G. Ferreira, E. Ono, J. Rodrigues

{"title":"Indole Butyric and Boric Acids in the Rooting of Atemoya “Thompson” Stem Cuttings","authors":"F. C. M. Gonçalves, M. D. Nasser, Lucas Lencioni Arruda, G. Ferreira, E. Ono, J. Rodrigues","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of indole butyric acid (IBA) and boric acid to induce rooting on atemoya “Thompson” cuttings. A randomized block design with 10 treatments and four blocks was laid out. The treatments consisted in the use of different levels of IBA (i.e., 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 mg/L) with or without boric acid at 150 mg/L. The cuttings were placed to root in expanded polystyrene (EPS) trays with 72 cells and kept in a greenhouse under misting. At 120 d after planting, leaf dry and fresh masses (g), root dry and fresh masses (g), percentage of rooting, live cuttings (LC), live cuttings with callus (LCC), number of roots per cuttings and number of emitted leaves (NEL) were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% probability. Results indicated no statistically significant differences in both application methods (separate or associated with boric acid) for all evaluated variables, except for LC, in which boric acid provided higher survival rates. It could be concluded that the propagation method using either separate IBA application or associated with boric acid is unsuitable to induce rooting on atemoya “Thompson” cuttings.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43804308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetically Treated Irrigation Water Improves the Production and the Fruit Quality of Strawberry Plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in the Northwest of Morocco 磁处理灌溉水提高摩洛哥西北部草莓(Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)产量和果实品质

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.001

Houda Taimourya, M. Oussible, L. Baamal, E. H. Bourarach, N. Hassanain, L. Masmoudi, A. Harif

{"title":"Magnetically Treated Irrigation Water Improves the Production and the Fruit Quality of Strawberry Plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in the Northwest of Morocco","authors":"Houda Taimourya, M. Oussible, L. Baamal, E. H. Bourarach, N. Hassanain, L. Masmoudi, A. Harif","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of magnetically treated water has been investigated and applied in many countries such as Russia, Australia, Israel, China and Japan. Studies have shown that the magnetic field is used as a safe alternative to improve plant growth and development. Although the properties of magnetically treated water have received a great deal of interest in recent years, there are no studies conducted in Moroccan agricultural conditions. The present study aimed at gaining more insight on the effect of magnetically treated irrigation water (MTIW) in the northwest region of Morocco, on the yield of strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Camarosa) and its components. The experiments were conducted in situ, during two crop seasons (2011-2012 and 2013-2014). The results confirm that physical treatment of irrigation water by a static magnetic field improves the yield and quality of strawberry fruits. The percentages of increase in number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit yield and quality of export production per 100 plants were 27.4%, 30.9%, 34.8%, 24.3%, respectively, compared with normal irrigation water (average over both crop seasons). These results suggest that irrigation with MTIW improves the production as well as the quality of the strawberry fruit, thus water use efficiency was enhanced. Therefore, the MTIW can be considered as a promising technique for improvement but extensive research is still required.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46685360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Consequences of Future Expansion at the Arctic Treeline in Northernmost Norway 挪威最北部北极三线未来扩张的后果

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2018-03-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.006

O. Skre, S. Karlsen, Jan Åge Riseth, F. Wielgolaski

引用次数: 0