Acta Biologica Hungarica最新文献

{"title":"Growth performance, gut morphometry and innate immune profiles of common carp, Cyprinus carpio juveniles fed diet fortified with Mitracarpus scaber leaves extract and its susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"I. Adeshina, B. Emikpe, A. Jenyo-Oni, Ajani Ek, M. I. Abubakar","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-01","url":null,"abstract":"Mitracarpus scaber, an endemic medicinal plant to Nigeria, Africa, has medicinal value. In the present study, Mitracarpus scaber leaves extract (MSLE) was fed to common carp, Cyprinus carpio to evaluate its effect on growth performance, nutrient utilization, gut morphometry, and innate immunity parameters. Four isonitrogenous diets (32% crude protein) containing 0.0, 5, 10, or 15 g MSLE/kg diet were fed to fish (7.52 ±0.23 g) for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were exposed to pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila) for 14 days. Growth performance, nutrient utilization, and feed intake were significantly improved with increasing MSLE levels up to 10 g/kg diet. Similarly, fish fed MSLE diets increased significantly intestinal villi length/width, and absorption area. Furthermore, activities of respiratory burst, lysozyme, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were significantly higher in fish fed diets containing MSLE levels, and their highest values were obtained at fish fed 15 g MSLE/kg diet. After bacterial challenge, fish mortality was lowest (8.45 ±1.30%) in fish fed 15 g MSLE/kg diet, whereas highest mortality (52.50 ±4.56%) was observed with fish fed the control diet. The present study conjured that MSLE inclusion in fish diets with optimum level of 10 g/kg diet stimulated significantly the performance, nutrient utilization, modified gut morphometry, and innate immune response of common carp. Also, its inclusion protected fish against pathogenic bacteria, A. hydrophila infection.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83740832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A faunistic and ecological characterization of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of the Branew River (central-eastern Poland)","authors":"R. Stryjecki, A. Bańkowska","doi":"10.18276/AB.2018.25-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/AB.2018.25-07","url":null,"abstract":"A characteristic feature of the Hydrachnidia communities of the Branew River, distinguishing its fauna from that of other Polish rivers, was the very high abundance of species of the genus Lebertia . Species of this genus accounted for as much as 53.1% of the collected material. The most numerous was Lebertia rivulorum , which was caught in numbers not found in other Polish rivers. Lebertia inaequalis and L. oblonga were also abundant. The largest synecological groups were rheophiles and rheobionts (94.9% combined). More individuals (1494) and species (27) were caught in the lentic zone of the river than in the lotic zone (1291 ind., 25 sp.). The species most associated with the lotic zone was L. rivulorum . This species was caught mainly on a substrate of gravel and stones with a small amount of sandy sediments, sparsely covered with Elodea canadensis . The species most associated with the lentic zone was Forelia variegator . The most abundant species in the Branew River, Hygrobates setosus , was caught in much higher numbers in the littoral zone than in the central part of the river. The high similarity of fauna was observed between the lotic and lentic zones, and much lower similarity between sites. The results indicate intensive species migration in the transverse profile of the river and low migration in the longitudinal profile. Higher species diversity was recorded in the lentic zone than in the lotic zone of the river – both in the river as a whole and at the individual sites. In the anthropogenically transformed stretch of the river (straightened riverbed, concrete dam, and concrete bottom), species diversity was significantly lower (H’ = 1.83) than in the natural stretch (H’ = 2.37). The results confirm literature data describing the negative impact of such transformations on Hydrachnidia communities. Despite anthropogenic transformations in parts of the river, the structure of the fauna (a very large proportion of rheobionts and rheophiles), as well as the physicochemical parameters of the water, is indicative of the good ecological condition of the river.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83507976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of a new variant of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus – RHDV2","authors":"Dominika Bębnowska, P. Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-08","url":null,"abstract":"RHD (Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease) is an etiologic agent that causes viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits, which is also referred to as rabbit plague. The desire to explore knowledge about this pathogen in the world results not only from its similarity to human hemorrhagic fevers, for which RHDV can be considered as a good research model. It is also important that with myxomatosis, rabbit plague is the most severe viral disease of these animals. Describing the classic RHDV virus, followed by RHDVa, which is considered the first described antigenic variant of the RHD virus, allowed to become familiar with the information that until now constituted the basic building block of the control of viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in the world. However, the attributes of RHDV2, characterized only in 2010, differ significantly from the specifics of RHDV strains known to date. What’s more, the global expansion of this pathogen has significantly changed the RHD image, the methods of its identification, control and eradication. The completely changed face of the virus that causes rabbit plague causes that the belief about full supervision over RHD is now obsolete.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88334659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetranychus urticae changes its oviposition pattern in the presence of the predatory mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Typhlodromus bagdasarjani","authors":"M. Moghadasi, A. Z. Golpayegani, A. Saboori, H. Allahyari, Hamideh Dehghani Tafti","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-07","url":null,"abstract":"Oviposition behaviors in herbivorous mites are affected by several factors i.e. food availability for juveniles and reduced predation risks. We used the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae) to find out whether the previous presence of specialist/ general- ist phytoseiid predator individuals, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot/ Typhlodromus bagdasarjani Wainstein & Arutunjan (here, direct effect) or their previous odour perception by prey (here, indirect effect) would affect T. urticae oviposition strategies. Tetranychus urticae female individuals were placed on a leaf disc in a plastic container with predators either on the same disc (direct presence of predator) or on the second disc (receiving odours related to a predator) in the same container. Getting experienced, the prey individuals transferred to the oviposition container to their oviposition pattern parameters get recorded. The ovipositing T. urticae were monitored in two experimental situations: 1. Receiving odours related to the predator- prey interaction from the second leaf disc in the same oviposition container during their oviposition period, and 2. Receiving no odour. Our results showed that when T.","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91382147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of Thecacineta calix (Ciliophora: Suctoria) on harpacticoid copepod from Aegean Sea, Turkey","authors":"Furkan Durucan","doi":"10.18276/ab.2019.26-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/ab.2019.26-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91203619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro pharmacological effects of Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus parviflora.","authors":"Muhammad Nadeem Khan,&nbsp;Muhstaq Ahmed,&nbsp;Muhammad Wasim Khan,&nbsp;Rahmat Ali Khan","doi":"10.1556/018.69.2018.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional medicines are composed of herbal formulations and their active ingredients and constituents which play a crucial role in the treatment of various human ailments. Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus indicus (L.) All. (syn. Melilotus parviflora Desf.) are used traditionally as antiperspirant, tonic, diuretic, laxative and narcotic agents. The current study was designed to investigate the Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus indicus (L.) All. (syn. Melilotus parviflora Desf.) methanol extracts for their antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Fine powder of A. eremophilus and M. parviflora was extracted with 70% methanol to get crude methanol extract. Extract was characterized for antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Antioxidant activity of various concentrations (3 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ ml, 0.75 mg/ml, and 0.38 mg/ml) of both plant extracts was analyzed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Salmonella typhemorium, Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis (gram-positive) bacterial strains were used for assessment of antibacterial activities. Antifungal activities of 7.5 mg/ml, 5.0 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml (A. eremophilus and M. parviflora) were conducted using Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicons. At high concentration (3 mg/ml), all the tested fractions of A. eremophilus and M. parviflora methanol extracts showed potent antioxidant activities, ranging between 83.8 and 63.33%. Antibacterial activities revealed that A. eremophilus showed a maximum zone of inhibition (8.1 ± 0.1) on Salmonella typhenorium followed by Enterococcus faecalis (7.2 ± 0.1), Klebsellesa pneumonia (6.1 ± 0.6), and Staphylococcus aureus (5.1 ± 0.4), and at highest concentration (7.5 mg/ml), however, maximum zone of inhibition of Melilotus parviflora was at 7.5 mg/ml followed by 5.0 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhemorium and Enterococcus faecalis. Antifungal assessment of both plant extracts showed that the higher concentration (7.5 mg/ml) has significant inhibitory effect as compared to control. The results can lead to the conclusion that A. eremophilus and M. parviflora methanol extracts are indeed sources of potential therapeutic compounds against antibacterial, antifungal and free radical associated disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"69 4","pages":"411-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36858991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the responses to NaCl stress of three tomato introgression lines.","authors":"Fedia Rebah,&nbsp;Chayma Ouhibi,&nbsp;K H Alamer,&nbsp;Najoua Msilini,&nbsp;Mouhiba Ben Nasri,&nbsp;Rebecca Stevens,&nbsp;Houneida Attia","doi":"10.1556/018.69.2018.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to examine the response of three tomato introgression lines (IL925.3, IL925.5 and IL925.6) to NaCl stress. These lines originated from a cross between M82 (Solanum lycopersicum) and the wild salttolerant tomato Solanum pennellii, each line containing a different fragment of the S.pennellii genome. Salt-sensitive phenotypes related to plant growth and physiology, and the response of antioxidants, pigments and antioxidant enzymes were measured. In general, salt stress decreased the fresh weight of leaves, leaf area and leaf number and an increase of Na⁺ accumulation in aerial parts was observed, which caused a reduction in the absorption of K⁺ and Ca²⁺. Salt stress also induced a decrease in chlorophyll, carotenoids and lipid peroxidation (MDA) and an increase in anthocyanins and reduced ascorbate, although some differences were seen between the lines, for example for carotenoid levels. Guaiacol peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase activity enhanced in aerial parts of the lines, but again some differences were seen between the three lines. It is concluded that IL925.5 might be the most sensitive line to salt stress as its dry weight loss was the greatest in response to salt and this line showed the highest Na⁺ ion accumulation in leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"69 4","pages":"464-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36858986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium nitroprusside stimulated production of tropane alkaloids and antioxidant enzymes activity in hairy root culture of Hyoscyamus reticulatus L.","authors":"Madineh Khezerluo,&nbsp;Bahman Hosseini,&nbsp;Jafar Amiri","doi":"10.1556/018.69.2018.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyoscyamus reticulatus L. is a herbaceous biennial belonging to the solanaceae family. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine as main tropane alkaloids accumulated in henbane are widely used in medicine to treat diseases such as parkinson's or to calm schizoid patients. Hairy roots media manipulation which uses elicitors to activate defense mechanisms is one of the main strategies for inducing secondary metabolism as well as increasing the production of valuable metabolites. Cotyledon-derived hairy root cultures were transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor), was used in various concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μM) and exposure times (24 and 48 h). Treatment with SNP led to a significant reduction in fresh and dry weight of hairy roots, compared to control cultures. ANOVA results showed that elicitation of hairy root cultures with SNP at different concentrations and exposure times significantly affected the activity of as antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The highest hyoscyamine and scopolamine production (about 1.2-fold and 1.5-fold increases over the control) was observed at 50 and 100 μM SNP at 48 and 24 hours of exposure time, respectively. This is the first report of SNP elicitation effects on the production of tropane alkaloids in hairy root cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"69 4","pages":"437-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36804509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diurnal changes in tomato glutathione transferase activity and expression.","authors":"Ágnes Gallé,&nbsp;Zalán Czékus,&nbsp;Krisztina Bela,&nbsp;Edit Horváth,&nbsp;Jolán Csiszár,&nbsp;Péter Poór","doi":"10.1556/018.69.2018.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the participation of glutathione transferases (GSTs) in light-dependent pathways and the circadian changes in the whole detoxification system have been studied, there are fewer results regarding the exact daily fluctuation of GSTs. In the present study, it was demonstrated that light up-regulated, while dark period decreased the plant GST activity and the expression of the selected tau group GST genes in tomato. These findings provide additional information on our current knowledge on the circadian rhythm of GSTs in plants and could help in further defining detoxification processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"69 4","pages":"505-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36858985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved light dark box test by using a real-time video tracking system.","authors":"Sareesh Naduvil Narayanan,&nbsp;Raju Suresh Kumar","doi":"10.1556/018.69.2018.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the behavioral science field, many of the oldest tests have still most frequently been used almost in the same way for decades. The subjective influence of human observer and the large inter-observer and interlab differences are substantial among these tests. This necessitates the possibility of using technological innovations for behavioral science to obtain new parameters, results and insights as well. The light-dark box (LDB) test is a characteristic tool used to assess anxiety in rodents. A complete behavioral analysis (including both anxiety and locomotion parameters) is not possible by performing traditional LDB test protocol, as it lacks the usage of a real-time video recording of the test. In the current report, we describe an improved approach to conduct LDB test using a real-time video tracking system.</p>","PeriodicalId":7009,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Hungarica","volume":"69 4","pages":"371-384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1556/018.69.2018.4.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36814805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}