Xianfeng Li, Qiaoying Wang*, Xingzhong Cao, Jie Zhang, Zhichao Wu and Zhiwei Wang,
{"title":"Boric Acid’s Dual Role in Controlling Interfacial Polymerization for High-Performance Reverse Osmosis Membranes with Enhanced Water Permeability and Contaminant Sieving","authors":"Xianfeng Li, Qiaoying Wang*, Xingzhong Cao, Jie Zhang, Zhichao Wu and Zhiwei Wang, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00258","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microelectronics manufacturing generates substantial wastewater, containing toxic contaminants. Although the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is a promising treatment technology, its suboptimal water permeance and limited rejection of low-molecular weight (MW) organic contaminants restrict its practical application. Herein, we present a simple approach for developing RO membranes fabricated via interfacial polymerization with boric acid as an additive, which enhances the water permeance and superior removal efficiency for low-MW contaminants in microelectronic wastewater. The boric acid-modified RO membranes exhibited a remarkable increase in water permeance up to ∼4.2 L/(m<sup>2</sup>·h·bar), a 3-fold enhancement compared to the pristine membrane thanks to the formation of smoother and thinner polyamide (PA) layers. Meanwhile, owing to the denser PA layers, the modified membranes reached a 2–18% higher removal efficiency for common low-MW contaminants in microelectronic wastewater compared to the commercial membranes. The penetration of organic substances through the modified membranes in real wastewater was decreased by 50% with respect to that of the commercial membranes. The hydrogen bonding interaction between the amine monomer and boric acid, along with the buffering effect of boric acid, collectively promoted the formation of denser and thinner PA layers. This study offers valuable insights into the development of RO membranes for the recovery of microelectronic wastewater or analogous effluents containing low-MW contaminants from the perspective of interfacial polymerization regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2347–2357"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke Zhao, Abdelkader Labidi, Haitao Ren, Hong Kang, Tianqi Huang, Jenyuk Lohwacharin, Huiqi Zheng, Amin Zhou* and Chuanyi Wang*,
{"title":"Micro-Nano Bubbles Induced Piezocatalysis with Barium Titanate/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane: Synergistic Mechano-Optical Enhancement for Tetracycline Degradation","authors":"Ke Zhao, Abdelkader Labidi, Haitao Ren, Hong Kang, Tianqi Huang, Jenyuk Lohwacharin, Huiqi Zheng, Amin Zhou* and Chuanyi Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00204","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The pollution of antibiotics to the environment has attracted more and more attention from society. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective and practical methods to degrade antibiotics. In this study, micronano bubbles (MNBs) were employed as mechanical stress to induce piezoelectric potential in barium titanate/polyvinylidene fluoride (BTO/PVDF) composite membranes, enhancing piezo-photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC). Under the synergistic piezo-photocatalytic effects, the system achieved 93% TC removal within 1.5 h, with a quasi-first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.022 min<sup>−1</sup>. This value is 5.9-fold and 2-fold higher than those of standalone MNBs and BTO/PVDF systems, respectively. Finite element simulation analysis determined the influence of MNBs on the induced potential and piezoelectric field distribution in the composite membrane, indicating that the MNBs’ environment met the pressure conditions for BTO/PVDF to generate induced potential. Remarkably, changes in photocurrent and impedance data showed that MNBs not only enhanced light absorption but also reduced membrane impedance, improving carrier separation efficiency. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radical scavenging results showed that the contribution of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in the degradation process was more significant. Therefore, the piezoelectric effect induced by MNBs is expected to provide a new idea for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2305–2315"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Shi, Zhuo Chen*, Ke-Fan Cao, Bang-Hao Huang, Yun Lu and Hong-Ying Hu,
{"title":"Automated Ozone Disinfection Control in Reclaimed Water: The Surrogate Parameters- and Spectral Characteristics-Based Real-Time Feedback System for Microbial Inactivation Monitoring","authors":"Qi Shi, Zhuo Chen*, Ke-Fan Cao, Bang-Hao Huang, Yun Lu and Hong-Ying Hu, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00185","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It is critical to balance the effective inactivation of microorganisms with the formation of disinfection byproducts and associated processing costs during ozone disinfection in water reuse. Through systematic ozone disinfection experiments, the specific ozone dose, ultraviolet (UV) absorbance at 254 nm, total fluorescence, and characteristic fluorescence peak A were identified as surrogate parameters for predicting the inactivation efficacy of indigenous fecal coliforms, heterotrophic plate count, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> by ozone in four different reclaimed waters. Corresponding empirical logistic regression models were established to correlate surrogate abatement with microbial inactivation (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.743–0.970) within a high ozone dosage range (0–8 mg/L). A spectral surrogate-based monitoring system for real-time surveillance and online control of ozone disinfection was designed and further validated through laboratory experiments, demonstrating that fluorescence peak intensities at the characteristic excitation wavelengths of 240, 280, or 335 nm could predict microbial inactivation properly by logistic regression models (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.793–0.991) using portable UV light sources and miniaturized fluorescence signal detection instruments. Taken together, this study provides a viable approach for reliable economical and quick-response ozone disinfection in reclaimed water.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2269–2280"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harmita Golwala, Nadia Fernandez Yarte, Michael A. Saldana and Adam L. Smith*,
{"title":"Mobilized Colistin Resistance Gene Dynamics across Incremental Colistin Selective Pressure during Mainstream Anaerobic Treatment","authors":"Harmita Golwala, Nadia Fernandez Yarte, Michael A. Saldana and Adam L. Smith*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00243","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is an antimicrobial agent effective against various Gram-negative bacteria. The broad dissemination of colistin resistance over the past decade is concerning, given its importance as a last resort for treating carbapenem-resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> infections. Mobilized colistin resistance (<i>mcr</i>) genes were first discovered in 2015, and now 10 genes (<i>mcr-1–10</i>) have been identified worldwide. The present work aims to examine the response of <i>mcr</i> genes to increasing colistin selective pressure and associated shifts in the microbial community in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) treated with low-strength wastewater. Colistin was added at incremental concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 μg/L for 10 d each to a bench-scale AnMBR in comparison to a control AnMBR without colistin addition. Quantification of <i>mcr-1–10</i> using novel duplex-droplet digital PCR assays revealed the positive detection of <i>mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-5, mcr-6, mcr-9</i>, and <i>mcr-10</i> in biomass and membrane biofilm samples. While the abundance of <i>mcr</i> genes in the biomass and biofilm of AnMBR was generally unaffected by influent colistin concentration, all <i>mcr</i> genes were below the detection limit in the effluent. However, DNA- and RNA-based amplicon sequencing indicated a distinct shift in microbial community structure of the biomass, biofilm, and effluent upon exposure to colistin. Relative abundance and activity of <i>Rectinema</i> spp., <i>Sulfurospirillium</i> spp., <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp., and <i>Dechloromonas</i> spp. were significantly affected by colistin exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2339–2346"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xun Guan, Dimin Fan, Yongchang Yu, Gregory V. Lowry, Guangbin Li, Anthony Danko and Xitong Liu*,
{"title":"Effects of Calcium and Natural Organic Matter on the Transport and Remobilization of Colloidal Activated Carbon in Saturated Porous Media: Insights from Force Spectroscopy","authors":"Xun Guan, Dimin Fan, Yongchang Yu, Gregory V. Lowry, Guangbin Li, Anthony Danko and Xitong Liu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00106","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Colloidal activated carbon (CAC) is a promising technology for the in situ remediation of groundwater impacted by perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The long-term performance of an engineered CAC barrier will depend, in part, on the emplacement and remobilization of CAC particles within aquifer media. We here explored the influence of calcium ions (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and Suwanee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) on CAC deposition and remobilization within saturated sand columns. Our results showed that the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup> (e.g., >5 mM) under high ionic strength conditions (100 mM) enhanced CAC deposition and subsequently reduced its remobilization upon the introduction of a low ionic strength solution (i.e., DI water). A combination of cation bridging and electrostatic screening, driven by Ca<sup>2+</sup>, contributed to the increased retention of CAC in the sand column. In contrast, when SRNOM was present at concentrations above 5 mg/L, CAC exhibited reduced deposition under high ionic strength conditions (100 mM), followed by markedly enhanced remobilization upon flushing with a low ionic strength solution. This behavior is primarily driven by increased electrosteric repulsion at the CAC–sand interface when the sand surfaces are coated by NOM. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements showed that under the same ionic strength, Ca<sup>2+</sup> increased the work of adhesion between CAC and silica surfaces, whereas NOM decreased it. Our work underscores the critical influence of both the presence and concentration of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and NOM on the deposition and remobilization behaviors of CAC, providing valuable insights into the engineering design and practical implementation of in situ CAC sorptive barriers for effective PFAS remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2181–2190"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui-Xuan Wang, Hefei Wang, Jinle Cui, Zi-Xin Qi, Ruofei Jin and Tian Tian*,
{"title":"Synergistic Interaction between Ammonia-Oxidizing and Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria Enhances Stability of Partial Nitrification Systems Under Nitrite Shock Loading","authors":"Hui-Xuan Wang, Hefei Wang, Jinle Cui, Zi-Xin Qi, Ruofei Jin and Tian Tian*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00166","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The inhibition of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) has long been regarded as a major challenge for achieving stable partial nitrification (PN) process. However, the persistence of NOB, even under inhibitory conditions, suggests its potential functional importance in PN systems. This study comparatively analyzed the response of PN systems from reactor performance to gene expression, under ammonium and nitrite shock loadings to elucidate the hidden role of NOB. Results demonstrated that PN systems exhibited greater resistance to nitrite shock, maintaining a 58.2% ammonium removal efficiency even at a nitrite concentration of 300 mg L<sup>–1</sup>. But this resistance impaired when NOB activity was suppressed. Unlike elevated ammonium, high nitrite concentrations stimulated the expression of <i>amo</i>, <i>hao</i>, <i>nirSK</i>, <i>norBC</i>, and <i>nosZ</i> genes, enhanced ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite reductase activities, and improved the overall activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). Isotopic analysis using <sup>15</sup>N-labeled nitrite revealed the production of <sup>30</sup>N and <sup>29</sup>N, indicating that nitrite reduction mitigated nitrite toxicity to AOB. Notably, NO was identified as a potential signaling molecular mediating synergistic interactions between AOB and NOB, contributing to support system stability. Overall, this study provides unique insights into the functional role of NOB in improving the resilience and stability of PN systems under stress conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2238–2247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Activation of High-Valent Metal Oxidants on Carbon Catalysts: Mechanisms, Applications and Challenges","authors":"Yonghui Fan, Qiming Zhang, Yu Peng, Jinwen Zeng, Wei Ren*, Xiao Xiao and Xubiao Luo*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c0016410.1021/acsestengg.5c00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00164https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00164","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-valent metal oxidants (HVMOs) have attracted considerable attention in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) due to their high selectivity for oxidizing organic pollutants. However, the pursuit of green and efficient activators, together with the clarification of external factors affecting HVMO performance, remains a major challenge in practical applications. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the chemical properties of HVMOs, with a particular emphasis on their oxidation characteristics, focusing on permanganate (MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>–</sup>), ferrate (FeO<sub>4</sub><sup>–</sup>), dichromate (Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2–</sup>). We further analyze energy changes and redox potential variations during the oxidation process. Recent advances in the activation of HVMOs by metal-free carbon materials are summarized, and the potential effects of common coexisting substances in environmental matrices, such as H<sup>+</sup>, OH<sup>–</sup>, inorganic anions, metal ions, and natural organic matter (NOM), are critically examined. Moreover, potential risks associated with residual HVMOs after organic pollutant oxidation are discussed, along with relevant separation and purification strategies. This review aims to deepen the understanding of HVMOs in environmental catalysis, explore their potential for resource recovery, and provide perspectives on future research directions and practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 6","pages":"1338–1356 1338–1356"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144269587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the Use of Treated Water in Water Reclamation Facilities for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration","authors":"Nakyeong Yun, and , Ruggero Rossi*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00276","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Water reclamation facilities contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases during the treatment of wet waste and following the release of the treated water effluent in receiving water bodies due to the high concentration of greenhouse gas precursors dissolved in the effluent. Here, an electrochemical cell was used to capture inorganic carbon dissolved in the treated liquid effluent discharged from four wastewater treatment plants. A pH gradient was induced in the effluent flowing in the electrochemical cell, facilitating the transformation of bicarbonate ions into carbon dioxide and solid metal carbonates that were removed from solution with overall efficiencies exceeding 57 ± 2% (96 ± 0.5% as gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> at the anode and 19 ± 4% as CaCO<sub>3</sub> at the cathode). Understanding how solution chemistry and electrochemical parameters dictated the performance of CO<sub>2</sub> capture allowed to optimize operational parameters and reactor architecture to minimize energy demand to 3.4 kWh/kg CO<sub>2</sub> with real treated effluents, a value that makes this approach competitive with current technologies for commercial CO<sub>2</sub> capture from the ocean or the atmosphere. Finally, performance stability was investigated by operating the cell for 55 h, quantifying carbon capture efficiency and energy demand over time. This study demonstrates for the first time that electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> capture from treated water effluents provides an end-of-the-pipe decarbonization approach that, when implemented in conjunction with the use of renewable electricity, can accelerate the decarbonization of the water infrastructure and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2368–2379"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selective Leaching and Electrochemical Recovery of Lithium and Nickel from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Chaehyeon Lee, Jin Soo Kang* and Eunhyea Chung*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00229","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recent advances in the electric vehicle technology and industry caused a substantial growth of the LIB market, which increased the demand for the key resources such as lithium, nickel, and cobalt. There have been significant efforts to recycle spent LIB electrodes in order to secure the supply chains of the resources and make LIB production and utilization cycles more sustainable. In this study, we developed processes for the selective recovery of lithium and nickel from the black mass produced from spent LIBs. By using HCl solution at the optimized conditions, leaching of lithium and nickel from the black mass could be performed with high selectivity over other metallic species. A flow-type integrated electrochemical system was prepared by using lithium nickel manganese oxide (LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and titanium foil electrodes for lithium electrosorption and nickel electrodeposition, respectively. By cyclic operation of the electrochemical process, both lithium and nickel could be recovered effectively with reasonable energetics and stability, corroborating the capability of the integrated system.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2316–2323"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Sustainable and Scalable Paradigm for Multidimensional Pollution Control of Livestock Wastewater Using Millimeter-Scale Bimetallic Chitosan Beads","authors":"Yudan Dong, Shurun Yang, Yunzhe Zheng, Jiamei Liu, Xin Wang, Peng Zhou, Jing Zhang, Zhaokun Xiong, Chuan-Shu He* and Bo Lai, ","doi":"10.1021/acsestengg.5c00241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.5c00241","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The practical application of nanoscale catalysts in water treatment is hindered by challenges such as inefficient solid–liquid separation and aggregation-induced deactivation, while simultaneously the oxidation performance of peracetic acid (PAA) in complex wastewater matrices remains underexplored. Herein, we developed a fixed-bed continuous-flow reactor system utilizing millimeter-scale chitosan beads embedded with in situ synthesized cobalt–manganese spinel (CMO@CS). The beads exhibited enhanced catalytic activity (90.1% pollutant removal vs 66.1% for powdered CMO) and structural stability, effectively overcoming engineering bottlenecks of nanoparticle recovery and aggregation. The CMO@CS/PAA system achieved 85.6% removal of over 200 antibiotics, as confirmed by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (UHRMS), while simultaneously increasing the effluent C/N ratio through controlled carbon supplementation, thereby optimizing compatibility with downstream biological processes. UHRMS and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the system achieved a significant reduction in the dissolved organic matter molecular weight, effectively removing or converting macromolecules into small-molecule intermediates. Metagenomic analysis revealed a substantial 46% reduction in top 30 antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) abundance, demonstrating the system’s capacity to mitigate ecological risks associated with horizontal gene transfer. This work establishes a scalable advanced oxidation process paradigm integrating pollutant elimination, microbial community regulation, and ARGs suppression, providing critical insights into the sustainable management of livestock wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":7008,"journal":{"name":"ACS ES&T engineering","volume":"5 9","pages":"2324–2338"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}