Acta Medica Philippina最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Lemon Juice with Coconut Oil Compress in Children with Fever.","authors":"Gege Yoanda Elen Nia, Nurul Pujiastuti, Sumirah Budi Pertami, Siti Asiyah","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4570","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Fever is a condition where the body temperature is higher than normal. A body temperature that is too high can cause febrile seizures. A non-pharmacological therapy to reduce body temperature is by applying a lemon with coconut oil compress in the axilla. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving lemon juice with coconut oil compress in children with fever to decrease body temperature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research design used was a pre-experimental design (one-group pre-test-post-test design). The technique used was purposive sampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study showed that there was a significant decrease in body temperature of children with fever after applying lemon juice with coconut oil compress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A lemon with coconut oil compress can be used as an additional therapy to reduce fever in children and can be applied at home as an initial step before using fever-reducing medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 12","pages":"42-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Mass and Social Media have Roles in Preventing and Controlling COVID-19 among Adolescents in Jakarta?","authors":"Serri Hutahaean, Nourmayansa Vidya Anggraini, Chahya Kharin Herbawani, Laily Hanifah","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4564","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the role of mass and social media in the prevention and control of COVID-19 among adolescents in DKI Jakarta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design. The participants in this study were 228 adolescents in the DKI Jakarta area. The data were collected using a questionnaire (Google Form) and analyzed by Chi-square test using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the analysis showed that there was no relationship between mass and social media and COVID-19 prevention and control efforts among adolescents in DKI Jakarta (p 0.38). Adolescents perceived themselves as low risk of contracting COVID-19 so the message to prevent and control COVID-19 using mass and social media do not have impact on them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is no relationship between mass and social media and the prevention and control of COVID-19 in adolescents. It is recommended to increase the knowledge of adolescents about COVID-19, especially in school health facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 12","pages":"32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Role of Posyandu (Community Integrated Health Services) in Reducing Stunting in Srikamulyan Village, Karawang District, Indonesia: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Alfi Fairuz Asna, Silvia Mawari Perdana, Muhammad Nur Hasan Syah","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4507","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4507","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Stunting affected 30.8 percent of children under the age of five in Indonesia in 2018, amounting to nearly eight million children. As a result, it is a very troubling issue. To combat stunting, the government has developed a variety of central and local government program interventions. Community integrated health services called Posyandu is the frontline for public health services. Volunteer staff called cadres, are the main actors, health information providers, and models of changes in healthy living behavior. Posyandu holds a strategic position to assess the magnitude of stunting problems in the community, including early detection of the most important determinants of stunting, such as nutritional intake of mothers and children, parenting style, hygiene, and sanitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Posyandu in reducing the incidence of stunting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach which aimed to describe the meaning of life experiences by several individuals, about certain concepts or phenomena, by exploring the structure of human consciousness. The researcher wants to know the meaning of these experiences by Posyandu visitors, cadres, and community leaders regarding the role of Posyandu in Srikamulyan Village in Karawang. Key informants consisted of five cadres who were active in Posyandu activities. Ordinary informants were people directly involved in the social interactions studied. Additional informants were community leaders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Almost all of the informants who visited the Posyandu recognized the Posyandu's role in improving health in their own communities. Cadres who were involved in Posyandu activities have a good understanding of Posyandu. All Posyandu cadres understood what stunting was and what caused it as a result of group discussions. There were still some parents who did not want to take their children to the Posyandu because their children cried and were afraid if they were brought to the Posyandu. One of the factors that hindered the implementation of Posyandu activities in Srikamulyan Village which made the four Posyandu less effective in reducing stunting was incomplete anthropometric measuring instruments, such as body length board which was only available at the puskesmas (Public Health Center) so that only the child's weight was measured.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;All cadres had high motivation in their respective Posyandu. As for cadre knowledge, it can be categorised as good based on the results of questionnaires and group discussions. It can be concluded that the cause of stunting was the lifestyle in the community of Srikamulyan Village which has not implemented clean and healthy living behaviours such as the practice of open defecation, non-compliance of hand washing with soap, and lack of parental knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding a","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 12","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Multidisciplinary Collaboration in Healthcare to Achieve SDGs during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Utami Wahyuningsih","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.14425","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.14425","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 12","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Rapid Growth in Undernourished Children: Analysis of Indonesian Family Life Survey.","authors":"Firlia Ayu Arini, Endang Laksminingsih, Besral Skm, Fasli Jalal","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4579","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i12.4579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children who suffer from undernutrition would grow rapidly to catch-up-growth after improvement in nutrition intake. However, this rapid growth during early life might have harmful effects on children's long-term health. Rapid growth, which is too fast, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and obesity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence and analyze the risk of rapid growth in children, particularly who experienced undernutrition in 1000 first days of life, compared to well-nourished children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study used data from the second and third waves of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (1997 and 2000). A total of 671 children aged 0 to 23 months in 1997 and 3 to 5 years in 2000 were included in this study. Rapid growth was determined as a change in length- or height-per-age and weight-per-age z-score greater than 0.67, based on WHO Child Growth Standard between years of follow-up. The anthropometric measurements were conducted by trained health workers. Children with history of low birth weight, stunting, underweight, and/or wasting were categorized as undernourished children. We used a logistic regression model to identify the risk of rapid growth in children among undernourished and well-nourished children, adjusted by characteristics of children, parents, and the household socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of rapid growth in length/height and weight in undernourished children was 44.56% and 35.2%, respectively. The odds of undernourished children to grow rapidly in length/height compared to well-nourished children was 6.36 (95% CI 3.94,10.26; <i>p</i> = 0.000) after being controlled by socio-demographic characteristics. There was a higher odd 5.7 (95% CI 3.4, 9.5; <i>p</i> = 0.000) of rapid growth in weight in undernourished children. The odds of rapid growth in height increased significantly in children aged 12 to 23 months and children with mothers who had lower education levels. Furthermore, the odds of rapid growth in weight-for-age increased significantly in all children whose fathers had lower education levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study adds to the evidence that there is an increased risk for rapid growth in length/height and weight in undernourished children and the risk was higher among older children aged 12 to 23 months. The study also found that maternal education was related to the risk of rapid growth in height and paternal education was strongly related to the risk for rapid growth in weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 12","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report on the Application of a 3D Printed Patient-specific Zygomatic Implant for a Post-traumatic Facial Deformity.","authors":"Martin Francis K Jacinto, Philip B Fullante, Rentor Y Cafino, Miguel Sandino O Aljibe","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.13536","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.13536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the case of a 47-year-old male with a post-traumatic facial deformity after electrocution injury and a fall that occurred two years prior to consultation. The patient presented with ectropion on the left, hypoglobus, and step-off deformities on the left malar area owing to the loss of a large portion of the inferior orbital rim, orbital floor, and the zygomatic bone. House-Brackmann IV facial palsy was also present on the left hemiface since the injury. A 3D-printed biocompatible zygomatic implant was fabricated using Polyetheretherketone (PEEK). This case highlights the versatility of PEEK for facial implants and the importance of virtual surgical planning and 3-D printing in the management of post-traumatic facial defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 11","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Adoption of Disruptive Health Technology.","authors":"Angela G Sison-Aguilar","doi":"10.47895/amp.v60i11.14392","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v60i11.14392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 11","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ChatGPT among Student Nurses in Baguio City, Philippines: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Carl Austin T Lacanlale, Cherylina G Dalilis, Breanna Stefanie S Gayagay, Sarah May D Da-O, Tiziana M Bilog, Francesca Anne D Bacsa, Dominique Anne P Lauzon, Abigail Mariano, Shevawn T Rabara, Ron Andrei A Reyes, Jessica Loren M Torio","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.11158","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.11158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>ChatGPT, an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) platform developed by OpenAI, is increasingly used in nursing education and practice. However, limited studies have explored its use among student nurses and how factors such as sex and year level affect its adoption. Addressing this gap is essential to ensure the responsible integration of AI and preserve nursing competencies, such as critical thinking and problem-solving. This study aimed to determine the extent of ChatGPT use among student nurses, including differences between sexes and year level, as well as the factors that facilitate or hinder its use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quantitative descriptive study involved student nurses from Saint Louis University, Baguio City, selected through proportionate random sampling in February 2024. Participants were aged 18 years or older, enrolled in the 2023-2024 academic year, and had prior experience using ChatGPT. The researchers administered a 30-item self-developed questionnaire, which demonstrated strong content validity (CVI = 0.92) and reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.85). Researchers used weighted mean to measure the extent of ChatGPT use, two-sample t-tests, and ANOVA to evaluate significant differences by sex and year level, and frequency and percentage to identify the most common factors that facilitate and hinder its use. All analyses were conducted using Jamovi version 2.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Student nurses (N = 300) reported a slightly extensive use of ChatGPT (x̄w = 2.40), with quick response time (x̄ = 2.85) and concise summarization of key concepts (x̄ = 2.85) as the main reasons for use. There were no significant differences in use between sexes (<i>p</i> = 0.761) or year levels (<i>p =</i> 0.062). The most frequently reported facilitating factors were ease of use (66.67%) and ability to generate useful answers (50.33%), while the main hindrances were long user queues (45.33%) and lack of references (45%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adoption of ChatGPT among student nurses is driven by its ease of use, perceived usefulness, and quality of responses, as reflected in participants' moderate to slightly extensive use for summarizing concepts, generating ideas, and obtaining explanations. In light of these findings, nursing programs should incorporate ChatGPT as a supportive learning resource while guiding its responsible use. Future research should ensure balanced gender representation, consider demographic factors such as age and technological proficiency, and explore ChatGPT's applications across disciplines using qualitative or mixed-methods approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 11","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Heterogeneity of β-thalassemia Variants in Affected Filipinos.","authors":"Catherine Lynn T Silao, Ma Carmina C Manuel, Ronnette Anne E Davila, Terence Diane F Fabella, Rita P Laude, Thomas Gabriel H Desengaño, Carl Angelo S Estrada, Mayceemae M Barnuevo, Josept Mari S Poblete, Carmencita D Padilla, Maria Liza T Naranjo, Ernesto dJ Yuson","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.13830","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.13830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>β-thalassemia, a hereditary blood disorder, is characterized by the reduction or absence of β-globin chain synthesis, with disease severity depending on population-specific HBB variants. This is the first report to present the molecular profile of Filipino β-thalassemia patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Deletion analysis, β-globin StripAssay analysis, and HBB gene sequencing were performed in 237 patients with β-thalassemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one (21) previously published β-thalassemia variants - ten (10) pathogenic point mutations [c.79G>A (HbE) (48.52%), c.92+2T>C (1.47%), c.52A>T (0.84%), c.92+5G>C (0.63%), c.-50A>C (cap+1) (0.42%), c.79G>T (0.21%), c.59A>G (Malay) (0.21%), c.47G>A (0.21%), c.20A>T (HbS) (0.21%), and c.2T>G (initiation codon) (0.21%)]; five (5) pathogenic deletions [<i>HBB</i> Filipino deletion (23.42%), c.203_204delTG (5.49%), c.126_129delCTTT (codon 41/42) (1.68%), c.155delC (0.63%), and c.110delC (0.21%)]; two (2) conflicting patterns of pathogenicity [c.27dup (0.42%) and c.170G>A Hb J-Bangkok (0.21%)]; and four (4) polymorphisms [c.9T>C (codon 2) (40.93%), c.315+16G>C (36.92%), c.316-185C>T (25.74%), and c.-92C>G (0.21%) - were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The genetic heterogeneity of β-thalassemia in affected Filipinos emphasizes the value of mutation-based confirmation for diagnosis, carrier screening, genetic counseling, disease management, and formulation of nationwide health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 11","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spectrum of Kidney Disorders in Children Infected with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Eric Emmanuel T Aragon, Ena Lauren F Farillas, Katrina Anne T Cordova, Marimel G Reyes-Pagcatipunan, Lourdes Paula R Resontoc","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.12073","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.12073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has impacted various organ systems, including the kidneys, in adults and children. While acute kidney injury (AKI) is well-documented in adults with COVID-19, there is limited data on kidney involvement in pediatric patients, especially in resource-limited settings like the Philippines. This study explores the spectrum of kidney diseases in children infected with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to characterize the incidence and types of kidney dysfunction in pediatric COVID-19 patients, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate patient outcomes, including the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed pediatric patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection via RT-PCR, admitted to the Philippine General Hospital from March 2020 to April 2023. Patients with prior kidney disease were excluded. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical status, comorbidities, and laboratory findings were collected. Kidney dysfunction was defined as AKI, proteinuria, hematuria, or glucosuria. Associations between kidney dysfunction, COVID-19 severity, and patient outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 316 pediatric COVID-19 patients included, 47.78% (151) had kidney involvement, most commonly hematuria (28.48%), proteinuria (26.27%), and AKI (14.60%). Severe and critical COVID-19 were significantly associated with kidney dysfunction, while comorbidities such as oncologic/hematologic conditions decreased the odds of proteinuria and glucosuria. AKI was associated with hypertension, fever, and severe COVID-19. Mortality was 12.03%, with AKI and critical COVID-19 being significant risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kidney dysfunction is common in pediatric COVID-19 cases, particularly in severe disease. AKI was strongly associated with worse outcomes, including mortality. Early detection and management of kidney involvement are essential to improving prognosis in pediatric COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"60 11","pages":"99-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}