Acta Medica Philippina最新文献

{"title":"Nurses' Perceptions and Recommendations on the Safe Use of \"Copy and Paste\" Function in an Electronic Medical Record of a National Tertiary Hospital.","authors":"Neil Roy B Rosales, Clemarl Salvador M Reyes, Marie May F Lugay","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9685","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study at a national tertiary hospital in Manila, Philippines investigated the use of the \"Copy and Paste\" Function (CPF) within their Electronic Medical Record (EMR). While CPF has benefits and risks, little is known about its usage patterns and impact on patient safety at the institution. This study explores nurses' perceptions and recommendations on CPF use in this hospital's EMR, assessing its prevalence, impact on patient safety, associations between prevalence and impact, and providing usage recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sequential explanatory research design was employed using surveys and semi-structured interviews. Ethical clearance was obtained before data collection. Instruments were adapted from similar studies and have undergone expert validation. Content validity was confirmed, and internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.77). Stratified random sampling determined the respondents per area. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Spearman's rho, and thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey (n = 256) showed CPF use by nurses and doctors, and was confirmed by semi-structured interviews (n = 9). Nurses generally perceived CPF's impact on documentation as neutral (40.17%), leaning towards positive impact. Interviews supported this, revealing both \"challenges\" and \"benefits\" of CPF use as themes after thematic analysis. There was no statistically significant association between perceived CPF prevalence and its perceived impact on patient safety (p = 0.164). The theme \"considerations for safe CPF use\" also emerged from the analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found mixed perceptions on CPF's impact in healthcare. There is a call to continue its use, but safety measures must be implemented first. Recommendations include order verification, caution, practice standardization, selective CPF usage, additional technological features, and alternative documentation methods. A governance structure to manage EMR-related issues, such as unsafe CPF practices, is also recommended to ensure proper monitoring and response.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"13-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding the Reach and Relevance of Continuing Medical Education in the Philippines: Reflections on the UP Med Webinars.","authors":"Karen June P Dumlao","doi":"10.47895/amp.v59i7.13520","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v59i7.13520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Landscape of School Health Research in the Philippines: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Emilio Q Villanueva","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9916","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to map the different comprehensive and coordinated school health program (CCSHP) components and topics of published school health research in the Philippines in order to identify gaps and areas with sufficient depth for future research direction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases (PubMed and Herdin), and website (https://ejournals.ph) were searched for published studies on school health in context of Philippine school. Identified records were deduplicated, screened, and assessed for eligibility for inclusion. Information on the characteristics of the published studies were extracted and were presented as frequency and percentages. CCSHP components and topics were mapped in a tree map.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred sixteen (216) studies were included for characterization and mapping. The two most common school health component studied was counselling, psychological and social services, and health services, with the corresponding topics mental health and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. There were gaps on the topic delivery of services, and school-home-community coordination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an abundance of researches about mental health in Philippine school setting. On the other hand, there is paucity of researches in delivery of health services and school-home-community coordination. Mental health, including suicide and bullying, warrants a systematic review to provide evidences for policy creation. Further studies are needed regarding delivery of services, and school-home-community coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmologic Findings of Parachiasmal Lesions in a Tertiary Philippine Hospital.","authors":"Kevin John D Sy, Franz Marie O Cruz","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9712","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>A parachiasmal lesion is defined as a mass or growth arising from structures around or near the chiasm. Ophthalmologic signs and symptoms may be observed in such condition, such as blurring of vision, visual field defects, and binocular double vision. The primary objective of this study was to describe the presenting ophthalmologic signs and symptoms of parachiasmal lesions among patients consulting at a single institution in the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, retrospective, cohort study. Medical records of patients with parachiasmal lesions seen in the Neuro-Ophthalmology clinic of a tertiary Philippine hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were reviewed. Clinical profile, neuro-ophthalmologic presentation, diagnosis, management, and visual outcomes were summarized by descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred thirty-three (133) patient records satisfied the study criteria. Most common presenting symptoms were blurring of vision. headache, and loss of vision. Visual acuity at initial visit ranged from 20/20 to no light perception. A relative afferent pupillary defect was present in half of the study population. Almost half presented with normal-looking discs or disc pallor. Bitemporal hemianopia is the most common visual field defect pattern seen in both confrontation and automated visual field testing. Histopathology was significantly associated with visual outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parachiasmal lesion should be suspected in patients who complain of unilateral blurring of vision, and those who present with normal or pale optic discs. Pituitary adenoma is the most common radiologic and histopathologic diagnosis. Visual outcome after intervention has improved or remained stable in two-thirds of patients; visual recovery is multi-factorial, which is influenced by duration, surgery, and histopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparison of Dental Caries Severity on Stunting and Non-stunting Toddlers in Kalisat, Jember, Indonesia.","authors":"Ristya Widi Endah Yani, Ari Tri Wanadyo Handayani, Hestieyoninin Hadnyanawati, Kiswaluyo, Surartono Dwiatmoko, Elyda Akhya Afida Misrohmasari","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.4444","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.4444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Nutritional deficiency in stunting toddlers is closely related to the calcium deficiency which is the most important component of the formation of bone and tooth structure. Deficiency of calcium can delay tooth eruption and increase the risk of dental caries. Little is known about the difference in dental caries severity on stunting and non-stunting toddlers in Kalisat, Jember, Indonesia. The study aims to examine the differences between the severity of dental caries on stunting and non-stunting toddlers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach conducted in the working area of Kalisat Health Center, Jember, Indonesia. The population was stunting and non-stunting toddlers aged 25-60 months. The samples were selected using clustered random sampling technique (100 stunting toddlers and 100 non-stunting toddlers). Variables in this research were dental caries and incidence of stunting. The measurement of dental caries in toddlers was carried out by identifying the worst type of dental caries in toddlers, which occurred as pulp irritation (IP), pulp hyperemia (HP), pulp gangrene (GP), and radix gangrene (GR). Data analysis was descriptive. Mann Whitney U-test was used with 0.05 (p-value) as a test to analyze the differences between stunting and non-stunting toddlers' dental caries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stunting toddlers had more cases of pulp gangrene and radix gangrene than non-stunting toddlers. Mann Whitney U-Test showed the p-value was 0.038 (p<0.05) which meant there were differences in dental caries between stunting and non-stunting toddlers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of the stunting toddlers had more severe dental caries than the non-stunting toddlers.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Work Schedule and Work Position have an Impact on Fatigue among Geothermal Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Analysis Using Structural Equation Modeling.","authors":"Caesar Nurhadiono Raharjo, Suryo Wibowo, Aria Kekalih, Amilya Agustina, Muhammad Ilyas","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.6823","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.6823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the impact of work schedule and work position on fatigue levels among employees at a private geothermal firm in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The company has modified its work schedule considering the COVID-19 epidemic to ensure a continuous supply of energy and meet the needs of the public.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, the dependent variable is fatigue, which is classified as a latent variable. Fatigue is assessed using the Indonesian version of the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI). Fatigue is a condition that has five dimensions: lack of energy, physical exertion, physical discomfort, sleepiness, and lack of motivation. The observed variables in this study include work schedule and work position, which serve as independent variables. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), we assessed the impact of the independent variables on each dimension of fatigue. This approach allowed for the analysis of both the measurement and structural models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The investigation employed total sampling, involving 132 workers from the company who willingly participated in the study. According to the findings, workers' main fatigue dimension was lack of energy. However, the statistical analysis did not establish a significant influence of work schedule and work position on fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the findings of the SEM analysis, it is evident that there is no statistically significant correlation between work schedules and job positions with various dimensions of fatigue assessed using the SOFI questionnaire. These dimensions include lack of energy, physical exertion, physical discomfort, sleepiness, and lack of motivation. While this outcome suggests that work schedules and job positions may not directly influence fatigue levels as measured in this study, it underscores the importance of implementing occupational health and safety management systems. Additionally, promoting good work practices such as offering flexible working hours may help address potential fatigue concerns among employees. However, further research is necessary to explore additional variables that could potentially impact fatigue levels in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed Tube Thoracostomy Morbidity Rate in a Philippine Tertiary Government Hospital: 6-Year Review.","authors":"Richard C Briones, Marla Vina A Briones, Kathleen S Cruz, Realyb B Dongaban","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9493","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Closed tube thoracostomy is one of the most common hospital procedures known for its effectivity and safety; however, complications may occur, leading to poor patient outcomes. To date, the burden of morbidity among patients who underwent closed tube thoracostomy in the Philippines remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to determine the in-hospital morbidity rate among patients who underwent closed tube thoracostomy in a tertiary government hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of admitted patients who underwent closed tube thoracostomy at Bicol Medical Center from 2015 to 2020. Data were collected by reviewing medical charts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 376 patients were included in the study. Morbidity rate was 15.16% (95% CI: 11.69-19.19%), and majority were due to improper chest tube placement. Compared to those without complications, a higher proportion of patients with complications had pleural effusion and had chest tube failure (both p≤0.05). The median operative time was also significantly longer in patients with complications compared to those without complications (p=0.0012). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with complications than those without complications. Total and postoperative length of stay were significantly longer in patients with complications than those without complications (p<0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Complications after closed tube thoracostomy are common. Across all variables analyzed, only indication of chest tube insertion, operative time, and occurrence of chest tube failure were found to differ between patients with and without complications. Moreover, patients with complications had longer length of stay than those without. Reducing positional tube complications may help decrease in-hospital morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional Cranial CT Imaging Findings and Patterns in Clinically Diagnosed COVID-19 Cases in a Tertiary Referral Center.","authors":"Dennis Raymond L Sacdalan, Jolly Jason S Catibog, Cesar C de Guzman","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.10069","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.10069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presents not only as a respiratory ailment but also poses risks of neurological complications whose underlying mechanisms remain unclear. These complications range from mild to severe and may involve direct invasion of the central nervous system (CNS), disruption of the blood-brain barrier, or systemic cytokine effects. Diagnostic challenges persist due to the suboptimal sensitivity of RT-PCR assays.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to review the contrast and non-contrast enhanced cranial CT images of all diagnosed COVID-19 patients in a tertiary referral center with the clinical impression of non-traumatic and nonoperative CNS pathologies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing CT images of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms. Among 51 included patients, plain CT scans were predominantly used, revealing no acute infarcts or hemorrhages in the majority, while frontal lobe involvement was notable in cases with pathology. Chronic infarcts or ischemic changes were observed in over half of the cases, primarily affecting the anterior circulation. Only one case of meningitis was documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the final analysis, 51 patients met the inclusion criteria out of the initial 64 enrolled. The study population, predominantly male with a mean age of 58.02 ± 20.87 years, mainly comprised patients solely diagnosed with COVID-19. Plain CT scans were favored over contrast-enhanced scans (76.50%, n = 39). While most patients had no acute infarcts or hemorrhages, the frontal lobe was commonly affected among stroke patients (9.8%, n = 5). Additionally, a significant portion of patients without acute stroke findings exhibited chronic infarcts or ischemic changes (57.69%, n = 15).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study sheds light on the radiological patterns of CNS involvement in COVID-19 patients, highlighting frequent frontal lobe involvement possibly attributed to hypercoagulability and endotheliitis. Further research with larger sample sizes and MRI utilization is recommended to enhance our understanding of CNS manifestations in COVID-19. This study contributes to understanding COVID-19 neurological sequelae, particularly in terms of radiological patterns, among patients presenting with neurological symptoms. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive evaluation and management of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Going Beyond Borders: Factors Driving Filipino Occupational Therapists to Work Overseas.","authors":"Kyla Gielyne D Guinihin, Princess Margaret M Aloya, Sharmilaein S Marañon, Kimberly Addie C Soria, Karen Kae Tuibeo-Estanislao, Rod Charlie R Delos Reyes","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9937","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Philippines was renowned for its reputation as one of the leading countries in the world, holding notable contributions for supplying the global laborers including occupational therapists alongside other healthcare professionals. The importance of occupational therapists in the healthcare industry was progressively being acknowledged, as they offer rehabilitative care to Filipinos in need within the country. With the continual advancement of knowledge, occupational therapists were fast becoming in-demand professionals locally. However, there appeared to be a dearth of practicing registered occupational therapists in the Philippines, owing to their inclination towards overseas employment as seen by their migration to affluent countries driven by push factors, which are unfavorable circumstances in the place of origin that reinforce migration, and pull factors, which are things that attract the migrant to move to the destination country.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the factors influencing the Filipino occupational therapists towards selecting a working environment, prevailing factors that contributed to the decision of Filipino occupational therapists to work overseas, and significant differences between the working conditions domestically and internationally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized a qualitative descriptive study to conduct a comprehensive exploration, studying the subtleties and complex nature of Filipino occupational therapists' migration. Researchers conducted semi-structured online interviews with 10 participants currently working as occupational therapists abroad across four countries including Australia, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, and United States of America. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data, resulting in the identification of seven themes that described the factors on why Filipino occupational therapists went beyond the borders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There are seven themes that describe factors why occupational therapists work abroad. These factors include (a) Labor Provisions, (b) Financial Motivations, (c) Organizational Camaraderie, (d) Presence of Career Progression, (e) Vast Resource Modalities, (f) Individualized Gains, and (g) Political Apathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study stipulated the parameters aimed at improving occupational therapy working conditions and encouraging proactive initiatives to alleviate the shortage and reverse the brain drain among occupational therapists in the Philippines' healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"33-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Resazurin Microplate Assay (REMA) in Evaluating Anti-MRSA and Anti-MSSA Activities.","authors":"Cayel Jurist C Garong, Normela Patricia F Burigsay, Renelyn S Gapultos, John Lloyd B Mandawe, Rae Martin V Pedrosa, Geraldine B Dayrit","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.10096","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.10096","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Methicillin-resistant &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of hospital and community-acquired infections, showing antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is an increasing public health concern. One of the commonly-used methods to evaluate resistance include the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. However, this test is found to be time-consuming, lacking in terms of mechanization and automation, alongside its non-applicability to certain antibiotics such as vancomycin. Thus, the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommends using the broth microdilution method in the evaluation of antibacterial activities against &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt;. A rapid laboratory identification of MRSA is important in the treatment of patients. Therefore, this study aims to optimize and evaluate the effectiveness of a rapid microplate assay using resazurin dye as a colorimetric indicator in determining antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible &lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt; (MSSA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Clinical isolates of MRSA and MSSA were obtained from the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) Microbiology Section, and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) controls of both strains (ATCC 25923 and ATCC 43300) were acquired. These were then subjected to identification and confirmation procedures. A standardization of bacterial inoculum was performed by comparing its 24-hr growth in Mueller Hinton Broth to 0.5 McFarland Standard. The resazurin microplate assay (REMA) was set-up using two-fold serial dilution of control antibiotics such as oxacillin, vancomycin, and cefoxitin. Each plate was inoculated with standardized bacterial growth of controls and clinical isolates. To determine the time needed for the reduction of the resazurin dye, a qualitative assessment was conducted by comparing the reaction time between a 6.75 mg/mL dye with a 0.01 mg/mL dye. The plates were also subjected to different incubation times and dye concentrations, and the optical densities of the plates were compared using a microplate reader.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Results showed that there were no significant differences between the optical densities of the wells of those incubated for 5 hours and for 24 hours (p &gt;0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the reaction time of the dye (from 18 hours to 1 hour) when the dye concentration was reduced from 6.75 mg/mL to 0.01 mg/mL. The optimized REMA showed a significant difference between the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the different antibiotics against the control and isolate strains of MRSA and MSSA, showing a W of -2.98 (p &lt;0.05) using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum non-parametric test. Furthermore, the REMA has shown better illustration of anti-MRSA and anti-MSSA activities as compared to the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the results presented, the resear","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 7","pages":"55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}