Acta Medica Philippina最新文献

{"title":"UPLC-QTOF Mass Spectrometry Detection of Four Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (Methyl Paraben, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, Monobutyl Phthalate, and Bisphenol A) in Urine of Filipino Women.","authors":"Francisco M Heralde, Zaidy T Martin, Maria Stephanie Fay S Cagayan, Esterlita V Uy, Paulyn Jean R Ubial, Michael C Velarde, Erlidia F Llamas-Clark","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9007","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitously found as low-level contaminants and pose serious threat to women's health. EDCs may result in various reproductive disorders, fetal birth and developmental abnormalities, and endocrine and metabolic disorders. EDCs can be detected in body fluids of exposed individuals including blood and urine. This study aimed to detect four EDCs - Methyl Paraben (MP), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Monobutyl Phthalate (MBP), and Bisphenol A (BPA) in urine samples of women using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (UPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sequential steps of enzymatic deconjugation, liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, and liquid chromatography separation and mass spectrometry detection were optimized in urine samples. The method was used to analyze 70 urine samples from women of reproductive age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample preparation method showed a recovery ranging from 86.6% (MBP) to 100 % (2,4-D). The method demonstrated limits of quantitation ranging from 1.52 ng/m(MP) to 6.46 ng/mL(2,4D). Intra-day precisions expressed as relative standard deviation were all below 15% while accuracy was shown to range from 67.10% (2,4-D) to 102.39% (MBP). MP was detected in nine samples (12.86%) with a geometric mean value of 10.15 ng/ml (range: 3.62-52.39 ng/ml). MBP was detected in 68 samples (97.14%) with a geometric mean value of 97.62 ng/ml (range: 15.32-698.18 ng/ml). BPA was detected only once (9.58 ng/ml) while 2, 4-D was not detected in all samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A UPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry method to detect four EDCs at parts per billion level (ng/ml) was adapted and applied for analysis of urine samples. This method can find applicability in routine testing of clinical specimens as well as surveillance and other epidemiological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of an Order Set for Adults Admitted for Acute Heart Failure at a National University Hospital in the Philippines.","authors":"John Vincent U Magalong, Felix Eduardo R Punzalan, Marie Kirk Patrich A Maramara, Frederick Berro B Rivera, Zane Oliver O Nelson, Bai Sitti Ameerah B Tago, Cecileen Anne M Tuazon, Ruth Divine D Agustin, Lauren Kay M Evangelista, Michelle Marie Q Pipo, Eugenio B Reyes, John C Añonuevo, Diana R Tamondong-Lachica","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.8404","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.8404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Heart Failure (HF) remains a major health concern worldwide. In the Philippine General Hospital (PGH), HF is consistently a top cause of mortality and readmissions among adults. The American College of Cardiology (ACC) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published guidelines for interventions that improve quality of life and survival, but they are underused and untested for local acceptability. Hospitals overseas used order sets created from these guidelines, which resulted in a considerable decrease in in-hospital mortality and healthcare costs. We aimed to develop an order set for adult patients with acute heart failure (AHF) admitted to the PGH Emergency Department (ED) to improve care outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized a mixed methods approach to create the AHF order set. ESC and ACC HF guidelines were appraised using the AGREE II tool. Class I interventions for AHF were included in the initial order set. Through focused group discussions (FGD), clinicians and other care team members involved in the management of AHF patients at PGH ED modified and validated the order set. Stakeholders were asked to use online Delphi and FGD to get a consensus on how to amend, approve, and carry out the order given.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon review of HF guidelines, 29 recommendations on patient monitoring, initial diagnostic, and therapeutic interventions were adopted in the order set. Orders on subspecialty referrals and ED disposition were introduced. The AHF patient was operationally defined in the setting of PGH ED. The clinical orders fit the PGH context, ensuring evidence-based, cost-effective, and accessible care responsiveness to patients' needs and suitable for local practice. Workflow changes due to COVID-19 were considered. Potential barriers to implementation were identified and addressed. The final order set was adopted for implementation through stakeholder consensus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PGH developed and adopted its own AHF order set that is locally applicable and can potentially optimize outcomes of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Ventilator Acquisition Strategy in a Large Private Tertiary Medical Center Using Monte Carlo Simulation.","authors":"Joven Jeremius Q Tanchuco, Fernando B Garcia","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.3892","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.3892","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Mechanical ventilators are essential albeit expensive equipment to support critically ill patients who have gone into respiratory failure. Adequate numbers should always be available to ensure that a hospital provides the optimal care to patients but the number of patients requiring them at any one time is unpredictable. Finding therefore the best balance in providing adequate ventilator numbers while ensuring the financial sustainability of a hospital is important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A quantitative method using Monte Carlo Simulation was used to identify the optimal strategy for acquiring ventilators in a large private tertiary medical center in Metro Manila. The number of ventilators needed to provide ventilator needs 90% of the days per month (27/30) was determined using historical data on ventilator use over a period of four years. Four acquisition strategies were investigated: three ownership strategies (outright purchase, installment, and staggered purchase) and a rental strategy. Return on Investment (ROI), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Payback period (or Breakeven Point) for each strategy were determined to help recommend the best strategy.A qualitative survey was also conducted among doctors, nurses, and respiratory therapists who were taking care of patients hooked to ventilators to find out their experiences comparing hospital-owned and rental ventilators.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;It was found that a total of 11 respirators were needed by the hospital to ensure that enough respirators were available for its patients at least 90% of the days in any month based on the previous four-year period. This meant acquiring three more ventilators as the hospital already owned eight. Among the strategies studied, projected over a 10-year period, the installment strategy (50% down payment with 0% interest over a 5-year period) proved to be the most financially advantageous with ROI = 9.36 times, IRR = 97% per year, MIRR = 26% per year, NPV = ₱39,324,297.60 and Payback period = 1.03 years). A more realistic installment strategy with 15% (paid quarterly or annually) and 25% annual interest rates were also explored with their financial parameters quite like but not as good as the 0% interest. The outright purchase of three ventilators came in lower (ROI = 4.53 times, IRR = 55% per year, MIRR = 19% per year, NPV = ₱38,064,297.60 and Payback period = 1.81 years) followed last by staggered purchase with ROI = 3.56 times, IRR = 64% per year, MIRR = 28% per year, NPV = ₱29,905,438.08, and payback period of 2.06 years. As there was no investment needed for the rental strategy, the only financial parameter available for it is the NPV which came out as ₱21,234,057.60.The qualitative part of the study showed that most of the healthcare workers involved in the care of patients attached to the ventilator were aware of the renta","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying COVID-19 Confirmed Patients at Elevated Risk for Mortality and Need of Mechanical Ventilation Using a Novel Criteria for Hyperinflammatory Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort, Single-center, Validation Study.","authors":"Jayvee Rho-An D Descalsota, Abdul Walli R Cana, Inofel I Chin, Jessie F Orcasitas","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9370","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>A mounting evidence links dysregulated immune response to cases of fatal pneumonia seen in COVID-19 infection. We aimed to validate the COVID-19-associated Hyperinflammatory Syndrome (cHIS) score, a novel clinical tool devised to identify those at risk for adverse outcomes, in a local population and investigate the relationship of cHIS score taken at admission and the risk of mortality and the need of mechanical ventilation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data of 1,881 COVID-19 patients admitted at a tertiary hospital in Davao City, Philippines from January to December 2021. We calculated the cHIS score, composed of six clinical and laboratory criteria from admission, and used multivariate logistic regression to determine the risk of mortality and need of mechanical ventilation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cHIS score taken at admission, regardless of cut-off value, was a significant predictor of mortality (OR 0.979 [99% CI 0.894-1.064]) and need of mechanical ventilation (OR 0.586 [99% CI 0.4975-0.6745]). Using the Youden Index, a cut-off cHIS score of 3 or more was a better predictor of mortality (sensitivity, 88.59%; specificity, 71.72%), and a cut-off score of 2 or more was a better predictor of need of mechanical ventilation (sensitivity, 84.02%; specificity, 70.82%) than other cut-off cHIS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among COVID-19 patients, the cHIS score at admission correlated with the risk of mortality and the need of mechanical ventilation. Cutoff scores of 3 and 2 had the optimal sensitivities and specificities to predict the risk of mortality and the need of mechanical ventilation, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Filipinos Ready for Long-term Care? A Qualitative Study on Awareness, Perspectives, and Challenges of Relevant Organizations, Community Leaders, Carers, and Older Persons in Select Sites in the Philippines.","authors":"Angely P Garcia, Shelley Ann F de la Vega, Ayra Mae S Balingbing, Ma Anna Carmina D Orlino, Jan Michael M Herber, Angelita L Viloria-Larin","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9778","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9778","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;With the global population aging, there is an emerging need for access to quality long-term care (LTC) services. Many countries have developed LTC systems while others are at the infancy stage. This paper aimed to provide an overview of the country's readiness for LTC based on the perspectives of relevant stakeholders. Specifically, it described the roles, initiatives, and challenges of relevant organizations and community leaders for LTC provision. It also described the older persons (OPs) and carers' perspectives towards LTC including their awareness, capacity, and preferences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study utilized a descriptive design using qualitative methods of data collection namely key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). Participating institutions and their designated representatives were purposively sampled as key informants. OPs and carers from select barangays in NCR and Region IVA participated in the FGDs. Guided by the interpretivism approach, thematic analysis was performed. A trained research assistant coded the FGD and KII transcripts through the Nvivo PRO plus software and verified by the first author. Themes were reviewed and validated by the multidisciplinary team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 15 KIIs and two FGDs were conducted. The participating institutions and organizations were found to have varied roles and initiatives relevant to LTC; from strategic planning, development of policies and standards of care, training and capacity-building, and up to the actual implementation of LTC services. Identified challenges include implementation issues, financial issues, lack of political and stakeholder support, OPs and familial issues, and lack of knowledge on LTC.Participants shared their description on what LTC is, an LTC facility, and the conditions of those in LTC facility. OPs expressed their willingness to utilize LTC services and identified several factors related to their preferred LTC arrangements. Carers identified various topics related to taking care of OPs that they would like to learn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The roles, initiatives, and awareness of relevant stakeholders, older persons, and carers towards LTC were found to greatly vary. Policy makers, health workforce, families, communities, and the older persons themselves should have a better understanding of long-term care before they can provide or utilize the system. With the current landscape of LTC provision, the country still has a long way to go in achieving the integrated continuum of LTC appropriate to promote healthy aging. Promoting awareness, integrating LTC in the current programs and services for older persons in the country, capacitating the formal and non-formal caregivers, and strengthening collaborations are recommended.Further research on quantitative measures of readiness for long-term care with focus on the health system and in-depth s","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"21-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Community Pharmacists in Eastern Visayas towards Readiness to Provide Information Service on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Products.","authors":"Archie M Cabachete, Judah Israel O Lescano, Lorraine V Tagle, Micah M Areja, Elizabeth Y Tan, Gea Abigail U Ecoy, Florencio V Arce, Gerard Lee L See","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9085","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community pharmacists are strategically positioned to dispense Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) products as part of their innate roles in the provision of accurate drug information to patients. This unique position of the pharmacist could be best realized if equipped with good knowledge and skills in regard to CAM products.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the readiness of community pharmacists in the provision of CAM product-related information to patients by assessing the knowledge and determined the attitudes and practices of community pharmacists regarding CAM products in Eastern Visayas, Philippines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) survey design was utilized in this study. Community pharmacists (n=58) in Eastern Visayas, Philippines were the research participants in the study. The survey questionnaire constituted four sections: socio-demographic profile, attitudes, practices, and knowledge of community pharmacists on CAM products. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed that the majority of respondents are female (87.93%), age range in between 21-30 (62.07%), working full-time (79.31%), and bachelor's degree holder (98.28%). More than half of the participants (53.45%) did not receive any education or training on CAM products during undergraduate studies. Community pharmacists displayed strong positive attitudes (mean=3.74) and had a moderate frequency of practice on CAM products (mean=3.20). The knowledge test revealed that only a few of the community pharmacists (31.03%) were considered knowledgeable. A significant relationship between years of work experience in community pharmacy and knowledge was found in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite having strong attitude and moderate level of practice, community pharmacists in Eastern Visayas showed a low level of knowledge on CAM products. Demand for CAM products by patients encouraged community pharmacists to dispense and provide information. Readiness of community pharmacists in terms of knowledge provision of CAM product-related information to patients were found to be insufficient while a moderate level of practice towards CAM products was reported. Community pharmacists displayed a strong positive attitude towards CAM products. Overall, the community pharmacists are not ready to provide CAM information service in the context of the knowledge, attitude, and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"80-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Suicide among Adolescents in Bangka Belitung Island, Indonesia: a Qualitative Study Approach.","authors":"Suherman, Budi Anna Keliat, Novy Helena Catharina Daulima, Besral","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.8797","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.8797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide among adolescents is a critical global health problem. Identifying risk factors for suicide in adolescents is crucial because it is one of the most severe mental health issues and can result in loss of life. Risk factors serve as indicators that have the potential to bring life to an end. However, people around adolescents often display indifference and even tend to overlook the suicide risk factors experienced by them.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the risk factors for suicide in adolescents in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used qualitative descriptive research design conducted at State Vocational High Schools (SMKN) and Puskesmas. Data collection was done through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) of 10 students, and in-depth interviews of eight participants (two parents of adolescents who attempted suicide, two guidance counseling teachers, two adolescents who attempted suicide, and two mental nurses) The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk factors for suicide experienced by adolescents are biological, psychological, and social factors. These risk factors for suicide are stressors that contribute to adolescents engaging in suicidal behavior. Identifying the risk factors experienced by adolescents is crucial for suicide prevention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk factors that lead to suicide in adolescents encompass biological, psychological, and social factors. A thorough understanding of suicide among parents, teachers, and peers can significantly assist in implementing suitable prevention measures and interventions for adolescent suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goal Attainment Scaling and Quality of Life of Autistic Children Receiving Speech and Language Therapy in a Higher Educational Institution in the Philippines.","authors":"Kerwyn Jim C Chan, Marie Carmela M Lapitan, Cynthia P Cordero","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9739","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.9739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to describe the demographic profile, intervention sessions, goal attainment scaling (GAS), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of autistic children receiving speech and language therapy (SLT) in a higher educational institution in the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Deidentified data from 18 autistic children aged 4-16 years (mean=8.2; SD=2.9) who received SLT for two months were analyzed. Their demographic profile, intervention sessions, GAS scores, and generic HRQOL scores were documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were school-age children (n=12; 66%) and were boys (n=14; 78%). After two months, the GAS scores of 11 participants (61%) increased by 1-2 points, whereas the scores of the remaining participants decreased (n=6; 33%) or did not change (n=1; 6%). Their mean generic HRQOL scores before and after SLT were 65.6 (SD=15.2) and 61.2 (SD=17.4), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the GAS scores increased for most participants, their generic HRQOL scores did not show clinically significant changes after two months of SLT. This can be attributed to the few therapy sessions and short follow-up period. The findings highlight the need to provide long-term support to SLT services of autistic children in the Philippines to document more desirable quality of life outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"7-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes Measures in Philippine Speech-Language Pathology Service Delivery.","authors":"Jocelyn Christina Marzan","doi":"10.47895/amp.v59i3.13090","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.v59i3.13090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal Dimension Approach for Quantitative Analysis Radiograph in Periapical Inflammation: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Azhari, Lusi Epsilawati, Dwi Putri Wulansari, Ichda Nabiela Amiria Asykarie","doi":"10.47895/amp.vi0.7186","DOIUrl":"10.47895/amp.vi0.7186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Periapical inflammation on visual interpretation, especially in conditions of early inflammation, is very dependent on visual acuity. Visual ability can only detect if the inflammatory condition in the periapical area is more than 30%. This study reviewed the use of fractal dimension (FD) for quantitative assessment radiographs in periapical inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria were clinical research, the area was in the periapical inflammation, used the periapical radiograph, measured the fractal dimension in human bone, the article studies were in the English language. There was no restriction for publication date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five articles were found in which fractal dimension was applied for the assessment of periapical lesions visually indiscernible in radiographs, for evaluation of apical inflammation, for imaging diagnosis of the periapical lesion, for analysis of trabecular bone, and for analysis of trabecular bone structure around the bone of periapical inflammation. Various sizes and sites of the regions of interest were used to evaluate the bone structure of periapical inflammation with fractal dimension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fractal dimension in Dentistry has been widely applied to the study of images. Periapical radiographs were the most frequently used. The Image J software and the fractal analysis method were extensively adopted in the studies reviewed herein. Further studies are encouraged to improve the use of fractal dimension in assessing quantitative radiographs in periapical inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":6994,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica Philippina","volume":"59 3","pages":"125-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}