Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica最新文献

{"title":"CLEAVAGE RATE AND MORPHOLOGY OF EARLY HUMAN EMBRYOS OBTAINED AFTER ARTIFICIAL FERTILIZATION AND CULTURE","authors":"Per Sundström, Ove Nilsson, Percy Liedholm","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00020.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00020.x","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian follicles were aspirated at midcycle from 193 women admitted to the hospital because of infertility or for legal sterilization. Eighteen women had not received prior hormone stimulation and 175 had been stimulated either with Clomiphene citrate and hCG or with hCG alone.Preovulatory oocytes could not be obtained from any of the women in the non‐stimulated group, but were obtained from 86 (49%) in the stimulated group. Of these 86, oocytes from 63 women were cultured successfully and from 47 (75%) cleavage occurred. The most advanced stages observed were about 10‐cell embryos, but no attempts were made to culture them further. Almost all the oocytes which cleaved were obtained from women in whom the progesterone level started to rise from the basal level within 24 hours of the operation.Eight cleaved oocytes were taken for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Early cleavage stages showed spheroidal mitochondria with a few peripheral cristae, while the number of elongated mitochondria with transverse cristae increased in later stages. Mitochondria—vesicle complexes, consisting of a vesicle filled with a dense substance and surrounded by 5–15 mitochondria, were observed in early (but not in more advanced) embryos. The complex is probably part of a transport system from the nucleus to the mitochondria. In the later stages, a type of granulated vesicle appeared. Thus, some changes occurred in tact with the degree of development, while no differences could be seen between oocytes with differing cleavage rates.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTROGEN REGIMEN OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA","authors":"A. Öbrink, G. Bunne, J. Collén, B. Tjernberg","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00036.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00036.x","url":null,"abstract":"In order to detect a possible association between exogenous estrogens and endometrial cancer under Swedish circumstances, the previous use of estrogens among 622 cases of endometrial cancer 1974–77 has been compared with that of the average female population, represented by a randomly selected sample of 1 866 contemporaries to the cancer cases.Among women aged 50–69 years, 6–36 months of use of ‘natural’ and/or to a much lesser extent ‘synthetic’ estrogens was equally common in the two groups. However, starting in 1976, 3–6 years of use became increasingly more common among cancer cases. Taking 1974–77 together, cancer cases had been on such a long‐term regimen more than 5 times as commonly as controls. Additional progestagen treatment was equally rare in the two groups. Tumors of estrogen users were of a significantly lower grade than those of non‐users of the same age.While it cannot be concluded at this stage that estrogens are cocarcinogenic, the evident possibility motivates a somewhat cautious, restrictive approach to prescription. Progestagens could be added sequentially, though it is not yet verified that they abolish the association between endometrial cancer and estrogens that is now recognized by many investigators.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF INSTRUMENTAL DELIVERY ON THE FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF RETINAL HEMORRHAGES IN THE NEWBORN","authors":"K. Egge, G. Lyng, J. M. Maltau","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00028.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00028.x","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency and severity of retinal hemorrhages were studied in 200 newborns within the first 72 hours of life. One hundred of the neonates were delivered instrumentally by either forceps (49 cases) or vacuum extraction (51 cases). Another hundred neonates were delivered spontaneously and served as controls. Both the highest and the lowest frequency of retinal hemorrhages were found among the babies delivered by instrumentation. The actual values were 50 per cent in the vacuum group and only 16 per cent in the forceps group (p&lt;0.01). The spontaneously delivered babies, who served as controls, showed retinal hemorrhages in 41 per cent of the cases. The frequency of severe retinal hemorrhages was <jats:italic>five</jats:italic> times higher in the vacuum group compared to both the forceps group and the control group (p&lt;0.01, p&lt;0.001).","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"410 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvascular flow imaging of fibroids: A prospective pilot study","authors":"Marissa Frijlingh,&nbsp;Barbara Stoelinga,&nbsp;Robert A. de Leeuw,&nbsp;Wouter J. K. Hehenkamp,&nbsp;Jos W. R. Twisk,&nbsp;Thierry van den Bosch,&nbsp;Lynda J. M. Juffermans,&nbsp;Judith A. F. Huirne","doi":"10.1111/aogs.14914","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aogs.14914","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Imaging fibroid vascularity may predict fibroid growth and aid to determine most appropriate therapy. Microvascular (MV) flow imaging is relatively new and is able to detect slow flow in small vessels. Data on feasibility, reproducibility, and reliability of MV-flow imaging in fibroids is lacking. The purpose of our study was to determine the reproducibility of MV-flow imaging and to explore this technique for clinical practice for assessing blood flow in fibroids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty patients with one or multiple fibroids (diameter 1.5–12.0 cm) were prospectively included. Transvaginal ultrasound scanning was performed in B-mode, 2D MV-Flow™, 2D and 3D power Doppler mode (HERA W10, Samsung) by two experienced gynecologists at a tertiary care clinic from February to December 2021. The primary outcome was intra- and interobserver agreement of the vascular index (VI) and color score (CS). The following parameters: ‘2D MV-flow VI’, ‘3DPD VI’, ‘2D MV-flow CS’ and ‘2DPD CS’ were measured offline in the center, pseudocapsule, and entire fibroid. Secondary offline outcomes for exploring 2D MV-flow for clinical practice, included (1) ability to discern vascular structures, (2) assessing the degree of vascularity via CS and calculating a VI, and (3) determining penetration depth of the ultrasound signal in both power Doppler and MV-flow imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All scans of the 30 included patients were of sufficient quality to analyze. Inter- and intra-observer correlations of all studied parameters were good to excellent, both for 2D MV-flow and 2D power Doppler (intercorrelation coefficient 0.992–0.996). Using 2D MV-flow different vascular structures were visible in detail, in contrary to using 2D and 3D power Doppler. In significantly more fibroids central flow could be visualized using 2D MV-flow (63%) than with 2D power Doppler (13%, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Finally, penetration of the ultrasound signal was deeper using 2D MV-flow (3.92 cm) than with 2D power Doppler (2.95 cm, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using 2D MV-flow imaging for determining vascularity is highly reproducible. It has potential added value for clinical practice as it depicts detailed vascular structures and the degree of vascularity, especially in the center of the fibroid.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"103 11","pages":"2193-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aogs.14914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TERM BREECH DELIVERY","authors":"Peter Bistoletti, Henry Nisell, Charlotte Palme, Hugo Lagercrantz","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00031.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00031.x","url":null,"abstract":"Threehundred and sixty‐six consecutive singleton breech presentations were analyzed for clinical factors associated with fetal complications related to vaginal delivery, and for the impact of different cesarean section rates on the incidence of fetal complications.The condition at birth of the vaginally delivered (243 cases) infants was found to correlate with maternal prepregnancy weight, and size of the fetal head.During the period of study the cesarean section rate changed from approximately 20 per cent of term breech presentations at the beginning to almost 50 per cent at its end. This was accompanied by a decrease in the traumatic morbidity. However, at follow‐up only a small minority of those registered were found to be significantly affected. The fetal asphyxia rate was not influenced by the increased cesarean section rate. At follow‐up one of 33 infants born asphyxiated showed late psychomotor development.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DOSAGE OF INSULIN DURING DELIVERY AND THE IMMEDIATE POST‐PARTUM PERIOD IN PREGNANT DIABETICS","authors":"Ulf Hanson, Peter Moberg, Suad Efendic","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00034.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00034.x","url":null,"abstract":"Several different principles have been presented for treatment of the pregnant diabetic in connection with labor. There is, however, a lack of documentation of blood glucose levels in the immediate post‐partum period. On the day of delivery and on the 2 following days, 55 diabetics were given one daily injection of an intermediate‐acting insulin, irrespective of the mode of delivery. The amount of insulin given was one‐third of the total dose on the day before delivery. From 07.00 hours on the day of delivery, blood‐glucose levels were determined every fourth hour for 48 hours. This insulin dosage gave a satisfactory control of glycemia with a low incidence of hypoglycemia and additional insulin was very seldom required.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GRANULAR CELL TUMOR IN THE PERINEUM","authors":"Niels Hansborg, Hanne Refn","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00042.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00042.x","url":null,"abstract":"Granular cell tumor is a lesion which clinically often resembles a fibroma. The tumor is, however, frequently ill‐defined, and it may be mistaken for a malignant growth. The granular cell tumor is only rarely located to the perineum. A total of 55 cases have been reported. The diagnosis can be obtained by frozen section microscopy. Recurrence is prevented by excising the whole lesion. The development of malignancy is extremely rare.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α1‐ANTITRYPSIN — COMPLEXATION AND INACTIVATION IN THE UTERINE FLUID OF IUD‐USERS","authors":"Bertil Casslén, Kjell Ohlsson","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00019.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00019.x","url":null,"abstract":"Electrophoretic homogeneity of α<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>‐antitrypsin (α<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>‐AT) was studied in the uterine fluid from two groups of normal women; one group was comprised of IUD‐users, the other on non‐users. α<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>‐AT was found in its free and active form in non‐users. In IUD‐users, one fraction was complexed by granulocyte elastase and neutral proteinase. The other fraction had the same electrophoretic mobility as the native inhibitor, but was inactive, as determined from trypsin inhibition studies. This may explain the finding of elastase activity together with non‐complexed α<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>‐AT in some samples from IUD‐users. It is concluded that uterine fluid in IUD‐users possesses a minimal, if any, proteinase inhibiting potential. Non‐inhibited activity of granulocyte proteinases in the uterine cavity may incluence hemostasis of the endometrium.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTIVITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES CONTAINING NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL ESTROGENS IN COMBINATION WITH A GESTAGEN","authors":"J. Serup, E. Bostofte, S. Larsen, J. Westergaard","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00038.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00038.x","url":null,"abstract":"With the purpose of investigating effectivity and acceptability of an oral contraceptive containing micronized natural estrogens (estradiol‐17β 4 mg + estriol 2 mg /norehisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet) versus a contraceptive containing artificial estrogen (ethinyl estradiol 50 μg/norethisterone acetate 3 mg per tablet), a controlled doubleblind investigation was performed in 111 young women. The investigation was designed for 12 cycles. The tablets were given consecutively for 3 weeks with 1 week's interruption. In the natural estrogen group 57 women completed 504 cycles, in the artificial estrogen group 54 women completed 510 cycles (Table I). No pregnancies occurred. There were highly significantly more terminations due to bleeding irregularities (p&lt; 0.001), and highly significantly more spotting (p&lt;0.001), breakthrough (p&lt;0.001) and amenorrhea (p&lt;0.00l) episodes in the natural estrogen group (Tables II and III). Bleeding irregularities on natural estrogens did not subside during the trial (Table IV). There were a few more psychiatric and CNS symptoms on natural estrogen (p&lt;0.05), but other side effects did not differ between the two preparations (Table V). Blood pressure and weight did not vary significantly. Despite documented metabolic advantages, the natural estrogen tablet investigated was not found to be clinically acceptable for general usage because of the high incidence of bleeding irregularities. It is conceivable that a change of the estrogen/gestagen ratio, using a variable 3‐weck schedule, would reduce the number of bleeding irregularities.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SERUM LEVELS OF THE “PREGNANCY–ZONE PROTEIN” DURING SHORT‐TERM PRENATAL DEXAMETHASONE THERAPY","authors":"B. Teisner, A. P. Lange, J. Folkersen, H. Anthonsen, B. von Schoultz, T. Stigbrand","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00030.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00030.x","url":null,"abstract":"The serum concentration of the “Pregnancy Zone Protein” (PZP) was followed in 5 patients treated with dexamethasone (12 mg per day for 1 week) in the third trimester of pregnancy. The serum concentration of PZP was found to decrease significantly to an average of 58 per cent of the pretreatment levels.The simultaneous change in serum estriol levels during treatment and other factors of possible importance for the serum concentration of PZP are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}