Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica最新文献

{"title":"STIMULATION OF LABOR IN CASES OF PREMATURE RUPTURE OF THE MEMBRANES AT OR NEAR TERM","authors":"Aksel P. Lange, Niels J. Secher, Folmer Hassing Nielsen, Gunnar Thomsen Pedersen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00039.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00039.x","url":null,"abstract":"Prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>‐tablets were compared to in‐ravenous oxytocin for the stimulation of labor in 201 patients at or near term, with premature spontaneous rupture of the membranes without labor activity for 6 hours after the escape of fluid. The patients were randomly allocated; 99 were treated with PGE<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>‐tablets (0.5–1.5 mg/hour) and 102 with intravenous oxytocin (7.5–45 mIU/min).The treatment was ineffective in the PGE<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> group in 3 cases; these were treated successfully with intravenous oxytocin. In the oxytocin group, 3 patients were delivered by cesarean section for reasons not associated with the drug. A significant difference was found in the stimulation‐delivery time, in favor of intravenous oxytocin.Although PGE<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> tablets are a safe and convenient alternative to intravenous oxytocin, the investigation showed that intravenous oxytocin is preferable in cases of premature rupture of the membranes with more than 6 hours without labor activity.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EARLY PREDICTION OF INDIVIDUAL SERUM TOTAL ESTRIOL CURVES IN PREGNANCY","authors":"P. V. Bagger, K. Jacobsson, B. Gullberg","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00035.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00035.x","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating 60 individual serum total estriol (S‐E<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>) courses from normal pregnancies, we found individual S‐E<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> courses parallel with the general mean, but with half the standard deviation. Thus one can predict the individual S‐E<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> course, which may function as a reference for every S‐E<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> estimation later on. A S‐E<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> decrease of more than 33 per cent from the individual mean is statistically significant at the 2.5 per cent level.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIGH HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS AND FETAL RISK DURING PREGNANCY","authors":"Alf Meberg","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00044.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00044.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JEJUNO‐ILEAL BYPASS SURGERY IN OBESITY","authors":"H. Hey, U. Niebuhr‐Jørgensen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00025.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00025.x","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the quality of life were demonstrated in 38 young women who had undergone intestinal bypass surgery for obesity. After the operation about half the women complained of decreased libido or sexual activity, apparently due to psychological problems related to the development of asthenia secondary to metabolic disturbances.Bypass surgery resulted in a more regular pattern of menstruation but oral contraception was ineffective because of impaired intestinal absorption, perhaps due to a rapid transit time.No absolute contraindication to pregnancy was found but there are many risk‐factors for both mother and fetus because of electrolyte disturbances, malnutrition and vitamin deficiency. Infants born to women after bypass surgery were found to have lower birth weights, were shorter, and the placental weight was low. It is necessary for these patients to have close medical supervision.The results of our study show that intestinal bypass surgery in young women has side effects which should not be ignored.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PLACENTA IN INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEPRIVATION","authors":"Y. Z. Diamant, R. Kissilevitz","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00026.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00026.x","url":null,"abstract":"Sixteen placentas from pregnancies complicated by mild preeclamptic toxemia, 11 placentas from pregnancies associated with severe pre‐eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation (IGR), 14 placentas from IGR gestation of non‐toxemic origin, and 47 placentas from normal pregnancies terminated at 38–40 weeks by the birth of live babies, were investigated for total organ weight, DNA, protein content (PC), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CL), phospholipid phosphorus (P‐PL), percentage of dry matter, and for activity of enzymes with a regulatory function in the pathway of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and NADPH generation. Feto/placental weight ratios and Apgar scores were also calculated. Placentas from pregnancies complicated by mild toxemia showed a significantly reduced proportion of dry matter, total DNA and PC. No significant changes in lipid content or enzyme activity were detected. The infants had normal birth weight and high Apgar scores. Placentas from pregnancies associated with severe pre‐eclamptic toxemia and IGR of non‐toxemic origin showed profound metabolic changes, not necessarily of the same nature. In placentas from severe toxemia, in addition to a decreased dry matter, DNA and PC, a significant increase in intracellular and whole placenta TG and P‐PL concentrations was observed as well as a decrease in CL/TG and CL/PL ratios. Concomitantly, the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK)—which regulates the energy generating glycolytic pathway at the cellular and whole placental levels—was decreased. The activity of enzymes that are connected with gluconeogenic and NADPH generating pathways, was also reduced when calculated per whole organ weight. These placental metabolic changes were accompanied by a significant reduction in placental and baby body weights and by decreased newborn Apgar scores. In contrast, in placentas from IGR pregnancies of non‐toxemic origin, the intracellular TG and PL contents were unchanged and whole placental concentrations were also decreased, despite a reduced DNA and whole placental PC. The CL/TG and CL/PL ratios also remained unchanged. PK activity proved significantly elevated at the cellular level and showed no changes when calculated per total placental weight. The same pattern was seen in the activity of enzymes related to NADPH generation whereas the activity of gluconeogenic enzymes was significantly decreased when calculated per whole placenta. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that IGR in severe toxemia may be closely connected with acceleration of the aging processes of placental tissue. On the other hand, in cases of IGR of non‐toxemic origin, the metabolic compensation at the cellular level in the small placenta facilitates adequate support for fetal growth. It therefore seems unlikely that in this group the IGR is of placental origin.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE VULVA","authors":"Torbjørn Iversen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00040.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00040.x","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 154 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva stages II, III and IV treated with radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenoectomy, of whom 72 also underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy, have been followed‐up for 3–21 years. Metastases from unilateral tumors were found in the lymph nodes on the same side. No other significant relationship between the localization of the primary tumor and lymph node metastases was found. Pelvic lymphadenectomy seemed not to influence the prognosis.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLEAVAGE RATE AND MORPHOLOGY OF EARLY HUMAN EMBRYOS OBTAINED AFTER ARTIFICIAL FERTILIZATION AND CULTURE","authors":"Per Sundström, Ove Nilsson, Percy Liedholm","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00020.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00020.x","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian follicles were aspirated at midcycle from 193 women admitted to the hospital because of infertility or for legal sterilization. Eighteen women had not received prior hormone stimulation and 175 had been stimulated either with Clomiphene citrate and hCG or with hCG alone.Preovulatory oocytes could not be obtained from any of the women in the non‐stimulated group, but were obtained from 86 (49%) in the stimulated group. Of these 86, oocytes from 63 women were cultured successfully and from 47 (75%) cleavage occurred. The most advanced stages observed were about 10‐cell embryos, but no attempts were made to culture them further. Almost all the oocytes which cleaved were obtained from women in whom the progesterone level started to rise from the basal level within 24 hours of the operation.Eight cleaved oocytes were taken for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Early cleavage stages showed spheroidal mitochondria with a few peripheral cristae, while the number of elongated mitochondria with transverse cristae increased in later stages. Mitochondria—vesicle complexes, consisting of a vesicle filled with a dense substance and surrounded by 5–15 mitochondria, were observed in early (but not in more advanced) embryos. The complex is probably part of a transport system from the nucleus to the mitochondria. In the later stages, a type of granulated vesicle appeared. Thus, some changes occurred in tact with the degree of development, while no differences could be seen between oocytes with differing cleavage rates.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTROGEN REGIMEN OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA","authors":"A. Öbrink, G. Bunne, J. Collén, B. Tjernberg","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00036.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00036.x","url":null,"abstract":"In order to detect a possible association between exogenous estrogens and endometrial cancer under Swedish circumstances, the previous use of estrogens among 622 cases of endometrial cancer 1974–77 has been compared with that of the average female population, represented by a randomly selected sample of 1 866 contemporaries to the cancer cases.Among women aged 50–69 years, 6–36 months of use of ‘natural’ and/or to a much lesser extent ‘synthetic’ estrogens was equally common in the two groups. However, starting in 1976, 3–6 years of use became increasingly more common among cancer cases. Taking 1974–77 together, cancer cases had been on such a long‐term regimen more than 5 times as commonly as controls. Additional progestagen treatment was equally rare in the two groups. Tumors of estrogen users were of a significantly lower grade than those of non‐users of the same age.While it cannot be concluded at this stage that estrogens are cocarcinogenic, the evident possibility motivates a somewhat cautious, restrictive approach to prescription. Progestagens could be added sequentially, though it is not yet verified that they abolish the association between endometrial cancer and estrogens that is now recognized by many investigators.","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF INSTRUMENTAL DELIVERY ON THE FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF RETINAL HEMORRHAGES IN THE NEWBORN","authors":"K. Egge, G. Lyng, J. M. Maltau","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00028.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.1981.tb00028.x","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency and severity of retinal hemorrhages were studied in 200 newborns within the first 72 hours of life. One hundred of the neonates were delivered instrumentally by either forceps (49 cases) or vacuum extraction (51 cases). Another hundred neonates were delivered spontaneously and served as controls. Both the highest and the lowest frequency of retinal hemorrhages were found among the babies delivered by instrumentation. The actual values were 50 per cent in the vacuum group and only 16 per cent in the forceps group (p&lt;0.01). The spontaneously delivered babies, who served as controls, showed retinal hemorrhages in 41 per cent of the cases. The frequency of severe retinal hemorrhages was <jats:italic>five</jats:italic> times higher in the vacuum group compared to both the forceps group and the control group (p&lt;0.01, p&lt;0.001).","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"410 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvascular flow imaging of fibroids: A prospective pilot study","authors":"Marissa Frijlingh,&nbsp;Barbara Stoelinga,&nbsp;Robert A. de Leeuw,&nbsp;Wouter J. K. Hehenkamp,&nbsp;Jos W. R. Twisk,&nbsp;Thierry van den Bosch,&nbsp;Lynda J. M. Juffermans,&nbsp;Judith A. F. Huirne","doi":"10.1111/aogs.14914","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aogs.14914","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Imaging fibroid vascularity may predict fibroid growth and aid to determine most appropriate therapy. Microvascular (MV) flow imaging is relatively new and is able to detect slow flow in small vessels. Data on feasibility, reproducibility, and reliability of MV-flow imaging in fibroids is lacking. The purpose of our study was to determine the reproducibility of MV-flow imaging and to explore this technique for clinical practice for assessing blood flow in fibroids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty patients with one or multiple fibroids (diameter 1.5–12.0 cm) were prospectively included. Transvaginal ultrasound scanning was performed in B-mode, 2D MV-Flow™, 2D and 3D power Doppler mode (HERA W10, Samsung) by two experienced gynecologists at a tertiary care clinic from February to December 2021. The primary outcome was intra- and interobserver agreement of the vascular index (VI) and color score (CS). The following parameters: ‘2D MV-flow VI’, ‘3DPD VI’, ‘2D MV-flow CS’ and ‘2DPD CS’ were measured offline in the center, pseudocapsule, and entire fibroid. Secondary offline outcomes for exploring 2D MV-flow for clinical practice, included (1) ability to discern vascular structures, (2) assessing the degree of vascularity via CS and calculating a VI, and (3) determining penetration depth of the ultrasound signal in both power Doppler and MV-flow imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All scans of the 30 included patients were of sufficient quality to analyze. Inter- and intra-observer correlations of all studied parameters were good to excellent, both for 2D MV-flow and 2D power Doppler (intercorrelation coefficient 0.992–0.996). Using 2D MV-flow different vascular structures were visible in detail, in contrary to using 2D and 3D power Doppler. In significantly more fibroids central flow could be visualized using 2D MV-flow (63%) than with 2D power Doppler (13%, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Finally, penetration of the ultrasound signal was deeper using 2D MV-flow (3.92 cm) than with 2D power Doppler (2.95 cm, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using 2D MV-flow imaging for determining vascularity is highly reproducible. It has potential added value for clinical practice as it depicts detailed vascular structures and the degree of vascularity, especially in the center of the fibroid.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6990,"journal":{"name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica","volume":"103 11","pages":"2193-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aogs.14914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}