Acta Naturae最新文献_第2页

Microglia and Astrocytes in the Lateral Vestibular Nuclei of Mice after Vestibular Stimulation. 前庭刺激后小鼠前庭外侧核中的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27673

I B Mikheeva, N S Zhuikova, D A Fedorov, O Yu Antonova, L L Pavlik, V I Arkhipov

{"title":"Microglia and Astrocytes in the Lateral Vestibular Nuclei of Mice after Vestibular Stimulation.","authors":"I B Mikheeva, N S Zhuikova, D A Fedorov, O Yu Antonova, L L Pavlik, V I Arkhipov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.27673","url":null,"abstract":"BALB/C mice were subjected to vestibular loading (rotation in individual containers at a speed of 80 rpm) for 8 h. As a result of this loading, the animals exhibited a decrease in horizontal and vertical locomotor activity, which returned to the control levels after 5 days. An immunohistochemical study of mi croglia and astrocytes in the lateral vestibular nuclei (LVN) revealed elevated levels of protein markers for astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Aif1) one hour and 5 days after the stimulation. These changes were indic ative of a gradual development of neuroinflammation in the LVN, which lasted for at least 5 days. Microglia, which appeared in branched shape in control animals, acquired an amoeboid reactive shape after vestibu lar loading. Moreover, expression of the genes coding for these proteins remained at the control level one hour after the stimulation and showed a reduction after 5 days. It is assumed that such a decrease helps re solve the neuroinflammation, preventing it from becoming chronic. Neuroinflammation in the acute phase is known to play a protective role and is required for plastic rearrangements of neuronal and glial networks. Transition to the chronic phase results in neuronal damage. The results of this study would allow one to de termine the period when it is reasonable to use anti-inflammatory therapy to mitigate damage. The applied model of vestibular stimulation allows one to solve problems when studying plastic rearrangements in the brain structures of the vestibular system under high-intensity sensory load.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"18 1","pages":"72-78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiral Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids with Pre-column Derivatization by o-Phthalaldehyde: Improving the Determination of Enantiomers Using Ion-Pair Reagents. 邻苯二醛柱前衍生的氨基酸手性色谱分析：改进离子对试剂对映体的测定。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27703

N V Panin, I V Pirogov, D T Guranda, V K Švedas

{"title":"Chiral Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids with Pre-column Derivatization by o-Phthalaldehyde: Improving the Determination of Enantiomers Using Ion-Pair Reagents.","authors":"N V Panin, I V Pirogov, D T Guranda, V K Švedas","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27703","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27703","url":null,"abstract":"The development of effective and accessible methods for the chiral analysis of amino acids is an important scientific and practical necessity. One of the most common and convenient techniques is the chromatographic determination of individual enantiomers of amino acids with preliminary conversion of enantiomers into diastereomers, which can then be separated on conventional achiral columns. We have shown that by adding ion-pair reagents to the eluent and varying their structure, one can regulate the efficiency of a chiral amino acid analysis based on the chromatographic determination and resolution of the diastereomeric isoindoles obtained upon pre-column derivatization of amino acids by o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The use of ion-pair reagents allows one to achieve a better resolution of diastereomeric isoindole peaks, while the analysis time can be reduced by increasing the ionic strength. Hence, adding ionpair reagents and optimizing the mobile phase composition are useful approaches in the engineering of an amino acid chiral analysis, along with the synthesis of new chiral SH compounds and the choice of stationary phases.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Preterm Infants. 极早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制中的肠道微生物群和短链脂肪酸。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27623

E N Kukaev, A O Tokareva, O A Krogh-Jensen, A A Lenyushkina, N L Starodubtseva

{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Pathogenesis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Preterm Infants.","authors":"E N Kukaev, A O Tokareva, O A Krogh-Jensen, A A Lenyushkina, N L Starodubtseva","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27623","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27623","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a symbiotic gut ecosystem is a crucial step in postnatal adaptation. The gut microbiome of very preterm infants is characterized by an overall instability, reduced microbial diversity, and a predominance of Gram-negative Proteobacteria, all factors associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the key bacterial metabolites that are essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, supporting immune development, enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, and reducing inflammation. This review examines the role of gut microbiota and SCFAs in neonatal NEC, with a focus on potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Clinical studies have consistently demonstrated a significant decrease in total SCFA levels and individual bacterial metabolites in preterm infants with NEC. This finding has been corroborated by various experimental models. Clarification of the role of SCFAs in NEC pathogenesis, determination of their diagnostic utility, and assessment of the feasibility of developing comprehensive pro- and postbiotic formulations require multi-center, multi-omics investigations that include a large cohort of very preterm infants.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"38-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole-Genome Sequencing Uncovers Metabolic and Immune System Variations in Propionibacterium freudenreichii Isolates. 全基因组测序揭示了弗氏丙酸杆菌分离株的代谢和免疫系统变化。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27764

I D Antipenko, S A Venedyukhina, N P Sorokina, I V Kucherenko, T S Smirnova, G N Rogov, M Yu Shkurnikov

{"title":"Whole-Genome Sequencing Uncovers Metabolic and Immune System Variations in Propionibacterium freudenreichii Isolates.","authors":"I D Antipenko, S A Venedyukhina, N P Sorokina, I V Kucherenko, T S Smirnova, G N Rogov, M Yu Shkurnikov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27764","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27764","url":null,"abstract":"Propionibacterium freudenreichii plays a crucial role in the production of Swiss-type cheeses; however, genomic variability among strains, which affects their technological traits, remains insufficiently explored. In this study, whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis were performed on five industrial P. freudenreichii strains. Despite their overall high genomic similarity, the strains proved different in gas production and substrate metabolism. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between strain FNCPS 828 and P. freudenreichii subsp. shermanii (z-score = 0.99948), with the latter being unable to reduce nitrates but being able to metabolize lactose. The narG gene encoding the nitrate reductase alpha subunit was detected in only one of the five analyzed strains - FNCPS 828 - and in 39% of previously described P. freudenreichii genomes, suggesting its potential as a marker of nitrate-reducing capability. Analysis of 112 genomes showed that the I-G CRISPR-Cas system was present in more than 90% of the strains, whereas the type I-E system was found in approximately 25%. All the five study strains harbored the type I-G system; strain FNCPS 3 additionally contained a complete type I-E system with the highest number of CRISPR spacers, some of which matched previously published bacteriophage sequences. The most prevalent anti-phage defense systems included RM I, RM IV, AbiE, PD-T4-6, HEC-06, and ietAS. These findings highlight the genetic diversity of P. freudenreichii strains, which is of great importance in their industrial applications. The identification of narG as a potential marker of nitrate-reducing activity, along with detailed mapping of CRISPR- Cas systems, boosts opportunities for the rational selection and engineering of starter cultures with tailored metabolic properties and increased resistance to bacteriophages.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"72-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive Characterization of Five Lactococcus Strains: From Phenotypic Traits to Genomic Features. 五种乳球菌菌株的综合鉴定：从表型性状到基因组特征。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27747

I D Antipenko, N P Sorokina, I V Kucherenko, E V Kuraeva, E S Masezhnaya, M Yu Shkurnikov

{"title":"Comprehensive Characterization of Five Lactococcus Strains: From Phenotypic Traits to Genomic Features.","authors":"I D Antipenko, N P Sorokina, I V Kucherenko, E V Kuraeva, E S Masezhnaya, M Yu Shkurnikov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27747","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27747","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of dairy product fermentation directly depends on the properties of the lactic acid bacteria used, particularly on their metabolic activity and resistance to bacteriophages. Therefore, an understanding of the relationships between the genetic and phenotypic traits of industrial strains is of elevated importance. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed five Lactococcus strains widely used in the Russian dairy industry, combining whole-genome sequencing with phenotypic profiling. Despite the fact of genetic similarity among four of the L. lactis strains, we still identified significant differences in their metabolic activity. Comparative structural analysis of previously published genomes of 337 L. lactis and 147 L. cremoris strains revealed species-specific features of the lactose metabolism; in particular, the absence of the lacZ gene in L. cremoris. Notably, prophages were found in three of the studied strains, which was in correlation with their reduced acidification activity. L. lactis FNCPS 51n and 73n strains displayed resistance to all 50 tested bacteriophages, which may be associated with the presence of the AbiB abortive infection system. These findings underscore the importance of integrating genomic and phenotypic analyses when selecting efficient and phage-resistant Lactococcus starters in the dairy industry.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of EPFL Peptides in Plant Development and Stress Responses. EPFL肽在植物发育和逆境响应中的作用。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27675

A D Maiboroda, A A Makeeva, R A Azarkina, A S Barashkova, A S Mamaeva

引用次数: 0

Dimephosphon Radioprotective Properties on the Model of Radiation Injury In Vivo. 二甲膦对体内辐射损伤模型的辐射防护性能。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27662

D A Kiseleva, M A Melchenko, O I Yarovaya, N V Basov, A D Rogachev, A G Pokrovsky, N F Salakhutdinov, T G Tolstikova

{"title":"Dimephosphon Radioprotective Properties on the Model of Radiation Injury In Vivo.","authors":"D A Kiseleva, M A Melchenko, O I Yarovaya, N V Basov, A D Rogachev, A G Pokrovsky, N F Salakhutdinov, T G Tolstikova","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27662","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27662","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation therapy is a commonly used cancer treatment modality. However, its application is limited because of its toxicity to healthy tissue. The search for effective radioprotective agents remains one of the key goals of radiation oncology and radiobiology. This study focuses on experimental modeling of radiation injury in animals and the investigation of Dimephosphon radioprotective properties, a drug exhibiting anti-acidotic, antitumor, and antioxidant activities. It was shown that 14-day administration of the drug at a dose of 750 mg/kg after single-dose (5 Gy) irradiation of CD-1 mice resulted in a local radioprotective effect, reducing the severity of the radiation-induced injury to the intestinal epithelium and splenic capsule. The results of metabolomic screening revealed that the levels of the key metabolites responsible for antioxidant properties such as alpha-tocopherol, nicotinamide riboside, N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate, and adenylosuccinate were significantly increased, indicating that the Dimephosphon drug provides enhanced antioxidant protection.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitophagy in Age-Dependent Neurodegeneration. 年龄依赖性神经退行性变中的线粒体自噬。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27674

V S Sukhorukov, A V Egorova, A S Romanenko, M S Ryabova, A P Krasilnikova

引用次数: 0

mRNA-Based Personalized Cancer Vaccines: Opportunities, Challenges and Outcomes. 基于mrna的个性化癌症疫苗：机遇、挑战和结果

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27707

A A Ibragimova, A A Fedorov, K M Kirilenko, E L Choynzonov, E V Denisov, M R Patysheva

引用次数: 0

The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments in the Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. 肽药物Semax及其衍生物在阿尔茨海默病动物模型中纠正病理损伤的潜力。

IF 2 4区生物学

Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27808

A I Radchenko, E V Kuzubova, A A Apostol, V A Mitkevich, L A Andreeva, S A Limborska, Yu V Stepenko, V S Shmigerova, A V Solin, M V Korokin, M V Pokrovskii, N F Myasoedov, A A Makarov

{"title":"The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments in the Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"A I Radchenko, E V Kuzubova, A A Apostol, V A Mitkevich, L A Andreeva, S A Limborska, Yu V Stepenko, V S Shmigerova, A V Solin, M V Korokin, M V Pokrovskii, N F Myasoedov, A A Makarov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.27808","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.27808","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease, first described over a century ago, is currently among the most common neurodegenerative diseases whose significance is increasingly growing with the aging of populations. Throughout the entire period of its study, no remedies have been found that would be effective in treating - or at least significantly slowing - the pathological process, while being sufficiently safe. In this regard, significant attention is paid to the development and application of natural peptide drugs lacking side effects. The present study assessed the effect of the known neuroprotective peptide Semax and its derivative on the behavioral characteristics and development of amyloidosis in transgenic APPswe/PS1dE9/Blg mice acting as a model of Alzheimer's disease. The open field, novel object recognition, and Barnes maze tests demonstrated that both Semax and its derivative improved cognitive functions in mice. Histological examination showed that these peptides reduced the number of amyloid inclusions in the cortex and hippocampus of the animals' brains. These findings demonstrate the high potential of Semax and its derivatives when used to develop therapeutic and corrective strategies for Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"17 4","pages":"110-120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0