Acta Cytologica最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology and a Proposed Algorithm for Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Salivary Gland Lesions.","authors":"Norihide Mochizuki, Hirotaka Fujita, Takuma Tajiri, Masataka Ueda, Makiko Kurata, Chie Inomoto, Tomoko Sugiyama, Daisuke Maki, Shuichi Shiraishi, Tomohisa Machida, Hitoshi Ito, Yohei Masugi, Naoya Nakamura","doi":"10.1159/000546005","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We evaluated concordance between Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC)-based categorization of salivary gland masses/lesions screened by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and final histopathologic diagnoses, aiming to identify factors predictive of concordance, with the goal of appropriate case management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was retrospective and involved 101 cases of salivary mass/lesion examined by FNAC. We compared MSRSGC categories against the final histopathologic classes (non-neoplasm, benign neoplasm, or malignant neoplasm) and calculated diagnostic concordance in each class. Concordance was defined as: MSRSGC categorization of a lesion as a category II lesion and a histopathologic classification as a non-neoplasm; MSRSGC categorization of a lesion as a category IV-A lesion and a histopathologic classification as a benign neoplasm; or MSRSGC categorization of a lesion as a category V or VI lesion and a histopathologic classification as a malignant neoplasm. We then compared clinicopathologic factors between concordant and discordant cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diagnostic concordance for non-neoplasms, benign neoplasms, malignant neoplasms, and total cases was 81.8% (9/11), 81.7% (58/71), 66.6% (8/12), and 79.8% (75/94), respectively, with no significant between-class difference. We found the shortest distance from the body surface to the salivary lesion differed significantly between the concordant group and the discordant group (5.35 mm vs. 7.30 mm), and the optimal cutoff was determined to be 8.00 mm (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the distance of either <8 mm or ≥8 mm from the body surface to the mass/lesion, we believe our proposed FNAC algorithm of treatment strategies is a reliable guide for otolaryngologists on evaluating salivary gland lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic Tumors in the Kidney: A Trifocal Review - Integrated Pathological, Cytopathological, and Molecular Perspectives (Part 1).","authors":"Alessia Cimadamore, Carmine Franzese, José A Jiménez Heffernan, Rodolfo Montironi, Jung Woo Kwon, Giuseppe Gasparre, Gladell P Paner","doi":"10.1159/000545812","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We review the pathological, cytopathological, and molecular features centered on renal oncocytoma and its differential diagnosis. The recent expansion of entities under the category of renal tumors with oncocytic or eosinophilic cytoplasm has important implications on how cytologic diagnosis is clinically considered.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this first of two parts, we discussed the pathological spectrum of oncocytic or eosinophilic tumors of the kidney that includes oncocytoma; chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) - including its eosinophilic variant (eosinophilic ChRCC); hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumors, either sporadic or syndromic; oncocytic papillary RCC, acquired cystic disease-associated RCC; succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient RCC; and eosinophilic solid and cystic (ESC) RCC. We describe the histomorphological and immunohistochemical features of these tumors, including the newly accepted entities, and focus on the molecular alterations reported. A practical approach for differential diagnosis and broader correlation to available cytologic findings are provided, with more in-depth cytologic descriptions for oncocytoma and eosinophilic ChRCC included in part 2 of this review. Most of the oncocytic tumors have an indolent behavior, although few aggressive cases have been reported in patients with ESC RCC, eosinophilic vacuolated tumor, and SDH-deficient RCC.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>In this era where surveillance management for low-grade oncocytic renal tumors is considered, precise diagnosis is important as it will have an impact on their subsequent management. Further, accurate diagnosis is important especially in renal tumors associated with hereditary neoplasms for monitoring and genetic counseling for their family members.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Decision-Making and Risk of Malignancy when Parotid Gland Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Indicates a Non-Neoplastic or Non-Diagnostic Finding.","authors":"Mira Naukkarinen, Katri Aro, Jetta Kelppe, Minna Sirviö, Antti Mäkitie, Jussi Tarkkanen, Timo Atula","doi":"10.1159/000545145","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Non-neoplastic and non-diagnostic cytological findings present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in head and neck oncology. Both groups still harbor a risk of malignancy (ROM). Of note, ROM values have been counted from surgically confirmed lesions only. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical course of patients with non-neoplastic or non-diagnostic fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings from a parotid gland lesion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study comprises all 184 consecutive patients who visited the Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS, Helsinki, Finland) and whose first parotid gland FNAC result during 2016-2018 was non-neoplastic or non-diagnostic. The cytology reports were obtained from the HUS Pathological Archives (Q-Pati). Demographics, physical examination findings, and cytopathological and treatment data were reviewed. Two patient groups were formed according to their clinical management: those who had surgery and those who were only followed up. If the parotid gland was operated on, FNAC was compared with histology. If the patient was followed up without surgical treatment, the follow-up data included a review of the patient records supplemented with a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altogether, there were 186 parotid lesions. Seventy-six (40.9%) tumors in 75 patients were operated on, and 110 (59.1%) were only followed up. Of all parotid gland lesions, 12 (6.5%) turned out to be malignant, and all of them were in the surgically treated group. When only followed up clinically, with repeated needle sampling or imaging during the minimum 4-year follow-up period, none of the other lesions turned out to be malignant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ROM for non-diagnostic and non-neoplastic FNAC samples is lower when all FNAC samples, including also those from nonsurgically treated patients, are included in comparison with the series that includes only surgically treated patients with histopathological confirmation. Our results suggest that this patient group can be followed up conservatively in the absence of abnormal symptoms or radiological findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic Adrenal Tumors: A Tri-Focal Review with Integrated Cytopathological, Pathological, and Molecular Perspectives.","authors":"Vincenzo Condello, Massimo Bongiovanni, C Christofer Juhlin","doi":"10.1159/000545715","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oncocytic lesions of the adrenal gland pose several diagnostic challenges as they can be associated with both functional and non-functional adrenal disorders and may be either benign or malignant.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Oncocytic tumors are predominantly (>90%) composed of oncocytic cells, characterized by bulky, eosinophilic cytoplasm due to an abundance of mitochondria. Notably, the conventional histopathological criteria for diagnosing adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC), such as the Weiss criteria, are not recommended for oncocytic tumors, and separate classification algorithms have been proposed for this entity. In addition to their unique cytopathology and histopathology, oncocytic adrenal cortical neoplasms share many driver gene alterations with conventional adrenal tumors, albeit at lower frequencies. However, these tumors also exhibit some distinct genetic changes, particularly deletions of mitochondrial DNA, which are consistent with patterns seen in oncocytic lesions of other endocrine organs. Interestingly, the presence of oncocytic features may correlate with prognosis in ACCs, making this morphological distinction clinically significant. Some studies suggest that oncocytic features could be linked to either a more favorable or unfavorable outcome, depending on other molecular markers. This highlights the importance of accurate diagnostic work-up for these lesions and underscores the critical role of endocrine pathologists in their management. While cytology is not part of the routine work-up for primary adrenal tumors, fine-needle aspiration cytology may still be useful in distinguishing primary adrenal tumors from metastases.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review examines the histological and molecular characteristics of oncocytic adrenal cortical lesions, highlighting their clinically relevant differences from conventional adrenal tumors. It clarifies the limited role of cytology in diagnosing primary adrenal tumors while recognizing its usefulness in distinguishing adrenal metastases. Finally, it underscores the need for a tailored diagnostic approach to effectively manage this complex entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic Tumors in the Familial and Syndromic Contexts: A Tri-Focal Review - Integrated Cytopathological, Pathological, and Molecular Perspectives.","authors":"Maria Cristina Riascos, Vania Nosé","doi":"10.1159/000545321","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Familial neoplastic syndromes are distinguished by the presence of specific neoplasms which serve as critical indicators for their suspicion and diagnosis. Among these, only a limited subset includes tumors with distinctive oncocytic features, highlights the necessity for pathologists and clinicians to pursue further investigation in affected patients and their families.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Advances in genetic research and diagnostic pathology have highlighted the germline predispositions underlying these tumors, which manifest across multiple organ systems, including thyroid, parathyroid, renal, and adrenal glands. This review examines the clinical, pathological, and molecular features of oncocytic neoplasms in the context of hereditary syndromes such as Carney complex, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, DICER1 syndrome, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome, tuberous sclerosis syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, and SDH-deficient hereditary paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma syndrome. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing syndromic associations through histopathological clues, genetic testing, and family history to facilitate accurate diagnosis and tailored management.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>By integrating clinical insights with molecular data, this paper sheds light on the mechanisms driving oncocytic transformation and underscores the role of pathologists in identifying hereditary cancer syndromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Diagnostic Accuracy of Indeterminate Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Using Results of Ultrasound Examination, Cyclin D1 Immunostaining, and Molecular Testing.","authors":"Shurong He, Jingxin Zhang, Mengge Wang, Feiliang Wang, Kan Gao, Rongming Chen, Songtao Hu, Jing Di, Dongge Liu, Mulan Jin","doi":"10.1159/000545319","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545319","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is the standard procedure and routine method for diagnosing thyroid nodules. However, indeterminate cytological results diagnoses present considerable challenges in clinical management. This study aimed to evaluate cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry and the Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data system (C-TIRADS) score, individually and in combination with a simple gene test for cytological diagnosis of Bethesda category III-Ⅴ.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A consecutive cohort of 177 thyroid FNA specimens with indeterminate diagnosis and available histopathologic follow-up data was collected. The samples were evaluated by cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry and molecular testing for the BRAFV600E mutation or a small panel of markers (BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, and TERT). Two experienced sonographers independently reviewed original sonographic images of each nodule and used C-TIRADS to classify the images, obtaining a consensus C-TIRADS score. Identification of the optimal cut-off points of cyclin D1 and C-TIRADS score for the diagnosis of malignancy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the assessment of the area under the ROC curve (AUC). The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of all tests were evaluated with crosstabs. Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the three tests individually and in combination.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We enrolled 169 patients (177 thyroid nodules), including 140 malignancies, 15 low-risk neoplasms, and 22 benign lesions. All 177 specimens from the nodules were tested for BRAF V600E, while only 21 specimens adopted the 5-gene detection protocol. With cut-off values set at 10% for cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry and at a C-TIRADS score of 3, along with defining a positive diagnosis as the presence of a mutation in genetic testing, the PPVs for diagnosing thyroid malignancy using the three tests were 97.8%, 90.3%, and 98%, respectively; however, the NPVs were 50%, 24.2%, and 26.3%, respectively. The sensitivities were 87.7%, 83.9%, and 63.9%, and the specificities were 86.4%, 36.4% and 90.9%, respectively. Regarding AUC, cyclin D1 alone demonstrated greater diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.921, 95% CI = 0.857-0.985, p = 0.000) compared with the other two methods, which had AUC values of 0.775 (95% CI = 0.703-0.846, p = 0.000) and 0.587 (95% CI = 0.443-0.731, p = 0.235). The combination of two or three tests yielded higher accuracy (AUC = 0.929, 95% CI = 0.873-0.985, p = 0.000; AUC = 0.925, 95% CI = 0.860-0.989, p = 0.000; AUC = 0.937, 95% CI = 0.889-0.985, p = 0.000) compared with cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry alone (AUC = 0.921, 95% CI = 0.857-0.985, p = 0.000).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The addition of cyclin D1 immunocytochemistry or a simple gene panel test, either alone or in combination, signi","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic Tumors in the Salivary Gland: Cytopathological, Pathological, and Molecular Features.","authors":"Alena Skálová, Martina Bradová, Arnaud Da Cruz Paula, William C Faquin","doi":"10.1159/000544802","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary oncocytic salivary gland tumors and oncocytic subtypes of traditionally non-oncocytic salivary gland neoplasms are occasionally encountered in fine needle aspiration specimens, biopsies, and resections. Oncocytes are cells, either non-neoplastic or neoplastic, containing increased numbers of mitochondria resulting in cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and a low N/C ratio.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>A broad range of salivary gland tumors can be oncocytic including oncocytoma, Warthin tumor, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, and others, especially those tumors where the oncocytic pattern represents a subtype of neoplasm; the oncocytic pattern can create a diagnostic challenge due to marked similarities in the oncocytic pattern of cells.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>While their microscopic cytologic and histologic features may be similar, these tumors differ intrinsically at the molecular level. Ancillary studies such as immunologic (e.g., androgen receptor for salivary duct carcinoma) and molecular analysis, e.g., FISH for detecting the MAML2 or PLAG1/HMGA2 gene alterations in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma, respectively, can be used to classify these oncocytic tumors in difficult cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Diagnostic Utility of Squash, Scrape, and Imprint cytology in Intraoperative Diagnosis of Ovarian Tumours.","authors":"Gajendra Kumar Yadav, Ravi H Phulware, Ashok Singh, Arvind Kumar, Prashant Durgapal, Nilotpal Chowdhury, Shalinee Rao, Shalini Rajaram, Sanjeev Kishore, Rajlaxmi Mundhara","doi":"10.1159/000545110","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intraoperative cytology in ovarian tumours involves collecting cell samples from the ovarian sample sent during surgery and quickly examining them for diagnostic information. Frozen section provides rapid diagnosis to guide intraoperative patient management. The indications of frozen section are identification of tissue, evaluation of margins, and identification of lymph nodes metastasis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Intraoperative tissue from clinico-radiologically suspected ovarian tumour for frozen section taken and processed in Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Squash smear, scrape smear, and imprint smear were made. Three stains rapid May-Grünwald Giemsa, rapid papanicolaou (Pap), and rapid hematoxylin and eosin with expected turnaround time of <15 min were done. Intraoperative cytological smear (squash, scrape, and imprint smear) were correlated with frozen section and histopathology slide. Final assessment of intraoperative cytological smears for diagnostic accuracy was done using statistical study. The aim of this study was to evaluate comparative diagnostic utility of squash smear, scrape smear, and imprint cytology with frozen section in intraoperative ovarian tumour is the aim of study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for frozen and cytology were: sensitivity of frozen section, squash cytology, and scrape cytology was 91.67% in all three, whereas sensitivity of imprint was 87.5%. Specificity of frozen section, imprint cytology, squash cytology, and scrape cytology was 96.77%, 93.55%, 90.32%, and 90.32%, respectively, and accuracy was 94.55%, 90.91%, 90.91%, and 90.91%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Imprint, squash, and scrape cytology have similar sensitivity and specificity compared to frozen section in identifying the nature of lesion and can be an alternative to frozen section in resource stricken setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Papillomavirus Primary Screening and Collaboration in Quality Assurance Work between Laboratories.","authors":"Henrik Edvardsson, Joakim Dillner","doi":"10.1159/000544988","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical screening is changing to the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing as the primary screening test. It is essential that the well-established and critically important systems for quality assurance based on laboratory audits of seemingly negative samples taken before HSIL and cervical cancer are maintained. They provide a means of verifying if the actual screening is effective for the intended purpose. Together with international proficiency panels, audits provide a simple and unambiguous way to evaluate if the screening is adequate. Detailed knowledge of how these systems work and how they are dependent on the genotyping of HPV, biobanking, and screening registries is vital to cytologists and pathologists involved in quality assurance work and follow-up of cervical lesions and cervical cancer. Interpretation and communication of outcome and results are equally important for successful quality assurance work and should ideally be done together with expertise in HPV.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The internationally defined procedures for laboratory audit, similar to those used for cytology, require sensitivities before HSIL of >95% and before invasive cervical cancer of >90%. If also results on blinded proficiency panels and international criteria for analytic sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility are achieved, the HPV screening test can be said to be adequate.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Performance of HPV screening tests in a cervical screening program includes similar laboratory audits as hitherto used for cytology. Similarly, technical proficiency of a laboratory is established using blinded proficiency panels with defined contents of virus. Detailed knowledge of quality assurance work is necessary for cytologists and pathologists. Communication of outcome and results depends on collaboration between laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncocytic Tumors in the Thyroid: A Tri-Focal Review - Integrated Cytopathological, Pathological, and Molecular Perspectives.","authors":"Maria A Gubbiotti, Sule Canberk, Zubair W Baloch","doi":"10.1159/000544739","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The thyroid gland is a treasure trove of pathology ranging from the benign to the overtly malignant. Both neoplastic and nonneoplastic thyroid lesions can exhibit oncocytic change. Here we present an overview of cytologic and histopathologic findings encountered in these oncocytic neoplasms with a focus on the molecular aspects that drive their tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Oncocytic change is unique to a subset of thyroid lesions ranging from nonneoplastic nodular hyperplasia to high-grade malignancy. It can also be encountered in non-follicular-derived neoplasms as well as in the adjacent parathyroid glands. At the genetic level, these lesions demonstrate a different genetic signature from classic follicular-derived lesions, often involving alterations of mitochondrial genes.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Oncocytic change can be seen in nonneoplastic and neoplastic thyroid pathology. Rarely, oncocytic change can be seen in medullary thyroid carcinoma and certain subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma as well as the parathyroid gland. Oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid harbor molecular alterations often involving mitochondrial genes, which is distinct from other thyroid neoplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":6959,"journal":{"name":"Acta Cytologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}