Acta Parasitologica最新文献

{"title":"A new dactylogyrid from Myloplus asterias.","authors":"Germán Augusto Murrieta Morey, Jennifer Anais Sarmiento, Enrique Rios Isern, Jefferson Yunis Aguinaga","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01057-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01057-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To deepen the knowledge of monogenoids associated with Amazonian fish, studies focused on description, identification and analysis are sought. In this way, the data on the parasitic fauna focused on this group of parasites can be kept up to date. Based on the above, the main objective of this research was to identify new species of monogenoids in the gills of M. asterias acquired in the Santa Clara Market, located in the lower area of Nanay, Loreto-Peru.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty specimens of M. asterias were acquired in the \"Santa Clara\" Market, in the city of Iquitos, Loreto-Peru. According to fishermen, specimens were captured in the Nanay River. Samples were collected between August 2024 and February 2025 and analyzed in the \"Laboratorio de Parasitología y Sanidad Acuícola\" from \"Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana\" (IIAP) in Iquitos, Loreto-Peru.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A new species of Monogenoidea was discovered parasitizing the gills of M. asterias. Anacanthorus santaclarae n. sp. is characterized by presenting a MCO as a straight grooved tube with a flared base, presenting a thin elongated expansion with a curved claw-shaped termination in its distal part; a long accessory piece, not articulated with the MCO base, presented as a rod in the form of a can opener.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first data on the parasites of M. asterias. Anacanthorus santaclarae n. sp. is the eighth documented species of the genus in Peru.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Exploration of Paper-based ELISA with Recombinant Thioredoxin Peroxidase-1 for Detection of Human Schistosomiasis.","authors":"John Matthew F Gicom, Alonna Leanne L Egaran, Edric John S Follante, Mariah Kaye R Ebora, Christine Marianne G Dapal, Katrina Theresa M Balboa, Klyde Irene M Ligot, Jose Ma M Angeles","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01069-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01069-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study addresses these limitations by evaluating a field-deployable diagnostic alternative, a paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) incorporating recombinant thioredoxin peroxidase-1 (rSjTPx-1).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The study focused on optimizing the antigen concentration and serum dilution parameters to enhance assay performance. Subsequently, the diagnostic utility of the optimized rSjTPx-1 paper-based ELISA was evaluated using archived serum samples from individuals in a schistosomiasis-endemic region of the Philippines. These samples had been previously classified using the conventional rSjTPx-1 ELISA as seronegative (n = 3), seropositive with low optical density (OD) values (n = 3), and seropositive with high OD values (n = 3). Compared to the conventional rSjTPx-1-ELISA, the paper-based format demonstrated a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 100%, and a kappa value of 0.769, indicating substantial agreement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although slightly less sensitive than the conventional rSjTPx-1-ELISA, the paper-based format offers significant advantages in terms of portability, ease of use, and suitability for resource-limited settings. These results suggest that the rSjTPx-1 paper-based ELISA could be an accessible diagnostic tool for S. japonicum in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of NUDIX hydrolase from Leishmania major.","authors":"Mahendra D Jamdhade, Pavan Kumar Mysuru Shivalingappa, Ashwini N Atre, Kiran N Mahale, Milind S Patole, Harsh Pawar","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01065-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01065-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>NUDIX hydrolases represent a universal family of enzymes found across all domains of life that specialize in cleaving diverse organic pyrophosphates. These enzymes share a distinctive and evolutionarily conserved 23-amino acid signature sequence known as the NUDIX box domain. Functionally, NUDIX hydrolases play crucial regulatory roles in cellular metabolism, participating in diverse physiological processes including responses to both abiotic and biotic stressors. The cellular localization and enzymatic function of Nudix Hydrolase in L. major in removal of oxidatively damaged nucleotides was not studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome sequence of Leishmania major, was searched and analyzed for NUDIX motif, it revealed nine proteins had NUDIX box domain. Further bioinformatics analysis was performed to find one or more motifs in addition to Peroxisomal Targeting Sequence (PTS-1). Cellular localization of the LmjF.31.2950 (LmNH) in L. major and the complementation assay was performed using mutT defective Escherichia coli.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine genes with NUDIX box domain were found in L. major genome. One of the gene products, encoded by LmjF.31.2950 (LmNH), had additional motifs like NADH pyrophosphatase zinc ribbon domain and a canonical peroxisomal targeting sequence type-1 (PTS-1). Expression of GFP fusion protein with C-terminally cloned LmNH, in L. major, showed the fusion protein is targeted to microbody organelles as seen by the punctuate fluorescence. Proteomic analysis of purified glycosomes from L. major showed the presence of a single peptide with complete homology to LmNH. Complementation assay in mutT defective Escherichia coli confirmed the 'anti-mutator' function of LmNH. This preliminary report indicates that LmNH may play an important role in the nucleotide metabolism in L. major glycosomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, we have successfully identified and characterized LmjF.31.2950 (LmNH), a novel NUDIX hydrolase in Leishmania major, that functions as a glycosome-targeted NADH pyrophosphatase.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagic Response of the Liver Cells to Schistosoma mansoni Infection and Praziquantel Treatment.","authors":"Samar Habib, Heba Hany, Manal Elzoheiry, Manar S Elmehankar, Suzan H Elgendy, Emadeldeen Hussin, Khaled Elmasry, Wafaa A Aboukamar","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01028-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01028-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The autophagy process is critical for cell survival, homeostasis, and functions. Autophagy deregulation was linked to several liver diseases; however, little is known about autophagy status during schistosomiasis and praziquantel (PZQ) treatment. This study is exploring autophagy status during schistosomiasis and praziquantel treatment in the hepatocytes, macrophages, and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in mice, and linking the variations in these levels to the parasitic parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CD-1 Swiss female albino mice were allocated into three groups: negative control, Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni)-infected, and the third group was S. mansoni-infected and treated with PZQ. Liver sections were stained for autophagy markers (LC3 and P62) by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 weeks post infection, P62 increased in S. mansoni-infected mice in hepatocytes, macrophages, and HSCs compared to negative controls (P = 0.038, P < 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively) and decreased in PZQ-treated group compared to S. mansoni-infected mice in hepatocytes and macrophages only (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). LC3 displayed higher levels in S. mansoni-infected mice compared to negative controls in hepatocytes, macrophages, and HSCs (P = 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively), while in PZQ-treated group, it decreased in macrophages and HSCs compared to S. mansoni-infected mice (P = 0.016, P < 0.001, respectively). Correlations were found between the number of eggs and autophagy status, mostly in HSCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Schistosomiasis inhibits autophagy in hepatocytes, macrophages, and HSCs, while PZQ treatment reverses autophagy levels in hepatocytes and macrophages, but not in HSCs. More research is needed to understand the autophagy behavior in HSCs during different stages of schistosomiasis to promote development of autophagy-based anti-fibrotic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoparasites of Adelophryne nordestina (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae) from the Northern Atlantic Forest of Brazil.","authors":"Cicero Ricardo de Oliveira, Laiana Carla de Moura, Ednilza Maranhão Dos Santos, Igor Joventino Roberto","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01060-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01060-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpouse: </strong>We aimed to investigate the diversity of endoparasites in the anuran Adelophryne nordestina and the influence of morphological characteristics and seasonality on the prevalence and composition of parasites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was carried out in the Professor João Vasconcelos Sobrinho Municipal Natural Park (PNPJV), State of Pernambuco, Brazil, where 85 individuals of A. nordestina were collected from December 2021 to September 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 85 specimens of A. nordestina, 20 were infected with at least one species of endoparasite (overall prevalence: 23.3%). We recorded a total of 53 helminths distributed among three taxa. The lung was the organ with the highest number of parasites (47 individuals, 89%). No correlation was found between the parasites and the body size (SVL) of the hosts (r2 = 0.012; p = 0.561). Regarding the prevalence of infected individuals, parasitism was related to the sex of the hosts (F = 2.656; p = 0.002), with females being more parasitized than males (r2 = 0.013; p = 0.023). As for seasonality, we observed a positive relationship with the rainy season (p = 0.008). We also found that parasite richness was directly influenced by local rainfall in each month of sampling (r2 = 0.861; p = 0.0003); however, we did not observe a relationship between parasite abundance and humidity (r2 = 0.017; p = 0.656) and/or temperature (r2 = 0.028; p = 0.354).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The parasite composition of A. nordestina follows the same pattern as its congeners, with a predominance of nematodes with a monoxenic life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Molecular Detection of the Presence and Prevalence of Trypanosoma theileri in Cattle from Türkiye.","authors":"Omer Faruk Sahin, Ufuk Erol, Husnu Furkan Sakar, Kursat Altay","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01059-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01059-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Trypanosoma theileri is an opportunistic parasite that has worldwide distribution. This parasite has been detected in various hosts including cattle. Normally T. theileri can cause mild infection but it may lead to disease among animals in case of mixed infection or immunosuppression. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the presence, prevalence, and to detect genotypes of T. theileri in cattle from different provinces in Türkiye using molecular techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 517 cattle blood collected from different provinces (Giresun, Samsun, Tokat, Sivas, Çorum, Trabzon, and Kastamonu) of Türkiye. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples using a commercial kit. The obtained gDNAs were screened for the presence of T. theileri using PCR. Partial parts of the CATL gene of randomly selected four positive samples were sequenced to determine the phylogenetic position of T. theileri Türkiye isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCR results showed that 18 out of 517 samples (3.48%) were positive in terms of T. theileri. The highest prevalence of T. theileri was observed in animals over 3 years of age (3.98%), followed by animals in the 1-3-year age group (3.16%). The prevalence of T. theileri was higher in female animals (3.62%) than in male animals (2.91%). The phylogenetic analyses of positive samples showed that T. theileri Türkiye isolates were clustered with the Tth IIB genotype of the T. theileri TthII lineage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the presence and prevalence of T. theileri in cattle were determined by molecular analyses for the first time in Türkiye. Moreover, Tth IIB genotype was also reported in Türkiye with this work. Although T. theileri is not thought to cause serious clinical symptoms in hosts, it should not be overlooked that it can cause significant economic losses in mixed infections with different pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Data on the Occurrence and Genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Wrestling Camels in Türkiye.","authors":"Neslihan Sursal Simsek, Irmak Cakmak, Emrah Simsek","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01061-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01061-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most prevalent microsporidian parasite and has wide host diversity, including animals and humans. However, there are a limited number of studies on the presence, molecular epidemiology, and genotyping of E. bieneusi in camels worldwide. Currently, no data are available on the occurrence, distribution, and genotypes of E. bieneusi in wrestling camels in Türkiye. This study aimed to address the knowledge gap regarding E. bieneusi in wrestling camels in Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a total of 110 fecal samples from camels in various provinces of Türkiye were investigated to reveal the presence of E. bieneusi, and the subsequent zoonotic potential of isolates was assessed at the genotype level by PCR-sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three fecal specimens were detected as E. bieneusi positive, and the overall prevalence was 2.72%. Further sequence analyses revealed a novel genotype hereby named camelEb from wrestling camels in the Aydin (n = 1) and Mugla (n = 2) provinces of Türkiye. In the phylogenetic analyses, the camelEb genotype clustered into group 6 with other genotypes reported from camels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report on the presence of E. bieneusi in wrestling camels, suggesting that camels could also serve as a potential reservoir or carrier for E. bieneusi in Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12129845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Effects of Blue LED Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Fenugreek Seed Extracts on Murine Trichinosis.","authors":"Zeinab R Hassan, Eman M Mahmoud, Yasmeen M Shaaban, Shiamaa Zakaria Elshora, Doaa E A Salama, Ranya M Abdelgalil, Mona T Koullah, Nora Seliem, Marwa H Sedira, Shimaa A Mohamed, Mai Ali Mohammad Etewa, Sara Nagdy Mahmoud Mousa, Ahmed Shaban Abdelmonsef Abdelmaksoud, Shimaa Attia Atta, Marwa Zakaria, Shimaa R Emam, M Hassan, Galal Khamis","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01045-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01045-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trichinosis is a severe parasitic disease with a wide distribution and potential to affect humans. Available chemotherapeutic agents exhibit limited efficacy and are associated with numerous side effects. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts on experimental trichinosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-four mice were divided into seven groups; each further subdivided into intestinal and muscular phases (six mice per subgroup): non-infected non-treated controls, infected non-treated controls, infected albendazole-treated, infected non-irradiated fenugreek extract-treated, infected blue LED irradiated fenugreek extract-treated, infected non-irradiated fenugreek and albendazole-treated, and infected blue LED irradiated fenugreek and albendazole-treated. Mice were sacrificed on the 7th-day post-infection for the intestinal phase and the 40th day for the muscular phase. Small intestine, muscle tissues, and serum samples were collected to assess parasitic load, histopathological changes, TGF-β immunohistochemical expression, serum IFN-γ levels, oxidative stress markers (MDA, nitrate/SOD, and catalase), and BAX gene expression as an apoptotic marker. Metabolomic profiling of extract was pursued to spot differential expression of metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study outcomes demonstrated that blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts combined with albendazole exhibited superior efficacy in reducing adult and larval burdens, improving pathological changes, decreasing IFN-γ levels, mitigating oxidative stress (reduced MDA and nitrate along with elevated SOD and catalase), and downregulating BAX expression. The observed metabolic differences were primarily driven by the upregulation of steroids, downregulation of most alkaloids, and dysregulation various flavonoids in the irradiated extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blue LED irradiated and non-irradiated fenugreek seed extracts can enhance albendazole's activity against trichinosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Trends in the Cysticercosis-Related Disease Burden from 1990 to 2021 and its Predicted Level in 2022-2050 Years.","authors":"Zhang-Zhou Shen, Hou-Qiang Luo","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01058-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01058-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A major worldwide health concern is cysticercosis, a zoonotic parasitic illness brought on by human parasites. This study aims to examine the current worldwide cysticercosis burden in order to serve as a resource for developing successful global control initiatives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five layers of data about cysticercosis were analyzed: gender, age, year, and the regional and national social and economic development index (SDI). The various groups were compared using age-standardized rates, and patterns in the burden of disease were examined and evaluated. Furthermore, from 2022 to 2050, disease patterns were predicted using the ARIMA and ES models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was discovered that compared with 1990, the number of deaths decreased by 362 in 2021, the prevalence number increased by 1,318,963, the DALYs decreased by 151,192, and the age-standardized Mortality rate (ASMR) decreased by 0.02 per 100,000 people (EAPC - 2.39, 95% CI - 2.46 to - 2.32), the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) decreased by 9.14 per 100,000 people (EAPC - 1.84, 95% CI - 1.93 to - 1.75), and the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) decreased by 17.18 per 100,000 people (EAPC - 1.2, 95% CI - 1.3 to - 1.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To sum up, although the prevalence of cysticercosis has dramatically declined globally over the last 30 years, it is still high in many low-SDI nations and regions. Therefore, in order to further optimize prevention and control methods and lower the burden of disease in high-burden regions and countries, it is imperative that international cooperation be strengthened.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12126474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Advancements in Mosquito Repellents: Challenges and Opportunities in Plant-Based Repellents.","authors":"Hemanga Hazarika, Harshita Krishnatreyya","doi":"10.1007/s11686-025-01054-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11686-025-01054-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The worldwide distribution of mosquitoes and their significant role in the transmission of diseases such as malaria, dengue, and chikungunya have resulted in substantial mortality, morbidity, and economic loss. This review aims to explore the challenges and opportunities associated with plant-based mosquito repellents as sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive analysis of recent literature was conducted to investigate the conventional technology available as well as novel techniques utilized to minimize man-mosquito contact and also to assess the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of plant-derived mosquito repellents. Special attention was given to essential oils and their active constituents, as well as current advancements in formulation technologies, stability issues, and standardization practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The utilization of conventional chemical insecticides for controlling mosquitoes has resulted in the development of biological resistance and has detrimental environmental impacts. Consequently, researchers have made significant efforts in recent years to develop sustainable and economical alternatives, with a particular focus on botanical mosquito-repellent compounds. This has led to a marked increase in interest in the use of plant derieved products as mosquito repellents. Limonene, citronellol, eucalyptol, geraniol, eugenol, carvacrol, and citronellal are the primary essential oil components extracted from plants that exhibit mosquito repellent activity. Owing to their complex chemical structures, mosquitoes are unable to develop resistance to these molecules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plant-based mosquito repellents represent a promising and sustainable alternative to synthetic repellents. However, challenges such as variability in composition, lack of standardization, stability issues, and limited mechanistic understanding hinder their widespread adoption. Molecular and cellular mechanistic studies may increase product safety and efficacy by identifying specific targets and detoxification pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":6932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Parasitologica","volume":"70 3","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}