中国医学科学院学报最新文献

{"title":"Progress in Molecular Biological Mechanism of Endometrial Cancer Induced by Obesity.","authors":"Ying Cao, Qian Liu, Dong-Yan Cao","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16722","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is recognized as a major risk factor for endometrial cancer，and its tumor-promoting mechanisms have drawn increasing attention in recent years.Current evidence highlights that obesity drives the initiation and progression of endometrial cancer through three core pathways-elevated estrogen levels，insulin resistance，and chronic inflammation-which form a malignant positive feedback loop.Furthermore，visceral and subcutaneous obesity differentially regulate adipokine secretion and metabolic microenvironments to impact the molecular subtypes，pathological features，and treatment responses of endometrial cancer.This review summarizes recent advances in the molecular mechanisms linking obesity and endometrial cancer，with a focus on adipokines，inflammatory signaling，estrogen metabolism，insulin resistance，and epigenetic regulation.The roles of the adipose-immune-metabolic axis in the initiation and progression of endometrial cancer are expounded.Future research should integrate multi-omics and tumor microenvironment analyses to develop precision therapeutic strategies based on obesity subtypes and epigenetic biomarkers，offering novel insights for clinical management of obesity-related endometrial cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 4","pages":"758-766"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VEXAS Syndrome：Report of One Case.","authors":"Hui-Ting Liu, Jia-Xin Zhou, Ruo-Xi Zhang, Wan-Ting Qi, Xiao-Chun Shi","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16921","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article details the diagnosis and treatment of an elderly male patient with VEXAS syndrome who came with fatigue and fever.The patient thereafter developed several clinical manifestations，including macrocytic anemia，tracheal and bronchial wall thickening，polyarthritis，rashes，and elevated levels of inflammatory markers.The final clue for subsequent genetic testing came from the bone marrow smear，which showed vacuolar degeneration in the cytoplasm of immature granulocytes.The UBA1 gene testing showed the mutation c.121A>C （p.Met41Val），which confirmed the diagnosis of VEXAS syndrome.Following glucocorticoid therapy，the patient's clinical conditions were significantly ameliorated.However，the patient's recurrence of fever and anemia months after discontinuing glucocorticoid medication was consistent with the repeated relapses described in VEXAS syndrome.The whole diagnostic process for the patient suggests that in clinical settings，thorough integration of clinical clues is crucial for making an appropriate diagnosis.To accomplish precision therapy，clinicians must retain an open mind and actively participate in multidisciplinary collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 4","pages":"782-786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Association Between Abnormity of Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate Synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Gene Pathway and Cardiovascular Diseases and the Exercise Regulation：A Review.","authors":"Ming-Hua Chen, Ming-Chen Zhang, Han Yang, Xiao-Wen Wang, Zhong-Guang Sun","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16865","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major factors affecting the life and health of people all over the world.Recent studies have found that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes （cGAS-STING） signaling pathway is significantly activated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension，coronary heart disease，and cardiac hypertrophy.This signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and is closely related to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases.Moreover，studies have shown that the ameliorative effect of exercise on cardiovascular diseases is related to the regulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.This article mainly reviews the research progress regarding the cGAS-STING signaling pathway，the relationship between this pathway and cardiovascular diseases，and exercise regulation of cardiovascular diseases through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.This review aims to expose the pathogeneses of cardiovascular diseases and offer novel therapeutic strategies for clinical treatment and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 4","pages":"738-748"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Core Needs for Family Meetings in Oncology Settings From a Stakeholder Perspective].","authors":"Guan Xin, Yue Peng","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To identify the core demands of three key stakeholder groups-oncology patients,family caregivers,and healthcare professionals-regarding family meetings in oncology wards based on the tripartite framework of stakeholder theory (ST),family systems theory (FST),and timing it right framework (TIR) and delineate the role positioning and functional transition of oncology ward head nurses,thus providing empirical evidence for developing a head nurse-led multidisciplinary team (MDT) family meeting model. Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted.Semi-structured interviews were performed with 31 participants recruited from Peking Cancer Hospital,and the Colaizzi's seven-step method was adopted to extract and refine themes. Results A total of 12 core needs were summarized,including 4 from patients,5 from family caregivers,and 3 from healthcare professionals.Meanwhile,five functional requirements of head nurses were concluded in terms of role reshaping,full-process closed-loop management,and competency development. Conclusions Family meetings in oncology wards need to balance the diverse needs of all stakeholders.Head nurses have evolved from performers into meeting leaders,and their pivotal role is the key to the regular operation of such meetings.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148816971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standards and Guidance for Transparent Disclosure of Human-Artificial Intelligence Collaboration Content in Medical Research (2026).","authors":"","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid iteration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools is propelling medical research into a new phase characterized by human-AI collaboration.In the course of this process,AI has evolved from an external instrument into a functional component embedded within research workflows.As the collaborative boundary between human researchers and AI becomes increasingly ambiguous,governance challenges have grown increasingly salient.Concurrently,there remains a lack of internationally harmonized standards for the declaration of AI-assisted content,giving rise to notable disclosure gaps and implementation disconnects both domestically and abroad.To address these issues,the Professional Committee of Medical Journals of the Society of China University Journals assembled a multidisciplinary expert team covering fields such as medicine,biostatistics,epidemiology,medical ethics,scientific journal editing,and medical AI technology.Employing a modified Delphi method,the team conducted three rounds of online surveys and two consensus meetings.Drawing upon evidence from policy surveys of 1 692 medical journals,position statements from international organizations such as the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors,AI policy texts from the world's major academic publishers (Elsevier,Springer Nature,Wiley,Taylor & Francis,SAGE,etc.),and comparative studies on AI detection tool performance,the team ultimately formulated ten recommendations addressing core issues in medical publishing.This guidance emphasizes the core principles of transparent disclosure,human accountability,risk stratification,and technology-assisted oversight,aiming to fully harness the benefits of AI technology while upholding the bottom line of academic integrity.It provides a systematic framework for the standardized disclosure of human-AI collaboration content in medical research and offers actionable normative guidance for researchers,journal editors,peer reviewers,and academic institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 4","pages":"591-606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Trajectories of Frailty in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer and Their Influencing Factors.","authors":"Jiang Zhang, Xi-Juan Zhao, Yan-Yan Fei, Li-Ping Zhou, Lu Xu, Bing-Kun Yang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To explore the change trajectories of frailty in middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing radiotherapy for lung cancer and their influencing factors,thus providing a theoretical basis for targeted frailty management. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted.Middle-aged and elderly patients with lung cancer who received radiotherapy in Yunnan Cancer Hospital were recruited by convenience sampling from January 2023 to December 2024.The general information questionnaire was used to investigate the baseline and disease-related data of patients at three time points:1 day before radiotherapy,at the end of radiotherapy,and 1 month after radiotherapy.The Fried Frailty scale was adopted to identify frailty at each time point.A latent class growth model was employed to analyze the change trajectories of frailty in middle-aged and elderly patients undergoing radiotherapy for lung cancer.Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze the influencing factors of different trajectories. Results A total of 327 middle-aged and elderly patients completed the follow-up.The incidence of frailty was 27.83% before radiotherapy,48.32% at the end of radiotherapy,and 29.36% one month after radiotherapy.The frailty trajectory categories of patients undergoing radiotherapy for lung cancer could be classified into a pre-frailty-decline group (56.58%),a frailty-gentle increase group (27.83%),and a severe frailty-continuous increase group (15.60%).Age,nutritional score,disease stage,and the therapy received were the influencing factors of frailty trajectory category (all <i>P</i><0.05). Conclusions There is heterogeneity in the frailty trajectories of middle-aged and elderly patients with lung cancer before and one month after radiotherapy.Medical staff can formulate targeted frailty management strategies according to the heterogeneity and influencing factors of frailty trajectories to help patients prevent or reverse the occurrence of frailty and further improve the quality of life of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 3","pages":"479-488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a 64-plex Panel in the Study of Genetic Polymorphism and Population Structure of Kyrgyz Group.","authors":"Xiao-Lian Wu, Qing-Lin Liu, Mei-Ming Cai, Qiong Lan, Yan-Fang Liu, Bo-Feng Zhu","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16943","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To assess the forensic application value of 59 InDel loci and two miniSTR loci in Chinese Kyrgyz group,and to explore the genetic structure and genetic background of this group. Methods A total of 99 Kyrgyz individuals were genotyped through the 64-plex panel,which was developed independently by our lab.Allele frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated for the InDel loci and miniSTR loci included in the 64-plex panel.The application potential of these loci for full sibling identification was assessed by simulating 5 000 pairs of full siblings and unrelated individuals,respectively,via Familias v3 software.Additionally,various population analysis methods were employed to systematically explore the genetic relationships among the Kyrgyz group and 35 reference populations from five continents. Results The average polymorphism information content of the 59 InDel loci and two miniSTR loci in the Kyrgyz group were 0.365 1 and 0.753 6,respectively.The cumulative discrimination power and cumulative probability of exclusion of the 61 loci mentioned above were 1-1.928 4×10^-27 and 0.999 996 539 2,respectively.When the likelihood threshold was set at 100,the accuracy of this panel in distinguishing full siblings from unrelated individuals reached 93.93%.The results of population genetic analyses indicated that the Kyrgyz group had the mixed genetic components of East Asian and European populations,and was genetically closer to the East Asian populations,particularly the Mongolian group. Conclusions The 59 InDel loci and two miniSTR loci show high forensic application value in individual identification and parentage testing and demonstrate certain application potential in full sibling relationship identification.Meanwhile,the results further reveal the mixed East Asian-European genetic background of the Kyrgyz group.This study enriches the genetic resource information on Chinese ethnic minorities and provides basic data to support forensic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"48 3","pages":"422-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Splenic Angiosarcoma Misdiagnosed as Primary Myelofibrosis: Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review.","authors":"Juan Zhang, Ting-Ting Cui, Cong-Wei Jia, Qi Wang, Bing Han, Miao Chen","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16867","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Splenic angiosarcoma is a rare aggressive tumor originating from vascular endothelial cells of the spleen,typically presenting with splenomegaly,fatigue,and weight loss.Patients accompanied by anemia,thrombocytopenia,and bone marrow biopsy showing fibrosis are prone to be misdiagnosed with primary myelofibrosis.This article retrospectively analyzes the clinical characteristics of two cases initially diagnosed as primary myelofibrosis but negative for common driver gene mutations (JAK2,CALR,and MPL).One case was confirmed through splenectomy due to progressive splenomegaly,while the other was identified via bone marrow biopsy indicating angiosarcoma invasion.Both cases were ultimately pathologically confirmed as primary splenic angiosarcoma after splenectomy.Through literature review,we aim to enhance awareness of this rare disease,emphasizing that primary splenic tumors secondary to myelofibrosis should be differentially diagnosed in the cases of driver gene mutation-negative myelofibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"579-584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148325328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress in Chemokine Ligand 13 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in the Tumor Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Cai-Ling Shao, Yan-Li Yang, Peng-Fei Zhang, Qian-Qian He, Han Zhang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16665","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system and the third leading cause of malignant tumor-related deaths globally.The lack of effective therapeutic drug targets and biomarkers has resulted in low survival rates of colorectal cancer patients.In recent years,increasing studies have shown that the expression of chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) in the tumor microenvironment is closely related to tumor progression,prognosis,and response to immunotherapy.Especially in colorectal cancer,CXCL13 exhibits great potential as a potential marker for immune checkpoint therapy and its related T-cell subpopulations as immunotherapeutic targets.In this article,we review the research progress in CXCL13 in terms of its biological properties,association with the tumor microenvironment,related T-cell subpopulations,and targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"534-541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Sarcopenia in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults:Age- and Sex-Dependent Interaction Trends.","authors":"Hong-Jie Yang, Chun-Yan Li, Ying Lin, Peng-Gao Li","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17029","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To investigate the associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and the risk of developing sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese adults,and further examine the potential moderating roles of age and sex in the associations. Methods On the basis of the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted in 2011-2012,a total of 7 421 participants aged 45 years and older were enrolled in this study.Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.According to the body mass index and overall metabolic status,the participants were classified into four metabolic obesity phenotypes:metabolically healthy normal weight,metabolically healthy overweight/obesity,metabolically unhealthy normal weight,and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO).A multivariate logistic regression model was adopted to assess the association between each metabolic phenotype and the risk of sarcopenia.Stratified analyses were performed by sex and age groups,accompanied by heterogeneity testing.Additionally,Bayesian statistical methods were utilized to verify the reliability and robustness of the findings,particularly within the older age subgroup. Results The analysis revealed a significant moderating effect of age on the association between MUOO and sarcopenia risk.Specifically,among individuals younger than 60 years old,those with MUOO exhibited a significantly elevated risk of sarcopenia (<i>OR</i>=1.56,95%<i>CI</i>=1.03-2.37).This association was further supported by Bayesian analysis,which confirmed the consistency and robustness of the observed trend in the older age group.Stratified analyses by both sex and age uncovered notable heterogeneity:MUOO was identified as a significant risk factor for sarcopenia among men under 60 years old (<i>OR</i>=2.01),whereas it was associated with a significantly lower risk of sarcopenia among women aged 75 years and older (<i>OR</i>=0.13). Conclusions The association between MUOO and sarcopenia risk is markedly influenced by both age and sex.Middle-aged men with MUOO show increased susceptibility to sarcopenia,while MUOO may exert a potential protective effect among older women.These findings underscore the importance of incorporating metabolic status,age,and sex into the design of sarcopenia prevention and management strategies,advocating for personalized precision interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"453-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}