Chemical Society Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Molecular recognition of peptides and proteins by cucurbit[n]urils: systems and applications","authors":"Lilyanna Armstrong, Sarah L. Chang, Nia Clements, Zoheb Hirani, Lauren B. Kimberly, Keturah Odoi-Adams, Paolo Suating, Hailey F. Taylor, Sara A. Trauth and Adam R. Urbach","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00569D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00569D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of methodology for attaching ligand binding sites to proteins of interest has accelerated biomedical science. Such protein tags have widespread applications as well as properties that significantly limit their utility. This review describes the mechanisms and applications of supramolecular systems comprising the synthetic receptors cucurbit[7]uril (Q7) or cucurbit[8]uril (Q8) and their polypeptide ligands. Molecular recognition of peptides and proteins occurs at sites of 1–3 amino acids with high selectivity and affinity <em>via</em> several distinct mechanisms, which are supported by extensive thermodynamic and structural studies in aqueous media. The commercial availability, low cost, high stability, and biocompatibility of these synthetic receptors has led to the development of myriad applications. This comprehensive review compiles the molecular recognition studies and the resulting applications with the goals of providing a valuable resource to the community and inspiring the next generation of innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 23","pages":" 11519-11556"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging two-dimensional ferromagnetic semiconductors","authors":"Denan Kong, Chunli Zhu, Chunyu Zhao, Jijian Liu, Ping Wang, Xiangwei Huang, Shoujun Zheng, Dezhi Zheng, Ruibin Liu and Jiadong Zhou","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00378K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00378K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have attracted considerable attention for their potential in extending Moore's law and advancing next-generation electronic devices. Notably, the discovery and development of 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMSs) open exciting opportunities in manipulating both charge and spin, enabling the exploration of exotic properties and the design of innovative spintronic devices. In this review, we aim to offer a comprehensive summary of emerging 2D FMSs, covering their atomic structures, physical properties, preparation methods, growth mechanisms, magnetism modulation techniques, and potential applications. We begin with a brief introduction of the atomic structures and magnetic properties of novel 2D FMSs. Next, we delve into the latest advancements in the exotic physical properties of 2D FMSs. Following that, we summarize the growth methods, associated growth mechanisms, magnetism modulation techniques and spintronic applications of 2D FMSs. Finally, we offer insights into the challenges and potential applications of 2D FMSs, which may inspire further research in developing high-density, non-volatile storage devices based on 2D FMSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 22","pages":" 11228-11250"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autocatalytic DNA circuitries","authors":"Qiong Wu, Wei Xu, Jinhua Shang, Jiajing Li, Xiaoqing Liu, Fuan Wang and Jinghong Li","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00046C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00046C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Autocatalysis, a self-sustained replication process where at least one of the products functions as a catalyst, plays a pivotal role in life's evolution, from genome duplication to the emergence of autocatalytic subnetworks in cell division and metabolism. Leveraging their programmability, controllability, and rich functionalities, DNA molecules have become a cornerstone for engineering autocatalytic circuits, driving diverse technological applications. In this tutorial review, we offer a comprehensive survey of recent advances in engineering autocatalytic DNA circuits and their practical implementations. We delve into the fundamental principles underlying the construction of these circuits, highlighting their reliance on DNAzyme biocatalysis, enzymatic catalysis, and dynamic hybridization assembly. The discussed autocatalytic DNA circuitry techniques have revolutionized ultrasensitive sensing of biologically significant molecules, encompassing genomic DNAs, RNAs, viruses, and proteins. Furthermore, the amplicons produced by these circuits serve as building blocks for higher-order DNA nanostructures, facilitating biomimetic behaviors such as high-performance intracellular bioimaging and precise algorithmic assembly. We summarize these applications and extensively address the current challenges, potential solutions, and future trajectories of autocatalytic DNA circuits. This review promises novel insights into the advancement and practical utilization of autocatalytic DNA circuits across bioanalysis, biomedicine, and biomimetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 22","pages":" 10878-10899"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring porous structures without crystals: advancements with pair distribution function in metal- and covalent organic frameworks","authors":"Ignacio Romero-Muñiz, Edward Loukopoulos, Ying Xiong, Félix Zamora and Ana E. Platero-Prats","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00267A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00267A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The pair distribution function (PDF) is a versatile characterisation tool in materials science, capable of retrieving atom–atom distances on a continuous scale (from a few angstroms to nanometres), without being restricted to crystalline samples. Typically, total scattering experiments are performed using high-energy synchrotron X-rays, neutrons or electrons to achieve a high atomic resolution in a short time. Recently, PDF analysis provides a powerful approach to target current characterisation challenges in the field of metal- and covalent organic frameworks. By identifying molecular interactions on the pore surfaces, tracking complex structural transformations involving disorder states, and elucidating nucleation and growth mechanisms, structural analysis using PDF has provided invaluable insights into these materials. This review article highlights the significance of PDF analysis in advancing our understanding of MOFs and COFs, paving the way for innovative applications and discoveries in porous materials research.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 24","pages":" 11772-11803"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/cs/d4cs00267a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and stereoselectivity in metal and enzyme catalyzed carbene insertion into X–H and C(sp2)–H bonds","authors":"Reena Balhara, Ritwika Chatterjee and Garima Jindal","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00742E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00742E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Constructing highly proficient C–X (X = O, N, S, <em>etc.</em>) and C–C bonds by leveraging TMs (transition metals) (Fe, Cu, Pd, Rh, Au, <em>etc.</em>) and enzymes to catalyze carbene insertion into X–H/C(sp<small>²</small>)–H is a highly versatile strategy. This is primarily achieved through the <em>in situ</em> generation of metal carbenes from the interaction of TMs with diazo compounds. Over the last few decades, significant advancements have been made, encompassing a wide array of X–H bond insertions using various TMs. These reactions typically favor a stepwise ionic pathway where the nucleophilic attack on the metal carbene leads to the generation of a metal ylide species. This intermediate marks a critical juncture in the reaction cascade, presenting multiple avenues for proton transfer to yield the X–H inserted product. The mechanism of C(sp<small>²</small>)–H insertion reactions closely resembles those of X–H insertion reactions and thus have been included here. A major development in carbene insertion reactions has been the use of engineered enzymes as catalysts. Since the seminal report of a non-natural “carbene transferase” by Arnold in 2013, “P411”, several heme-based enzymes have been reported in the literature to catalyze various abiological carbene insertion reactions into C(sp<small>²</small>)–H, N–H and S–H bonds. These enzymes possess an extraordinary ability to regulate the orientation and conformations of reactive intermediates, facilitating stereoselective carbene transfers. However, the absence of a suitable stereochemical model has impeded the development of asymmetric reactions employing a lone chiral catalyst, including enzymes. There is a pressing need to investigate alternative mechanisms and models to enhance our comprehension of stereoselectivity in these processes, which will be crucial for advancing the fields of asymmetric synthesis and biocatalysis. The current review aims to provide details on the mechanistic aspects of the asymmetric X–H and C(sp<small>²</small>)–H insertion reactions catalyzed by Fe, Cu, Pd, Rh, Au, and enzymes, focusing on the detailed mechanism and stereochemical model. The review is divided into sections focusing on a specific X–H/C(sp<small>²</small>)–H bond type catalyzed by different TMs and enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 22","pages":" 11004-11044"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-driven nitrogen fixation routes for green ammonia production","authors":"Laura Collado, Alejandro H. Pizarro, Mariam Barawi, Miguel García-Tecedor, Marta Liras and Víctor A. de la Peña O'Shea","doi":"10.1039/D3CS01075A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS01075A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The global goal for decarbonization of the energy sector and the chemical industry could become a reality by a massive increase in renewable-based technologies. For this clean energy transition, the versatile green ammonia may play a key role in the future as a fossil-free fertilizer, long-term energy storage medium, chemical feedstock, and clean burning fuel for transportation and decentralized power generation. The high energy-intensive industrial ammonia production has triggered researchers to look for a step change in new synthetic approaches powered by renewable energies. This review provides a comprehensive comparison of light-mediated N<small>₂</small> fixation technologies for green ammonia production, including photocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic, PV-electrocatalytic and photothermocatalytic routes. Since these approaches are still at laboratory scale, we examine the most recent developments and discuss the open challenges for future improvements. Last, we offer a technoeconomic comparison of current and emerging ammonia production technologies, highlighting costs, barriers, recommendations, and potential opportunities for the real development of the next generation of green ammonia solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 23","pages":" 11334-11389"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/cs/d3cs01075a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142397838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential: machine learning applications in electrocatalyst design for electrochemical hydrogen energy transformation†","authors":"Rui Ding, Junhong Chen, Yuxin Chen, Jianguo Liu, Yoshio Bando and Xuebin Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00844H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00844H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Machine learning (ML) is rapidly emerging as a pivotal tool in the hydrogen energy industry for the creation and optimization of electrocatalysts, which enhance key electrochemical reactions like the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This comprehensive review demonstrates how cutting-edge ML techniques are being leveraged in electrocatalyst design to overcome the time-consuming limitations of traditional approaches. ML methods, using experimental data from high-throughput experiments and computational data from simulations such as density functional theory (DFT), readily identify complex correlations between electrocatalyst performance and key material descriptors. Leveraging its unparalleled speed and accuracy, ML has facilitated the discovery of novel candidates and the improvement of known products through its pattern recognition capabilities. This review aims to provide a tailored breakdown of ML applications in a format that is readily accessible to materials scientists. Hence, we comprehensively organize ML-driven research by commonly studied material types for different electrochemical reactions to illustrate how ML adeptly navigates the complex landscape of descriptors for these scenarios. We further highlight ML's critical role in the future discovery and development of electrocatalysts for hydrogen energy transformation. Potential challenges and gaps to fill within this focused domain are also discussed. As a practical guide, we hope this work will bridge the gap between communities and encourage novel paradigms in electrocatalysis research, aiming for more effective and sustainable energy solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 23","pages":" 11390-11461"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/cs/d4cs00844h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-rods in Ni-rich layered cathodes for practical batteries","authors":"Geon-Tae Park, Nam-Yung Park, Hoon-Hee Ryu, H. Hohyun Sun, Jang-Yeon Hwang and Yang-Kook Sun","doi":"10.1039/D3CS01110K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS01110K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lithium transition metal oxide layers, Li[Ni<small>_{1−<em>x</em>−<em>y</em>}</small>Co<small>_<em>x</em></small>(Mn and/or Al)<small>_<em>y</em></small>]O<small>₂</small>, are widely used and mass-produced for current rechargeable battery cathodes. Development of cathode materials has focused on increasing the Ni content by simply controlling the chemical composition, but as the Ni content has almost reached its limit, a new breakthrough is required. In this regard, microstructural modification is rapidly emerging as a prospective approach, namely in the production of nano-rod layered cathode materials. A comprehensive review of the physicochemical properties and electrochemical performances of cathodes bearing the nano-rod microstructure is provided herein. A detailed discussion is regarding the structural stability of the cathode, which should be maximized to suppress microcrack formation, the main cause of capacity fading in Ni-rich cathode materials. In addition, the morphological features required to achieve optimal performance are examined. Following a discussion of the initial nano-rod cathodes, which were based on compositional concentration gradients, the preparation of nano-rod cathodes without the inclusion of a concentration gradient is reviewed, highlighting the importance of the precursor. Subsequently, the challenges and advances associated with the nano-rod structure are discussed, including considerations for synthesizing nano-rod cathodes and surface shielding of the nano-rod structure. It goes on to cover nano-rod cathode materials for next-generation batteries (<em>e.g.</em>, all-solid-state, lithium-metal, and sodium-ion batteries), inspiring the battery community and other materials scientists looking for clues to the solution of the challenges that they encounter.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 23","pages":" 11462-11518"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/cs/d3cs01110k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic evolution processes in electrocatalysis: structure evolution, characterization and regulation","authors":"Chao Xie, Wei Chen, Yanyong Wang, Yahui Yang and Shuangyin Wang","doi":"10.1039/D3CS00756A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3CS00756A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Reactions on electrocatalytic interfaces often involve multiple processes, including the diffusion, adsorption, and conversion of reaction species and the interaction between reactants and electrocatalysts. Generally, these processes are constantly changing rather than being in a steady state. Recently, dynamic evolution processes on electrocatalytic interfaces have attracted increasing attention owing to their significant roles in catalytic reaction kinetics. In this review, we aim to provide insights into the dynamic evolution processes in electrocatalysis to emphasize the importance of unsteady-state processes in electrocatalysis. Specifically, the dynamic structure evolution of electrocatalysts, methods for the characterization of the dynamic evolution and the strategies for the regulation of the dynamic evolution for improving electrocatalytic performance are summarized. Finally, the conclusion and outlook on the research on dynamic evolution processes in electrocatalysis are presented. It is hoped that this review will provide a deeper understanding of dynamic evolution in electrocatalysis, and studies of electrocatalytic reaction processes and kinetics on the unsteady-state microscopic spatial and temporal scales will be given more attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 22","pages":" 10852-10877"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light/X-ray/ultrasound activated delayed photon emission of organic molecular probes for optical imaging: mechanisms, design strategies, and biomedical applications","authors":"Rui Qu, Xiqun Jiang and Xu Zhen","doi":"10.1039/D4CS00599F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4CS00599F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Conventional optical imaging, particularly fluorescence imaging, often encounters significant background noise due to tissue autofluorescence under real-time light excitation. To address this issue, a novel optical imaging strategy that captures optical signals after light excitation has been developed. This approach relies on molecular probes designed to store photoenergy and release it gradually as photons, resulting in delayed photon emission that minimizes background noise during signal acquisition. These molecular probes undergo various photophysical processes to facilitate delayed photon emission, including (1) charge separation and recombination, (2) generation, stabilization, and conversion of the triplet excitons, and (3) generation and decomposition of chemical traps. Another challenge in optical imaging is the limited tissue penetration depth of light, which severely restricts the efficiency of energy delivery, leading to a reduced penetration depth for delayed photon emission. In contrast, X-ray and ultrasound serve as deep-tissue energy sources that facilitate the conversion of high-energy photons or mechanical waves into the potential energy of excitons or the chemical energy of intermediates. This review highlights recent advancements in organic molecular probes designed for delayed photon emission using various energy sources. We discuss distinct mechanisms, and molecular design strategies, and offer insights into the future development of organic molecular probes for enhanced delayed photon emission.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" 22","pages":" 10970-11003"},"PeriodicalIF":40.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}