MAPAN最新文献

{"title":"Design Study of Double Parallel Beam Cutting Force Sensor","authors":"KaiQiang Yan,&nbsp;XiaoBin Huang,&nbsp;WenGe Wu,&nbsp;BaoYu Sun,&nbsp;Ze Chen,&nbsp;Siyu Song","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00792-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00792-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-time monitoring of the cutting force during the cutting process is crucial. In the past, cutting force sensors of various structures have been developed, and to improve the integrality and reduce the cross-interference error, a double-parallel-beam cutting force sensor is designed in this study. Through theoretical analysis and finite element method to analyze the influence of each factor on the performance of the sensor, to determine the optimal parameters of the sensor, to fabricate the prototype, and to carry out the patch, group bridge, and package on the double parallel beam. Then the performance test is carried out, and the results show that the sensitivities of the double parallel beam cutting force sensor in the two directions of main cutting force <i>F</i>_<i>c</i> and feed force <i>F</i>_<i>f</i> are 4.11 × 10⁻³ mV/N and 4.75 × 10⁻³ mV/N, respectively, and the minimum cross-interference error is only 0.88%; finally, the cutting test is carried out, and the designed cutting force sensor exhibits a satisfactory ability to accurately measure and record the cutting force under different cutting parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"229 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Improved Dynamic Time Scale Algorithm for Time-keeping System","authors":"Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Shao-wu Dong,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Shu-hong Zhao,&nbsp;Hai-bo Yuan,&nbsp;Hui-jie Song,&nbsp;Meng Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00794-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00794-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of time scale facilitates stable and reliable operation of time-keeping systems. Algos algorithm is a common method for calculating the time scale. Improving the stability of the time scale is an important issue in the research of time-keeping technology. In this paper, an optimization method of the clock difference data preprocessing in algorithm is proposed. We apply the theory of optimal weight to the calculation of time scale weight for improving the stability of the dynamic time scale. The proposed algorithm is called Improved Dynamic Algos-like (IDAlgos). We use the IDAlgos for joint experiments of cesium clocks ensemble, hydrogen masers ensemble, and hydrogen-cesium clocks ensemble, respectively. The results compared with Conventional Dynamic Algos-like (CDAlgos) show that i) for the case of cesium clocks ensemble, the short-term stability has been improved, the stability increased by 22.5% in 2 h and 20.8% in 4 h. ii) for the case of hydrogen masers ensemble, the stability increased by 18.3% in 1 h and 31.3% in 128 h, that is, both long-term and short-term stability has been improved. iii) for the clock ensemble combined of hydrogen masers and cesium clocks, the long-term and short-term stability has been greatly improved,among them, the stability increased by 64.6% in 1 h and 69.3% in 128 h. Consequently, the IDAlgos has obvious improving on the stability of the time scale</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"217 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Performance Evaluation of an Open Loop Wind Tunnel at NIS","authors":"Fatma A-M. Kassem,&nbsp;Ahmed Farouk AbdelGawad,&nbsp;Mefreh M. Nassief,&nbsp;A. E. Abu El-Ezz,&nbsp;Mohamed Adel","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00791-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00791-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the design and evaluation of wind tunnel performance at the National Institute of Standards in Egypt. Flow contraction in the convergent nozzle of a subsonic wind tunnel is one of the most effective means of reducing the level of turbulence intensity in the testing section. Accordingly, this study is based on designing a contraction ratio of 7, and comparing this ratio with previous studies in terms of turbulence intensity. The construction steps for the major components of the wind tunnel and calibration procedure are described. The calibration results show that the present wind tunnel provides a good repeatability of ± 0.003 m/s. In addition, reproducibility conditions provide a high confidence level in the results obtained from long-term investigations, with satisfactory performance. The results of the experimental study on the influence of flow contraction on the mean turbulence intensity in the convergence nozzle of an open-loop subsonic wind tunnel were less than 0.5%. In addition, the accuracy and stability of the wind tunnel design were verified using statistical evaluation of the normalized error value (En-value). The results indicate that the maximum normalized error of the measurement at the end of the test section was 0.8.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"203 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of Electrical Metrology and Possible Advancements Utilizing Extended Reality","authors":"Hala M. Abdel Mageed,&nbsp;Israa Azzam,&nbsp;Farid Breidi","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00795-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00795-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrical metrology is a discipline that aims to guarantee the accuracy, precision, and dependability of electrical systems and apparatuses. Any departure from the necessary measuring standards can significantly impact the operation of electrical systems and devices. Thus, it is crucial to develop cutting-edge calibration techniques to increase the precision and effectiveness of electrical measurements, i.e., the dependability of electrical measurements, while saving time and resources. One of the calibration techniques utilizes visual guidance while calibrating, which is helpful for junior metrologists who lack expertise and training. This technique incorporates virtual standards in electrical metrology, which can increase accuracy and efficiency and provide visual guidance. This paper proposes the adoption of extended reality as an immersive measurement tool to overcome obstacles and improve the accuracy and efficiency of metrology. Electrical instruments can be precisely calibrated in a virtual environment by replacing real standards with virtual standards. This could be achieved through the adoption of extended reality technologies like virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality, all of which give metrologists an immersive and engaging experience, allowing them to test and improve their performance via immersive metrology. Such immersive metrology can aid in the improvement of metrologists’ training by enabling them to obtain practical experience in a virtual setting that is risk-free and secure before experiencing measurement methods in realistic experimental settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"151 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Bilateral Inter-laboratory Comparison Measurements Between Public Institutions for Dry-Block Calibrator and Thermometer Calibrations","authors":"Can Ekici,&nbsp;Öznur Avci","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00800-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00800-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the efficacy of interlaboratory comparison tests in evaluating the calibration of analogue bimetal thermometers and dry-block calibrators. These instruments play a pivotal role in various industrial applications involving temperature measurement and calibration. The Turkish Standards Institution (TSE) organized a bilateral interlaboratory comparison with a foreign public authority laboratory, focusing on the calibration of a dry-block calibrator and an analogue bimetal thermometer. Interlaboratory comparison tests are expected to reveal consistent calibration results with <i>E</i>_<i>n</i> values less than one, signifying comparable calibration outcomes across different laboratories. While measurement uncertainties may vary between laboratories, these differences are anticipated to remain within acceptable limits as defined by international standards. Participation in interlaboratory comparison tests enhances the technical competencies of laboratories, particularly in calibration accuracy and uncertainty management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"165 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulus Towards ESG in India and GHG Protocol with Measurable Metrological Tools: Progresses and Challenges","authors":"Shubhangi Chourasia,&nbsp;S. M. Pandey","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00798-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00798-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The up-surging of environmental, economic, and social-related matters has changed the view of corporate stakeholders' responsiveness towards profit. They have started thinking about the planet, people, and their wealth besides profit. Consequently, high hope is also focused on Environmental, Social And Governance (ESG) factors. The commitment towards the environment and social responsibility of the organization imitates the ESG performance of enterprises that are corporating ESG activities in their working style with a vigorous governance structure; furthermore, the Covid pandemic has exaggerated the importance of ESG parameters. Corporate stakeholders are fervent in knowing how ESG practices can be embraced into business policy, bringing more clarity and transparency to ESG reporting disclosures. The present study offers insight into the ESG concerns unfolding in terms of their prominence and the existing situation in India. In this study, we briefly discuss the need for ESG in Indian organizations and its transformation landscape for the future. Then, we discuss ESG adoption preparedness and its challenges in India. Then, we discussed the steps to be taken to achieve the aim of the sustainability strategy and its implementation, including the ESG Strategy, its linkage of ESG with GHG protocol with measurable metrology tools &amp; the role of metrology in measuring Scope-1, Scope-2, and Scope-3 its emissions measurement with metrology measuring instruments. In the next section, we discuss the need for sustainable ESG reporting, its associated trends and challenges, and India's current status in ESG funds, ESG investing, and its current challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"175 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty of Ultrasonic Evaporation Sensor","authors":"Mingming Wei,&nbsp;Yan Qi,&nbsp;Jun Meng,&nbsp;Taocheng Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00796-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00796-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to effectively improve the accuracy of measurement data from the ultrasonic evaporation sensor (UES), research is conducted on evaluating the measurement uncertainty of the UES.The UES calibration results for the AG2.0 model are used as an example and are looked at using the Monte Carlo method (MCM), the adaptive Monte Carlo method (AMCM), and the guide to the expression uncertainty in measurement (GUM). This is done to see how well the different evaluation methods work in this area. Firstly, the basic principles of MCM, AMCM, and GUM are introduced, respectively. Then, the UES's working principle and calibration process are looked at. A measurement model that fits is made, and the 60 mm calibration point is used to get calibration results. Finally, MCM, AMCM, and GUM are used to carry out measurement uncertainty on the calibration results, respectively. The results show that those evaluated by MCM and AMCM are basically similar; however, AMCM requires much fewer simulations than MCM (only 3% of those required by MCM). The GUM's applicability has not been verified. Therefore, in uncertainty evaluation in this field, both AMMC and MCM have similar effects, but AMCM's ability to save program running resources and improve evaluation efficiency is significantly better than that offered by MCM. It is recommended to use AMCM, as GUM is no longer applicable for evaluating measurement uncertainty in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"139 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Development, and Characterization of Cross Beam Force Transducer for Low Force Measurement","authors":"Vikas,&nbsp;S. Seela Kumar Titus,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar,&nbsp;Surya Kumar Gautam","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00784-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00784-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study addresses the growing need for precise static low-force measurement in industries and metrology, driven by technological advancements and a trend toward miniaturization. Existing commercially available static force transducers can do force measurements with precision but these transducers face significant challenges in their development for low force measurement due to the irregular shapes of the spring element. Additionally, in the literature, some low-force sensors are also described for static low-force measurement but they possess poor metrology characteristics such as linearity, repeatability, and reproducibility which impacts their overall performance. The use of such low-force sensors in static low force measurements related applications such as microhardness testing, tactile sensing, and automation assembly systems may lead to low product trustworthiness. To address these challenges, this study presents the design of a simple-shaped cross-beam low-force transducer specifically for static force measurement in the 5 N range. The study begins with the design of cross beam spring element whose deflection under 5 N is analyzed by analytical and computational means. For the computational analysis, Ansys software of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used. For the analytical analysis, an analytical expression is derived to study the deflection. Experimental results demonstrate that the developed cross-beam strain gauge force transducer exhibits good metrological performance in the low-force range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"127 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable Isotope Ratio and Elemental Analysis (CNS) in Mangrove Leaves in the Creek Ecosystem: An Indicator of Coastal Marine Pollution","authors":"V. B. Yadav,&nbsp;Moushumi D. Dutta,&nbsp;Vandana A. Pulhani,&nbsp;A. Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00786-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00786-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The stable isotopes ratio and elemental composition in the mangrove leaves are excellent indicators for coastal marine pollution. The present study investigated the composition of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur, δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values in mangrove leaves to identify the source of pollution and energy to the mangroves in the creek ecosystem of Mumbai Harbour Bay. The oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios (δ¹⁸O and δ²H) of leaf water were estimated to understand the relative contribution of freshwater and seawater to the mangrove's water source. The Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulfur contents were found to vary from 37.79 to 42.55% (Average: 40.06 ± 1.54%), 2.13–3.79% (Average: 2.94 ± 0.45%) and 0.37–0.81% (Average: 0.53 ± 0.14%) in the mangrove leaves, respectively. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values were found to vary from − 30.43 to − 28.41‰ (Average: − 29.46 ± 0.74‰) and from − 2.67 to 5.54‰ (Average: 2.21 ± 3.20%), respectively. The δ¹⁸O and δ²H values were found to vary from − 2.7 to 0.83‰ and − 6.86 to 5.43‰ with an average of − 0.94 ± 0.83 and − 2.03 ± 3.52‰ respectively. According to the observed δ¹⁸O and δ²H values, mangroves in the northern part had a relatively higher contribution of freshwater input compared to southern part of the study area. The lower values of δ¹⁵N towards the northern end of the creek indicate a relatively higher contribution of nitrogen from industrial discharges. Similar values of δ¹³C in mangrove in the region suggest a common source of carbon. Mangroves found near discharge locations have different elemental composition and δ¹⁵N values compared to those mangroves that are not located near discharge location. These differences can be used as potential markers to identify the coastal marine pollution. The results of the present study may be used for developing rational approaches for protection and conservation of the mangrove ecosystem in the bay.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"117 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12647-024-00786-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for Precisely Determining Ionosphere Travelling Disturbances Using NavIC","authors":"Anu Arora,&nbsp;Suresh Dakkumalla,&nbsp;Sharda Vashisth,&nbsp;Amitava Sen Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s12647-024-00785-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-024-00785-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ionosphere is often disturbed by irregularity phenomenon known as Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) which appear as oscillating waves causing fluctuation in the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). This paper provides a methodology to precisely identify MSTIDs using dual frequency NavIC measurements. A network of three stations situated geographically apart by ~ 30 km and forming a triangle was established in the northern part (at around 77° E, 28° N) of Indian region. The method is then used on the dual frequency NavIC measurements observed at the three stations to precisely determine the MSTIDs occurred during 2020. The present paper brings out for the first time the occurrence statistics of the MSTIDs derived using the NavIC measurements obtained from NavIC network in India. This paper also provides statistics for the characteristics of observed MSTIDs such as propagation direction, horizontal phase velocity, period and amplitude obtained using NavIC for the first time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"40 1","pages":"1 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}