MAPAN最新文献

{"title":"Thirty-Year Variability and Meteorological Controls of PM2.5 over Bengaluru, India (1995–2025): Evidence from MERRA-2 Reanalysis","authors":"D. Govindaraju,&nbsp;K. E. Ganesh","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00956-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00956-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A thirty-year (1st January 1995–31st December 2025) assessment of PM_2.5 variability and meteorological controls over Bengaluru, India, was conducted using NASA MERRA-2 reanalysis data. Validation against CPCB observations, including a multi-station comparison across nine Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) during 2023–2024, demonstrated generally strong agreement between MERRA-2 and ground observations, supporting the suitability of the reanalysis product for long-term air-quality assessment. Mann–Kendall analysis revealed a highly significant increasing PM_2.5 trend (Sen’s slope =  + 0.317 <i>μ</i>g m^-3 yr^-1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), whereas key meteorological parameters exhibited no comparable long-term trends, indicating a dominant anthropogenic influence on the observed increase. Seasonally, PM_2.5 concentrations peaked during the pre-monsoon season (22.1 <i>μ</i>g m^-3) and reached minimum levels during the monsoon season (12.7 <i>μ</i>g m^-3) owing to enhanced atmospheric ventilation and wet scavenging. Analysis of planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) revealed that the apparent positive PM_2.5–PBLH relationship was seasonally confounded, with elevated PBLH ultimately promoting pollutant dilution above approximately 800 m. Extreme pollution episodes occurred predominantly during pre-monsoon and winter periods under low-moisture and weak-wind conditions. Random Forest analysis identified water vapour (27.1%) and wind speed (26.6%) as the dominant meteorological controls on PM_2.5 variability, whereas PBLH contributed only 12.7%. Overall, the study provides one of the first integrated long-term assessments of PM_2.5 variability over Bengaluru by combining satellite reanalysis, multi-station ground validation, trend analysis, nonlinear meteorological interpretation, and machine-learning attribution to distinguish anthropogenic forcing from meteorological variability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1055 - 1070"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Dual-Input Non-isolated DC-DC Converters and Control Techniques for Interfacing Renewable Energy System","authors":"Atul Kumar Lal,&nbsp;Anmol Ratna Saxena","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00953-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00953-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) increases and the worldwide demand for efficient energy conversion grows, the need for advanced DC-DC converter topologies is increasing. Dual-input DC-DC converters have been highlighted as promising solutions for applications such as renewable energy systems, microgrids, portable electronics, and electric vehicles. In addition, they are suitable for applications that require high voltage regulation under widely varying input and output voltages while achieving a high-power density. Dual-input DC-DC converters enable the connection of multiple energy sources (e.g., photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, batteries and supercapacitors) in a single power conversion stage. This paper presents a systematic review of non-isolated dual-input dc-dc converter topologies including dual-input single-output (DISO) and dual-input dual-output (DIDO) topologies. The topologies are compared in terms of characteristics such as voltage gain, efficiency, number of devices and control complexity, to aid in topology selection for various applications. The main design challenges of these topologies are also highlighted and commonly applied control strategies are analysed. It also identifies two promising solutions- AI-based control techniques and wide-bandgap (WBG) semiconductor technologies, represented by silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN)—for advanced renewable energy and smart-grid applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1071 - 1091"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Tri-band NavIC Antenna with a Novel Tri-Band Choke Ring Ground-Plane for Multipath Mitigation Application in the NavIC Ground Segment","authors":"T Subramanya Ganesh,&nbsp;Shikha Maharana,&nbsp;Satyaduth Medapati,&nbsp;Sharada Vashishth,&nbsp;Amitava Sengupta","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00937-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00937-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the design of a novel tri-band choke ring antenna ground plane developed for multipath mitigation in the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) ground segment's reference receiver. The NavIC reference receiver system is the core engine of the NavIC ground segment, responsible for providing precise code and carrier phase measurements essential for carrying out orbit determination and time synchronization. One of the major sources of the measurement errors is multipath. The paper is divided into two major parts with the first part being the design and development of the central antenna element that meets the required specifications for NavIC ground segment and the second part focusses on the design and development of a novel tri-band choke ring ground plane for multipath mitigation of the NavIC downlink signals in three NavIC downlink frequency bands. The mitigation is attempted predominantly in the upper hemisphere of the antenna radiation pattern. Two solutions have been successfully attempted for the antenna center element namely the tri-band microstrip stack antenna and a wide band spiral antenna. After the successful implementation of the central element, the choke ring ground plane is designed using six concentric rings with each ring having stepped grooves. The measured and the fabricated results obtained for the tri-band antenna with choke ring ground plane are seen to be optimal for both the cases. In both types of the center element having the choke ring ground plane around it, the ground plane performance is optimal with respect to multipath mitigation. The Front to Back Ratio achieved is about 20 dB at lower elevation angles ie, (upto 20 degrees above and below the horizon). The choke ring ground plane has rings which are segmented into pairs of rings for mitigating multipath for each of the three frequency bands. The rings in this work consist of stepped grooves which help in reducing the numbers of rings and therefore the overall weight of the antenna.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1037 - 1053"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel-Titanium Endodontic File Degradation Assessment via Multi-sensor Fusion and Composite Wear Index: In-Vitro Study","authors":"Apoorv Tripathi,&nbsp;Pavan Kumar Kankar,&nbsp;Ankur Miglani,&nbsp;Hem C. Jha,&nbsp;Niharika Gupta,&nbsp;Rohit Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00952-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00952-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Standard root canal treatment involves cleaning, shaping, and enlarging the canals, a process that carries a high risk of file fatigue and failure. While Ni–Ti shape memory alloy files have reduced the frequency of these errors, their wear and fatigue remain abrupt and unpredictable for the practitioner. In this study, a measurement-driven methodology is developed to quantify the in-situ wear progression of a WaveOne Gold (#25) endodontic file using multi-sensor metrology and signal processing. Root canal procedures on extracted human teeth are instrumented with three synchronized sensors—a dynamometer (force), an accelerometer (vibration), and a microphone (acoustic emission)—to acquire high-resolution time-series data under realistic operating conditions. Parameters such as RMS, mean, and Standard deviation fail to provide an accurate understanding of file wear and are less sensitive to sudden changes due to file wear. In this study, force, vibration and acoustics signals are analyzed to calculate various time and frequency-based parameters. These parameters are then used to calculate the composite wear index of the file, indicating the relative wear of the file as opposed to when it was new. The study shows that increase in composite wear index more than 50% indicates severe damage to the endodontic file. This metrology-based framework highlights how integrated sensing, feature engineering, and condition-index formulation can support evidence-based file replacement decisions and enable predictive maintenance strategies for rotary endodontic instruments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1017 - 1035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multivariate Temporal Convolutional Network for Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Rolling Bearings with Measurement Reliability Consideration","authors":"Aniruth Reddy Devarapelly,&nbsp;Aditya Singh,&nbsp;Taoufik Najeh,&nbsp;Pavan Kumar Kankar,&nbsp;Tushar Kanti Mandal,&nbsp;Ramin Karim,&nbsp;Uday Kumar,&nbsp;Prabhakar V. Varde","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00941-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00941-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rolling-element bearings are one of the most important components in rotating machinery, and their sudden failure can result in heavy damage to the remaining components of the bearings and nearby machines. Decreasing or minimising the effect of damage, prediction of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of the bearings will help to reduce the downtime cost and safety risks. The main aim of this paper is to measure multivariate data such as vibration, temperature, load, etc. and propose a data-driven RUL prediction structured methodology with the help of real-time run-to-failure vibration and Temperature data. The proposed work is divided into different parts, such as signal preprocessing, sliding-window segmentation, RUL-Labelling based on degradation and a Transfer-Learning Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN) for regression. A specific case study is conducted using the LTU-CBM run-to-failure bearing dataset. The proposed methodology demonstrates that the model achieves accurate and stable RUL predictions and performs well compared with the conventional machine learning approaches. The results show the effectiveness of temporal deep learning models for bearing prognostics applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1001 - 1016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Radon Concentration, Physicochemical Parameters, and Dose Rate from Tap Water Consumption in Ranya Region, Iraqi Kurdistan","authors":"Hiwa Mohammad Qadr","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00945-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00945-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Twenty tap water samples collected from various locations across the Ranya region, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, were examined to assess radon concentrations alongside key physicochemical parameters using a Rad7 radon detector. The measured radon concentrations ranged from 0.45 to 3.85 Bq L⁻¹, with a mean of 1.40 Bq L⁻¹, all of which fell well within the permissible limits established by the WHO and USEPA. Annual ingestion dose and annual inhalation dose were estimated for three age groups, adults, children, and infants. All calculated dose rate values remained below the WHO reference level of 100 µSv y⁻¹. Among the age groups, infants recorded the highest annual ingestion dose and annual inhalation dose values compared to adults and children. The ingestion pathway contributed a greater dose than the inhalation pathway across all age groups. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant correlation between radon concentration and the estimated radiological dose, whereas no significant relationship was observed between radon concentration and the majority of physicochemical parameters measured in the tap water samples. These findings establish a baseline radiological dataset for the Ranya region and demonstrate that continued monitoring of tap water supplies across different distribution networks and geological zones is essential for ensuring safe drinking water quality and sustainable public health management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"989 - 999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Detection of Microplastics in Soils: A Critical Review of Methods, Ecological Impacts, Remediation Approaches, and Standardization Challenges","authors":"Anuradha Singh,&nbsp;Prerna Singh,&nbsp;D. Shanthana Lakshmi,&nbsp;Sudhir K. Sharma,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00943-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00943-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as a major global environmental concern due to their widespread presence across various ecosystems, including soil, water, and air systems. This review critically examines the occurrence, sources, extraction, and impacts of MPs in soil environments, with a particular focus on methodological challenges. It outlines the commonly used extraction methods, such as sieving and density separation, along with analytical techniques for chemical identification and quantification, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR; detection limits ~ 20–50 µm), Raman spectroscopy (~ 1 µm), and Pyrolysis–GC–MS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry). Despite the significant advancements in analytical approaches, challenges persist in achieving methodological standardization and minimizing interference from organic matter (OM). Variations in extraction procedures and recovery efficiencies, along with limited reporting of detection limits, further influence the reliability and comparability of results. The review also evaluates the effects of MPs on soil health, with particular emphasis on changes in physical properties such as soil aggregation, water retention, soil density, and nutrient dynamics, as well as impacts on microbial activity and overall soil fertility. MPs have been reported to promote soil aggregation while reducing aggregate stability, indicating contrasting effects on soil structure. While some studies suggest potentially beneficial effects, the overall impacts of MPs on soil systems remain uncertain and insufficiently quantified. In addition, their influence on plant growth varies widely, ranging from negative to positive effects depending on plant species and developmental stage. Potential risks to human health are also considered, including toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and the bioaccumulation of hazardous compounds of MPs. However, the transfer of MPs from soil to plants and subsequently to humans remains insufficiently understood and requires further quantification and validation. Notably, the majority of the recent research is laboratory-based, short-term, and has limited field-scale validation. It is to be noted that soil forms the foundation of terrestrial ecosystems and the food chain; there is an urgent need to regulate MPs contamination to protect soil organisms, plants, animals, and ultimately human health. Overall, the review assesses current mitigation strategies, including advanced separation techniques, bioremediation approaches, and improvements in waste management practices, and emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies, comprehensive research, and effective policy frameworks to address microplastic pollution in soil ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"1093 - 1114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic Sensor Based Detection of Modulated Microwave Signals Across Multiple Frequency Bands","authors":"Yashika Aneja,&nbsp;C. P. Subhanya,&nbsp;S. K. Dubey","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00942-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00942-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Highly excited Rydberg states enable broadband electric field sensing through Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). These quantum-optical phenomena allow detection of electromagnetic fields over a wide frequency range from MHz to THz. In this work, we demonstrate multi-band microwave electric field sensing and investigate the variation in threshold power required for AT splitting across the Ku, K, and Ka bands using a Rydberg atomic vapor cell, along with the detection of amplitude-modulated (AM) signals. The microwave field couples adjacent Rydberg states, producing AT splitting in the probe transmission spectrum, from which the electric field amplitude is determined. The modulation information encoded on the microwave carrier is observed as variations in the probe transmission within the EIT resonance, which in turn influence the AT splitting. Since the electric field is obtained from the measured splitting governed by fundamental constants, the method provides SI-traceable measurements and enables a calibration-free approach to local electric field sensing. These results demonstrate the potential of Rydberg atomic systems for broadband microwave sensing and time dependent signal detection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"979 - 988"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of the Experimental Model of 1 to 10 g Kibble Balance at CSIR-NPL","authors":"Bushra Ehtesham,&nbsp;Sumit Nehra,&nbsp;Arun Saini,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar Saini,&nbsp;Mohammed Ismail,&nbsp;Thomas John,&nbsp;Nidhi Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00939-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00939-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper discusses the indigenously developed experimental model of 1–10 g Kibble balance. Fabrication of setup is discussed in brief. The developed balance is tested for 1, 2, 5, and 10 g. The current study has focused on the measurement of the induced voltage and the product <i>BL</i> in the velocity mode and the associated uncertainties. The test measurements carried out with the different masses have uncertainties lower than 1%. Different uncertainty components in the measurement of the induced voltage, product <i>BL</i> have been recognized, estimated, and discussed in detail. Finally, the combined standard uncertainty is estimated for the nominal mass values of 1, 2, 5, and 10 g. Major uncertainty contributions influencing the measurement results in the present work have been discussed in detail. The setup can be used as a laboratory instrument at university level for determination of the Planck constant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"969 - 978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Climate Change and Water Quality Response in Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia","authors":"Lei Shi,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12647-026-00940-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12647-026-00940-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate changes in water quality in the Inner Mongolia of Yellow River Basin (IM-YRB) and to elucidate the relationship between climate and water quality, this study employed the Water Quality Index (WQI) method, based on six water quality parameters, to conduct a comprehensive assessment of water quality from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that: 1) Temperature, precipitation and runoff in the IM-YRB showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2020. Significant negative relationship was detected between temperature and chemical oxygen demand (COD), runoff and NH₃-N. Runoff exhibited a strong positive correlation with fluoride (F⁻) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). 2) The variation of water quality parameters exhibited a decreased trend from 2010 to 2020. The highest concentration of Permanganate index (COD_Mn) and NH₃-N respectively was 3.47 and 0.33 mg/L in 2011. The concentration of COD (14.89 mg/L) and Five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) (3.21 mg/L) exhibited a decreasing trend since 2013. TP showed a decreasing trend since 2012, with a minimum of 0.06 mg/L in 2018. The mean concentration of F⁻ was 0.44 mg/L with a decreasing trend from 2011 and a minimum of 0.32 mg/L in 2019. WQI was significantly improved since 2015. The linear mixed-effects model indicates that NH₃-N, COD_Mn, and total phosphorus (TP) were the primary parameters influencing the WQI from 2010 to 2015. NH₃-N, COD_Mn, and COD were the primary parameters influencing the WQI from 2015 to 2020. 3) Significant spatial differences in water quality parameters (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The water quality of the Meidaigou river, Wulanmulin river, and Hun river station remained good state. Kundulun river, Xi river, Xiaohei river and Dong river remained poor state.This study provides a basis for understanding changes in water quality in the Inner Mongolia region of the Yellow River Basin and offers guidance for water pollution prevention and control efforts in the basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":689,"journal":{"name":"MAPAN","volume":"41 3","pages":"955 - 967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12647-026-00940-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}