Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica最新文献

{"title":"Stapedoplasty without sedation in an office-based setting.","authors":"Giuseppe Malafronte, Barbara Filosa, Antonio Trusio, Generoso De Cristofaro, Vito Colacurcio, Pasquale Marra","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2549","url":null,"abstract":"Stapedoplastica senza sedazione effettuata in regime ambulatoriale.","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"294-296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/ff/aoi-2023-04-294.PMC10366559.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italian validation of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly - Screening version (HHIE-S-It).","authors":"Enrico Apa,&nbsp;Luca Sacchetto,&nbsp;Silvia Palma,&nbsp;Chiara Cocchi,&nbsp;Chiara Gherpelli,&nbsp;Elisabetta Genovese,&nbsp;Daniele Monzani,&nbsp;Riccardo Nocini","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Validate the Italian version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly - Screening version (HHIE-S-It).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After translation, psychometric properties and attributes were analysed by administering the HHIE-S-It to 167 elderly outpatients together with the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.908 for the total score, and 0.832 and 0.816 for its two subscales. Significant test-retest reliability was observed (p < 0.001). Moderate to high correlations were found between HHIE-S-It and pure tone average in the better ear (p < 0.001). The ANOVA test confirmed the significant difference in HHIE-S-It scores across groups according to the degree of hearing loss (p < 0.001). Only very low and low significant correlations were observed between HHIE-S-It and PGWBI. The criterion HHIE-S-It > 11 was observed as the best cut-off with highest sensitivity (86.4%), specificity (72.4%), positive predictive value (52.8%), negative predictive value (93.7%) and likelihood ratios (3.12 and 0.19).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since the HHIE-S-It presented acceptable psychometric properties, its adoption is justified for both clinical and research purposes. Acceptable diagnostic attributes allow its use as a screening tool for age-related hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"262-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/a4/aoi-2023-04-262.PMC10366563.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9973079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The usefulness of the O-MAR algorithm in MRI skull base assessment to manage cochlear implant-related artifacts.","authors":"Pietro Canzi,&nbsp;Elena Carlotto,&nbsp;Anna Simoncelli,&nbsp;Elvis Lafe,&nbsp;Andrea Scribante,&nbsp;Domenico Minervini,&nbsp;Matteo Nardo,&nbsp;Stefano Malpede,&nbsp;Luisa Chiapparini,&nbsp;Marco Benazzo","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess artifact size and MRI visibility when applying the \"Orthopedic-Metal Artifact Reduction\" (O-MAR) algorithm for cochlear implant (CI) scanning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two volunteers were submitted to 1.5 T MRI with an Ultra 3D CI receiver stimulator placed on their head. Four angular CI orientations were adopted: 90, 120, 135 and 160 degrees. Volunteers were scanned in each condition using T1w and T2w TSE sequences, as well as O-MAR sequences, in both axial and coronal planes. Quantitative comparisons were made of signal void and penumbra extent. Additionally, qualitative evaluations of global image quality, MRI readability with respect to 12 anatomical structures and visibility through the penumbra were undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After application of the O-MAR protocol, the radius of the signal void reduced from 50.76 mm to 45.43 mm and from 49.22 mm to 40.15 mm on T1w and T2w TSE axial sequences, respectively (p < 0.05). Qualitatively, sequences acquired with O-MAR produced better outcomes in terms of image quality and anatomical depiction. Despite the area of the penumbra being increased for the O-MAR protocol, visibility through penumbra was improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Application of O-MAR may provide a complementary strategy to those already in use to obtain diagnostically useful MRI examinations in the presence of a CI, especially in case of skull base diseases requiring MRI monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"273-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5b/9d/aoi-2023-04-273.PMC10366562.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instance segmentation of upper aerodigestive tract cancer: site-specific outcomes.","authors":"Alberto Paderno,&nbsp;Francesca Pia Villani,&nbsp;Milena Fior,&nbsp;Giulia Berretti,&nbsp;Francesca Gennarini,&nbsp;Gabriele Zigliani,&nbsp;Emanuela Ulaj,&nbsp;Claudia Montenegro,&nbsp;Alessandra Sordi,&nbsp;Claudio Sampieri,&nbsp;Giorgio Peretti,&nbsp;Sara Moccia,&nbsp;Cesare Piazza","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To achieve instance segmentation of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) neoplasms using a deep learning (DL) algorithm, and to identify differences in its diagnostic performance in three different sites: larynx/hypopharynx, oral cavity and oropharynx.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1034 endoscopic images from 323 patients were examined under narrow band imaging (NBI). The Mask R-CNN algorithm was used for the analysis. The dataset split was: 935 training, 48 validation and 51 testing images. Dice Similarity Coefficient (Dsc) was the main outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Instance segmentation was effective in 76.5% of images. The mean Dsc was 0.90 ± 0.05. The algorithm correctly predicted 77.8%, 86.7% and 55.5% of lesions in the larynx/hypopharynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx, respectively. The mean Dsc was 0.90 ± 0.05 for the larynx/hypopharynx, 0.60 ± 0.26 for the oral cavity, and 0.81 ± 0.30 for the oropharynx. The analysis showed inferior diagnostic results in the oral cavity compared with the larynx/hypopharynx (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study confirms the feasibility of instance segmentation of UADT using DL algorithms and shows inferior diagnostic results in the oral cavity compared with other anatomic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/be/49/aoi-2023-04-283.PMC10366566.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italian version of the Brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (Brief-IT-QOD).","authors":"Arianna Cardella,&nbsp;Giuseppe Riva,&nbsp;Andrea Preti,&nbsp;Andrea Albera,&nbsp;Livio Luzi,&nbsp;Roberto Albera,&nbsp;Davide Cadei,&nbsp;Gian Marco Motatto,&nbsp;Filippo Omenetti,&nbsp;Giancarlo Pecorari,&nbsp;Francesco Ottaviani,&nbsp;Francesco Mozzanica","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Italian version of the Brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (Brief-IT-QOD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study consisted of six phases: item generation, reliability analysis (112 dysosmic patients for internal consistency analysis and 61 for test-retest reliability analysis), normative data generation (303 normosmic subjects), validity analysis (comparison of Brief-IT-QOD scores of healthy and dysosmic subjects and scores correlation with psychophysical olfactory testing TDI and SNOT-22 scores), responsiveness analysis (10 dysosmic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients before and after biologic therapy), and cut-off value determination (ROC curve analysis of Brief-IT-QOD sensitivity and specificity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All subjects completed the Brief-IT-QOD. Internal consistency (α > 0.70) and test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.7) were acceptable and satisfactory for both questionnaire subscales. A significant difference between dysosmic and control subjects was found in both subscales (p < 0.05). Significant correlations between subscales scores and TDI and SNOT-22 scores were observed. Brief-IT-QOD scores before treatment were significantly higher than after biological therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Brief-IT-QOD is reliable, valid, responsive to changes in QoL, and recommended for clinical practice and outcome research.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"252-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fd/0b/aoi-2023-04-252.PMC10366567.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10274600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined treatment of muscle tension dysphonia: voice therapy with instrumental postural rehabilitation.","authors":"Pasqualina Maria Picciotti,&nbsp;Maria Raffaella Marchese,&nbsp;Ylenia Longobardi,&nbsp;Giuseppe Oliveto,&nbsp;Lea Calò,&nbsp;Lucia D'Alatri","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This investigation aimed to propose a new rehabilitation technique that combines voice exercises and instrumental postural rehabilitation for patients with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled nine dysphonic patients (8 women and 1 man, aged 22-55 years). Voice assessment included strobovideolaryngoscopy, Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), perceptual evaluation by GRBAS scale and patient's self-rating by Italian version of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Vestibular function was evaluated by the Bed Side Examination and Video Head Impulse test (VHIT). Postural control was evaluated by Dynamic Posturography (DP) using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and analysing the Equilibrium Score (ES) and balance subsystems (somatosensorial, visual, vestibular).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All cases underwent different types of voice exercises combined with balance training based on NeuroCom Balance Master Protocols, once a week for six 35-minutes sessions. After therapy, an improvement in MPT, VHI, GRBAS scores and endoscopic laryngeal features was obtained. DP results at baseline were normal and after therapy we showed a slight improvement of ES (somatosensorial and visual components).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A combined rehabilitation technique for MTD, by improving the attention to postural control, allows for significant improvement in vocal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/6b/aoi-2023-04-245.PMC10366564.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9971522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type III laryngo-tracheo-oesophageal cleft repair without tracheostomy in neonate with long-gap oesophageal atresia.","authors":"Carlos Delgado-Miguel,&nbsp;Carlos De la Torre,&nbsp;Luis Castro,&nbsp;Francisco Hernández Oliveros","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2517","url":null,"abstract":"Riparazione di una fistola laringo-tracheo-esofagea di tipo III senza tracheostomia in neonato con atresia esofagea estesa.","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"291-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/96/aoi-2023-04-291.PMC10366560.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9973084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluating lymph node status in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chiara Bianchini,&nbsp;Matteo Caracciolo,&nbsp;Luca Urso,&nbsp;Andrea Ciorba,&nbsp;Anna Bonsembiante,&nbsp;Andrea Migliorelli,&nbsp;Virginia Corazzi,&nbsp;Ilaria Carandina,&nbsp;Naima Ortolan,&nbsp;Corrado Cittanti,&nbsp;Licia Uccelli,&nbsp;Stefano Pelucchi,&nbsp;Stefano Panareo,&nbsp;Mirco Bartolomei","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The presence of cervical lymph node metastases (CLNM) at diagnosis is one of the most relevant negative prognostic factors in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to analyse 2-deoxy-2[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) PET/CT findings for the identification of primary tumours and CLNM in a sample of patients affected by HNSCC. Moreover, a maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) threshold for the detection of CLNM was estimated. Clinical variables (i.e. smoking and alcohol habits), and tumour features (i.e. EBV and HPV positivity) were also evaluated in relation to FDG PET/CT findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analysed patients who underwent FDG PET/CT for HNSCC staging between 2015-2020 at the University Hospital of Ferrara. All patients had cytological or histological confirmation of suspected cervical lymph nodes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 65 patients were enrolled (53 males, 12 females, median age 65.7 years). CLNM of patients with smoking habit had significantly higher SUVmax values than those of patients with previous smoking habit and non-smokers (p = 0.04). p16 positive HNSCC demonstrated a trend for higher SUVmax values on CLNM, in comparison to p16 negative tumours (p = 0.089). ROC curve analysis identified 5.8 as the best cut-off value of SUVmax for the detection of CLNM (AUC = 0.62, sensitivity 71.4% and specificity 72.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FDG PET/CT is a useful tool to evaluate CLNM in patients with HNSCC, particularly in those with smoking habit and p16 positive disease. A SUVmax cut-off of 5.8, combined with the use of conventional radiological investigations, may represent a useful tool in the identification of CLNM.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 4","pages":"235-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/e9/aoi-2023-04-235.PMC10366561.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9971525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term complications associated with the management of sinonasal malignancies: a single center experience.","authors":"Einav G Levin,&nbsp;Sharon Tzelnick,&nbsp;Daniel Yaacobi,&nbsp;Igor Vainer,&nbsp;Aviram Mizrachi,&nbsp;Aron Popovtzer,&nbsp;Ethan Soudry","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N1902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N1902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to review the long-term complications associated with treatment of patients with sinonasal malignancies (SNMs) and risk factors for these complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of all patients treated for SNMs at a tertiary care center between 2001 and 2018. A total of 77 patients were included. The primary outcome measure was post-treatment long-term complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, long-term complications were identified in 41 patients (53%), and the most common were sinonasal (22 patients, 29%) and orbital/ocular-related (18 patients, 23%). In a multivariate regression analysis, irradiation was the only significant predictor of long-term complications (p = 0.001, OR = 18.86, CI = 3.31-107.6). No association was observed between long-term complications and tumour stage, surgical modality, or radiation dose/modality. Mean radiation dose ≥ 50 Gy to the optic nerve was associated with grade ≥ 3 visual acuity impairment (100% <i>vs</i> 3%; p = 0.006). Radiation therapy for disease recurrence was associated with additional long-term complications (56% <i>vs</i> 11%; p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatment of SNMs has substantial long-term complications, which are significantly associated with radiation therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 3","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/eb/57/aoi-2023-03-203.PMC10198366.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9613642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does vestibular function correlate with objective MRI findings after vestibular schwannoma surgery?","authors":"Zuzana Balatková,&nbsp;Markéta Bonaventurová,&nbsp;Rudolf Černý,&nbsp;Jiří Lisý,&nbsp;Silvie Brennerová,&nbsp;Vladimír Koucký,&nbsp;Veronika Bandúrová,&nbsp;Veronika Svobodová,&nbsp;Zdeněk Fík,&nbsp;Martin Komarc,&nbsp;Eva Mrázková,&nbsp;Klára Kučerová,&nbsp;Pavel Hermann,&nbsp;Zdeněk Čada","doi":"10.14639/0392-100X-N2367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-N2367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Vestibular schwannoma surgery leads to acute unilateral vestibular loss. In some patients, however, the process of post-operatively initiated central compensation proceeds more rapidly than in others. This study aimed to evaluate post-operative vestibular function and correlate it with morphological findings of MRI scans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 29 patients who underwent surgery for vestibular schwannoma. Vestibular function was analysed post-operatively by video head impulse test (vHIT). Subjective symptoms were evaluated using validated questionnaires. All patients underwent MRI 3 months post-operatively, and the presence of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves in the internal auditory canal was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vestibulo-ocular reflex gain measured by the vHIT correlated positively with audiological findings. Subjective perception of vestibular disorder did not correlate with objectively measured vestibular impairment or with MRI findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After the resection of vestibular schwannoma, some patients may still have preserved vestibular function as measured by vHIT. The preserved function does not correlate with subjective symptoms. Patients with partially deteriorated vestibular function showed lower sensitivity to combined stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":6890,"journal":{"name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica","volume":"43 3","pages":"212-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/49/aoi-2023-03-212.PMC10198369.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9613644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}