Acta Oto-LaryngologicaPub Date : 2025-02-01Epub Date: 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2025.2449598
Tuğba Yemiş, Mehmet Birinci, Metin Çeliker, Abdulkadir Özgür, Zerrin Özergin Coşkun, Oğuz Gül, Elif Ayten Tarakçı, Engin Dursun, Özlem Çelebi Erdivanlı
{"title":"Endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty: our long term results.","authors":"Tuğba Yemiş, Mehmet Birinci, Metin Çeliker, Abdulkadir Özgür, Zerrin Özergin Coşkun, Oğuz Gül, Elif Ayten Tarakçı, Engin Dursun, Özlem Çelebi Erdivanlı","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2449598","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2449598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myringoplasty is one of the treatments used for perforated tympanic membrane.</p><p><strong>Aim/objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the long-term anatomical and functional outcomes of patients who underwent endoscopic inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 74 patients who had undergone endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty were followed for at least five years. The evaluation included age, sex, duration of follow-up, perforation location, size, preoperative and postoperative pure tone audiometry thresholds (years 2 and 5), air-bone gap, follow-up complications, and postoperative graft and tympanic membrane status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 74 patients with a mean follow-up duration of 76.7 months (range: 60-125 months). The graft success rates were 89.1% at two years and 82.4% at five years postoperatively. There was a significant improvement in air conduction thresholds when comparing preoperative levels to those at two and five years postoperatively (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The air-bone gap showed a significant reduction from preoperative levels to those observed at two and five years postoperatively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>Our study demonstrates that endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty is safe and effective for achieving long-term anatomical and functional success. We recommend extending the follow-up period to five years with additional annual assessments thereafter.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"123-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Graf, Nathan Hürzeler, Lucas Wey, Hamidreza Mojallal, Christof Stieger, Andreas Arnold
{"title":"Influence of simulated adverse events of the floating mass transducer in a mechanical middle ear model.","authors":"Lukas Graf, Nathan Hürzeler, Lucas Wey, Hamidreza Mojallal, Christof Stieger, Andreas Arnold","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2451089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2451089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Vibrant Soundbridge Implant provides multiple options for coupling the Floating Mass Transducer (FMT) to the ossicles. A parametric evaluation in clinical trials is difficult.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>We studied the vibratory output of the FMT with three couplers-short process, former long process, and current long process-in an acoustic-mechanical middle ear model (AMEM) under simulated impaired coupling conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The AMEM, with life-sized ossicles, was tested <i>via</i> acoustic and electrical (FMT-) stimulation. Simulated impairments included accidental bone-contact, cable tension, and insufficient connection. Stapedial footplate vibrations were measured using Laser Doppler.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acoustic stimulation generally fulfilled the ASTM standard. With normal coupling, SP- and LP-couplers performed comparable to temporal bone data. Impaired coupling led to various effects: bone-contact reduced the transmission up to 20 dB, cable tension minimally affected SP and current LP couplers but reduced the sound transmission for the former LP coupler. Connecting the SP-coupler with only two of four titanium legs caused a single frequency dip without affecting overall magnitude, whereas off-axis LP fixation reduced the output by 15-20 dB around 1000 Hz.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>The AMEM generated reproducible, ASTM-compliant measurements. SP and current LP couplers showed resilience to potential FMT implantation impairments in most frequencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endoscopic transcanal butterfly cartilage myringoplasty outcome; which parameters affect long-term results?","authors":"Ünal Gökalp Işık, Ömer Tarık Selçuk, Gamze Öztürk Yılmaz, Hande Konşuk Ünlü, Erdem Atalay Çetinkaya, Hülya Eyigör","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2457404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2457404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endoscopic transcanal butterfly cartilage myringoplasty is a prominent procedure because surgeons can perform this operation without elevating the transmeatal flap.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate factors that affect endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty regarding graft success and hearing improvement and determine long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study included 86 patients who underwent surgery. The rates of graft success and hearing improvement were investigated, together with the effects of sex, age, operated side, and size and location of the perforation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall graft success was 83.7%. There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-operation in terms of hearing improvements at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Sex, age, operative side, and perforation size did not significantly affect graft success or hearing improvement (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The perforation location was significantly associated with graft success (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, the location of the perforation did not significantly affect hearing improvement (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endoscopic transcanal butterfly cartilage myringoplasty can be performed with a high graft success rate and improved hearing. However, surgeons should be more careful when treating patients with posterior perforations.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The location of the perforation is significantly related to graft success.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah Inez Houborg, Lisa Caulley, Padraig O'Leary, Tejs Ehlers Klug
{"title":"Translation and linguistic validation of the Glasgow Benefit Inventory into Danish.","authors":"Hannah Inez Houborg, Lisa Caulley, Padraig O'Leary, Tejs Ehlers Klug","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2455481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2455481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) is a widely used patient-reported outcome measure in otorhinolaryngology. A Danish version would serve as a validated tool for assessing quality of life among Danish patients after otorhinolaryngological interventions, enabling both cross-intervention, cross-country and cross-cultural comparisons.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and linguistically validate the GBI into Danish.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We followed the guidelines of the Quality of Life Special Interest Group - Translation and Cultural Adaptation Group established by ISPOR, to ensure a rigorous adaptation process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A Danish version of the GBI was developed in accordance with the guidelines. Minor adjustments were made to enhance clarity, consistency, and ease of use for Danish respondents. These modifications were carefully considered to preserve the original concepts and intent of the original questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>The GBI has been successfully translated, culturally adapted, and linguistically validated for use in Danish. This version provides a valuable tool for evaluating the impact of otorhinolaryngological operations/treatments by measuring the patient-reported outcomes in Danish otorhinolaryngology patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariela C Torrente, Natalia Tamblay, Javiera Herrada, Juan C Maass
{"title":"Prevalence and incidence of hearing loss in school-aged children in Santiago, Chile.","authors":"Mariela C Torrente, Natalia Tamblay, Javiera Herrada, Juan C Maass","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2451077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2451077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Countries need information about epidemiology of hearing loss along the lifespan to develop adequate health policies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Estimate prevalence of hearing loss in children six years old in the south-west area Santiago, Chile, and estimate incidence of late-onset hearing loss for the same population. Secondary objective: explore risk factors associated with hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study, recruitment of children between March and June 2022, public schools South-west area of Santiago, Chile, attending first grade. We employed DPOAE for screening of hearing loss, all subjects with uni or bilateral refer were assessed with otomicroscopy, tonal audiometry, and impedanciometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>588 children, 54.3% female, 45.7% male, mean age six years (SD .3). Estimated prevalence of all types of hearing loss 2.22% (IC95% 1.19-3.76), of permanent hearing loss 0.34% (IC95% 0.05-5.3), and incidence of late-onset hearing loss 0.17% (IC 95% 0.03-4.17) in six years. No risk factor was significant for hearing loss of any type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>Prevalence of hearing loss in first-grade children in Santiago, Chile, was higher than the rate reported for newborns in the same population, advocating for screening after the newborn period. Further research is needed to recommend a specific age range for re-screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scala tympani drill-out technique for oval window atresia with malformed facial nerve:update.","authors":"Xiaoyu Li, Qiaohui Lu, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2024.2416601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2024.2416601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In some rare cases of congenital aplasia of the oval window (OW), malformed facial nerve (FN) locations covering the most or entire OW present a challenge to hearing reconstruction, there is no a highly effective surgical hearing reconstruction methods.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>To update a Scala tympani drill-out technique (SDT) for abnormal FN course covering the OW.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>All patients of congenital atresia of the OW was recruited between August 2014 and July 2023 in a tertiary-care center. When it's inability to perform the vestibulotomy with FN covering the OW, The SDT surgery was made with a titanium TORP between the tympanic membrane and scala tympani fenestration for hearing reconstruction. Air conduction (AC) thresholds, bone conduction (BC) thresholds, and air-bone gap (ABG) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz pure tone frequencies were compared before and 3 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 patients underwent SDT surgery during the study period. All cases showed no bone conduction (BC) hearing loss, facial paralysis, tinnitus, or dizziness. The ABG has decreased by 21.2 ± 10.8 dB 3 month after operation. In the long term, three cases had the same hearing as pre-operative, three cases felt their hearing gradually decreased but better than pre-operative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>As a new and optional method, our results suggest an effective way to reconstruct hearing for middle ear deformities with FN occlusion, the short-term effect can be confirmed, while the long-term effect is mixed, and a large amount of clinical research is still needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on facial nerve regeneration.","authors":"Veysel Alparslan Gölcük, Lütfü Şeneldir","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2024.2433704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2024.2433704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of honey bee propolis, has been demonstrated in animal models and studies to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and cytoprotective properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the efficacy of CAPE, which we believe may be therapeutically useful in facial nerve restoration due to its neuroprotective and antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>20 Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into 4 primary and 2 secondary groups and assigned as control, methylprednisolone, CAPE, CAPE+methylprednisolone groups and the sham and the trauma groups. Except for the sham group, all groups had the left facial nerve crushed. Three weeks after surgery, prospective functional, electrophysiologic, and histologic recovery was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CAPE and CAPE+methylprednisolone group had similar and more significant recovery at Nerve Excitability Thresholds and achieved a significantly faster improvement in histopathological evaluation at the end of three weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>The combination of CAPE and methylprednisolone was found to be efficient in nerve regeneration in an experimental rat facial nerve crush model. Given the strong systemic adverse effects of methylprednisolone, the combination of CAPE may be a good alternative for lowering the dose of methylprednisolone and thereby reducing its negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco de Izaguirre, Mariana Del Castillo, Enrique D Ferreira, Hamlet Suárez
{"title":"Gait patterns in unstable older patients related with vestibular hypofunction. Preliminary results in assessment with time-frequency analysis.","authors":"Francisco de Izaguirre, Mariana Del Castillo, Enrique D Ferreira, Hamlet Suárez","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2450221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2450221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gait instability and falls significantly impact life quality and morbi-mortality in elderly populations. Early diagnosis of gait disorders is one of the most effective approaches to minimize severe injuries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To find a gait instability pattern in older adults through an image representation of data collected by a single sensor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 13 older adults (71-85 years old) with instability by vestibular hypofunction is compared to a sample of 19 adults (21-75 years old) without instability and normal vestibular function. Image representations of the gait signals acquired on a specific walk path were generated using a continuous wavelet transform and analyzed as a texture using grey level co-occurrence matrix metrics as features. A support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was used to discriminate subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First results show a good classification performance. According to analysis of extracted features, most information relevant to instability is concentrated in the medio-lateral acceleration (X axis) and the frontal plane angular rotation (Z axis gyroscope). Performing a ten-fold cross-validation through the first ten seconds of the sample dataset, the algorithm achieves a 92,3 F1 score corresponding to 12 true-positives, 1 false positive and 1 false negative.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This preliminary report suggests that the method has potential use in assessing gait disorders in controlled and non-controlled environments. It suggests that deep learning methods could be explored given the availability of a larger population and data samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intraoperative impedance and ECAP results in cochlear implant recipients with inner ear malformations and normal cochlear anatomy: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Merve İkiz Bozsoy, Aysun Parlak Kocabay, Betül Koska, Beyza Demirtaş Yılmaz, Merve Özses, Nizamettin Burak Avcı, Selvet Akkaplan, Zeynep Budak Ateş, Betül Çiçek Çınar, Mehmet Yaralı, Merve Özbal Batuk, Gonca Sennaroğlu, Levent Sennaroğlu","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2452346","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2452346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The intraoperative measurements are essential steps in cochlear implant (CI) surgery for confirming correct electrode placement.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the intraoperative impedance and electrically evoked action potential (ECAP) measurement results of cochlear implant (CI) users with normal cochlear anatomy (NCA) and to compare them with CI users with inner ear malformations (IEM).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included intraoperative data of 300 ears from 258 individuals using Medel<sup>®</sup> and Cochlear (Nucleus<sup>®</sup>) CI devices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Impedance values differed through all regions, and that differences in ECAPs results mainly stemmed from the basal region in Cochlear users, when comparing the impedance values and ECAPs recording prevalence between the NCA and IEM groups, it was observed that there was no significant difference in the impedance values across the intracochlear regions of the groups (apical; <i>p</i> = .26, middle; <i>p</i> = .12, basal; <i>p</i> = .99). However, it was found that the prevalence of measurable ECAPs in all intracochlear regions of the NCA group was higher than the IEM group (<i>p</i> = .000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>The robustness of cochlear structures is a crucial factor in the recording of ECAPs. Furthermore, findings in the IEM group demonstrated that proper placement of intracochlear electrodes did not guarantee effective auditory nerve stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical features and short-term outcomes of bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss: an eight-year experience at a tertiary center.","authors":"Yang Li, Jie Wang, Chungang Yu, Xiaoyu Ma","doi":"10.1080/00016489.2025.2451735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2025.2451735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) typically affects one ear and is often linked to various underlying causes. However, bilateral SSNHL (BSSHL), where both ears are affected, is much rarer and presents a more severe clinical challenge.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>To report the clinical features and short-term outcomes of patients with BSSHL.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The clinical features and outcomes of cases with BSSHL treated in between January 2016 and November 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1212 cases with SSNHL were collected, and only 24 cases showed BSSHL (2.0%). The average hearing thresholds before treatment in the simultaneous onset group were significantly higher than that of the sequential onset group (<i>p</i> < .05). After prednisolone therapy, the effective rate of cases treated within 7 days was 18.2%, significantly higher than that of cases (0%) treated after 7 days (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>BSSHL is more common in females and may be related to viral infection. Simultaneous BSSHL is more common than sequential BSSHL. Hearing loss in patients with simultaneous onset of BSSHL is more severe than those with sequential onset. Prednisolone treatment for BSSHL within 7 days is critical for recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":6880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}