{"title":"A Review of Computational Modeling of Fluid-Immersed Flexible Filaments","authors":"Divyaprakash, Mohit Garg, Ajeet Kumar, Amitabh Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00423-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00423-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrodynamics of slender flexible filaments plays an important role in biology, human physiology, locomotion of organisms, as well as biomedical devices. It is, therefore, important to utilize efficient and accurate numerical models for capturing fluid–structure interaction involving flexible slender structures for numerically simulating such biological systems. In this review article, several computational techniques for evolving the hydrodynamics of slender flexible filaments have been discussed. Special emphasis has been placed on continuous forcing immersed boundary method and slender body theory due to their utility in efficient simulation of thin rod-like filaments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"277 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mandeep Saini, Lucas Prouvost, Stephane Popinet, Daniel Fuster
{"title":"A Review of the Accuracy of Direct Numerical Simulation Tools for the Simulation of Non-Spherical Bubble Collapses","authors":"Mandeep Saini, Lucas Prouvost, Stephane Popinet, Daniel Fuster","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00427-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00427-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerical methods for the simulation of cavitation processes have been developed for more than 50 years. The rich variety of physical phenomena triggered by the collapse of a bubble has several applications in medicine and environmental science but requires the development of sophisticated numerical methods able to capture the presence of sharp interfaces between fluids and solid/elastic materials, the generation of shock waves and the development of non-spherical modes. One important challenge faced by numerical methods is the important temporal and scale separation inherent to the process of bubble collapse, where many effects become predominant during very short time lapses around the instant of minimum radius when the simulations are hardly resolved. In this manuscript, we provide a detailed discussion of the parameters controlling the accuracy of direct numerical simulation in general non-spherical cases, where a new theoretical analysis is presented to generalize existing theories on the prediction of the peak pressures reached inside the bubble during the bubble collapse. We show that the ratio between the gridsize and the minimum radius allows us to scale the numerical errors introduced by the numerical method in the estimation of different relevant quantities for a variety of initial conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"205 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational Models of the Fluid Mechanics of the Stomach","authors":"Sharun Kuhar, Rajat Mittal","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00421-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00421-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last 2 decades, the interest in developing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the stomach has grown steadily. This bean-shaped organ plays a key role in our digestive system by chemically and physically processing food before emptying it into the intestines. The stomach walls drive the flow of the contents to achieve mixing, grinding, and emptying of the contents. Most computational models prescribe the motion of the walls and solve for the flow field inside the lumen, but some recent models also incorporate fluid–structure interaction between the muscles and the contents. Some models employ a simplified two-dimensional or axisymmetric geometry, while others use anatomically realistic stomach shapes. The emptying mechanism employed by the model and the inclusion, or lack thereof, of the pylorus further add to the nonconformity among the different models. In this review, we summarise these different CFD models of the stomach available in the literature. A comparison between these models with regard to their complexity, validation, and specificity is presented. While there has been rapid progress in the past few years, computational models are still far behind their other physiological counterparts, such as cardiovascular flows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"65 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Volume of Fluid Method: A Brief Review","authors":"Ananthan Mohan, Gaurav Tomar","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00424-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00424-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding and predicting multiphase flows is of great relevance due to the ubiquitous nature of such flows in both nature and in many industrial applications. Rapid development of high speed computers and problem-specific algorithms in the last 2 decades has enabled the study of multiphase flows through numerical simulations. In this paper, we give a brief overview of different methods used in direct numerical simulations of two-phase flows. In particular, we focus on the volume of fluid (VOF) method used for locating and advecting the interface. VOF method is a mesh based interface capturing method in which a scalar function called void fraction field (which is the ratio of tracked fluid to the cell volume) is advected in order to track the interface position. A geometric VOF algorithm is detailed in this work. which strikes a balance between accuracy, ease of implementation and volume conservation on a structured grid. Another challenge in two-phase flow simulations is the inclusion of surface tension forces accurately. Here, we give a brief overview of Eulerian surface tension models and detail an approach balancing computational cost, curvature estimation and imposed timestep restriction. Finally, we discuss the most recent advances in VOF methods and outline the various numerical challenges we expect to encounter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"229 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. De Manabendra, Y. Sudhakar, Srinidhi Gadde, Deepthi Shanmugam, S. Vengadesan
{"title":"Bio-inspired Flapping Wing Aerodynamics: A Review","authors":"M. De Manabendra, Y. Sudhakar, Srinidhi Gadde, Deepthi Shanmugam, S. Vengadesan","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00420-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00420-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The design of micro aerial vehicles has been long inspired by biological flyers such as birds and insects. The aerodynamic principles of flapping wing flights are complex due to the rapid wing motion and the inherent complex vortex dynamics. Several experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out in the past decades to uncover the mechanisms responsible for the improved aerodynamic capability of flapping wings. This paper provides an overview of the aerodynamics of flapping insect wings. After providing a brief overview of the aerodynamics of a single wing, we discuss how the vortex dynamics are altered in the case of tandem wings. A significant challenge to designing a stable MAV is the environmental effects stemming from the gust and ground presence. In this paper, we present how the force generation is altered due to such effects. Moreover, we point out unsolved research questions on insect flight whose answers could greatly help to improve the design of flapping wing MAVs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"181 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of Interface-Driven Adaptivity for Phase-Field Modeling of Fluid–Structure Interaction","authors":"Biswajeet Rath, Xiaoyu Mao, Rajeev Jaiman","doi":"10.1007/s41745-024-00422-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-024-00422-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we systematically review interface-driven mesh adaptation procedures for the phase-field modeling of fluid–structure interaction problems. One of the popular ways of handling fluid–structure interaction problems involving large solid deformations is the fully Eulerian approach. In this procedure, we use a fixed computational grid over which a diffused interface description can be used to evolve the fluid–structure boundary. The Eulerian solid representation and a diffuse interface method necessitate the use of adaptive mesh refinement to achieve reasonable accuracy for the problem at hand. We explore the usage of mesh refinement techniques for such FSI problems and focus specifically on interface-driven adaptivity. We present comparisons among various error indicators for the adaptive procedure of the unstructured mesh. We finally explore some possible future directions and challenges in the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"303 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Insects: An Evolutionary Journey into Cooperation","authors":"Anoushka Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s41745-023-00418-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-023-00418-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article is a primer on social insects, and includes salient features of eusociality, its evolution and characteristics of a few social insects. It introduces William Morton Wheeler’s landmark book “Social Life Among the Insects,” whose centenary year of publication inspired the theme of this special issue of the Journal of the Indian Institute of Science. It also gives a brief description of research on fascinating social insects being carried out in India, and how so much is yet to be explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"103 4","pages":"943 - 948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Indian Tribute to William Morton Wheeler","authors":"Raghavendra Gadagkar","doi":"10.1007/s41745-023-00416-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-023-00416-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>William Morton Wheeler (1865–1937) was among the greatest experts on ants and his influence on the field of sociobiology, along with that of his academic grandson E.O. Wilson, is second to none. In 1923, Wheeler published his landmark book “<i>Social Life Among the Insects</i>” (Wheeler in Social Life among the Insects, Haracourt, Brace, New York, 1923), which marked the beginning of the modern study of insect societies. In this centenary year of its publication, we are honoured and proud to pay tribute to William Morton Wheeler.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"103 4","pages":"949 - 961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138716040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editor’s Desk","authors":"G. K. Ananthasuresh","doi":"10.1007/s41745-023-00417-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-023-00417-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"103 4","pages":"939 - 942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Tale of Two Wasps and Why We Should Listen to It","authors":"Sujata Deshpande, Anindita Bhadra","doi":"10.1007/s41745-023-00415-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41745-023-00415-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hymenopterans present a fascinating diversity of social organisation, from solitary individuals building unprotected nests like the potter wasps to the very complex and highly organised societies of honey bees and most ants. A large number of paper wasps have intermediate levels of social complexity, and are designated as primitively eusocial, as they lack a morphologically distinct queen caste. Nevertheless, they have behaviourally distinct queens and workers, and are excellent model systems for understanding the intermediate steps in the process of social evolution, from solitary to complex social systems. Of the many facets of social organisation, the regulation of work in the colony and the establishment and maintenance of reproductive monopoly are the two aspects that are the most intriguing to sociobiologists<i>. Ropalidia marginata</i> and <i>Ropalidia cyathiformis</i> are two species of closely related paper wasps that are found in peninsular India, in the same habitat, and have much overlap in their ecology and ethology. However, this duo is also an interesting study in contrast in several aspects of social behaviour. Hence, together, they present an excellent opportunity for comparative study, to identify crucial steps in social evolution. In this article, we provide an overview of a series of studies that have been conducted by Prof. Raghavendra Gadagkar and his team over 4 decades at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, to unravel the evolutionary tale that these two species together elucidate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":675,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Institute of Science","volume":"103 4","pages":"1065 - 1092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138573141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}