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Four-Junction Wafer Bonded Solar Cells for Space Applications 空间应用的四结晶圆键合太阳能电池
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049265
G. Siefer, Paul Beutel, D. Lackner, E. Oliva, F. Predan, M. Schachtner, F. Dimroth, O. Ledoux, E. Guiot
{"title":"Four-Junction Wafer Bonded Solar Cells for Space Applications","authors":"G. Siefer, Paul Beutel, D. Lackner, E. Oliva, F. Predan, M. Schachtner, F. Dimroth, O. Ledoux, E. Guiot","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049265","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrator solar cells with efficiencies up to 46.1 % have been developed in a collaboration between Fraunhofer ISE, SOITEC and CEA-LETI using a fourjunction cell structure of GaInP/(Al)GaAs//GaInAsP/GaInAs joint by wafer bonding. The bottom tandem cell is based on the InP lattice constant, whereas the top tandem is realized on GaAs. In this paper we report on the potential of this cell architecture for space applications. Therefore, several solar cell wafers with adapted subcell bandgap energy and thickness were processed and characterized, measuring begin-of-life efficiencies up to 35.2 % under AM0 spectral conditions.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79150910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Narrow Bandgap Dilute Nitride Materials for 6-junction Space Solar Cells 用于6结空间太阳能电池的窄带隙稀氮化材料
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049263
R. Isoaho, A. Aho, A. Tukiainen, T. Aho, M. Raappana, T. Salminen, Jarno Reuna, M. Guina
{"title":"Narrow Bandgap Dilute Nitride Materials for 6-junction Space Solar Cells","authors":"R. Isoaho, A. Aho, A. Tukiainen, T. Aho, M. Raappana, T. Salminen, Jarno Reuna, M. Guina","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049263","url":null,"abstract":"Narrow bandgap p-i-n dilute nitride GaInNAsSb junctions, for use as bottom cell in 6-junction solar cells, are reported. In particular, we demonstrate a high optical quality for GaInNAsSb junction with a bandgap ~0.78 eV, corresponding to a N content of 6.2%. Under AM0 illumination, such cell exhibits a photocurrent of 36.6 mA/cm2. By extracting the parameters of the experimental cell, we estimate the the AM0 efficiency of a 6-junction multijunction solar cell employing the GaInNAsSb junction, to attain a value of 33%. Further improvements are discussed towards achieving the full potential of the 6-junction design.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88544580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Degradation of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Aerospace 航空航天锂离子电池的退化
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049261
Linda J. Bolay, T. Schmitt, O. S. Mendoza-Hernandez, Y. Sone, A. Latz, Birger Horstmann
{"title":"Degradation of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Aerospace","authors":"Linda J. Bolay, T. Schmitt, O. S. Mendoza-Hernandez, Y. Sone, A. Latz, Birger Horstmann","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049261","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion batteries are the technology of choice for a broad range of applications due to their performance and long-term stability. The performance and durability of lithiumion batteries is impacted by various degradation mechanisms. These include the growth of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the deposition of metallic lithium on the surface of the negative electrode, referred to as lithium plating. For both processes we develop physically based models. In this contribution we develop a model to describe the performance and lifetime of the batteries of in-orbit satellite REIMEI developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. We extend an existing model for SEI growth and incorporate it into a model for fresh cells. Then we simulate the degradation of batteries under cycling in 1D and 3D. To validate the model, we use experimental and in-flight data of the batteries. We show inhomogeneities in the SEI thickness after cycling.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86030180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Back Reflector with Diffractive Gratings for Light-Trapping in Thin-Film III-V Solar Cells 带衍射光栅的后反射器用于薄膜III-V型太阳能电池的光捕获
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049262
T. Aho, A. Tukiainen, F. Elsehrawy, S. Ranta, M. Raappana, A. Aho, R. Isoaho, F. Cappelluti, M. Guina
{"title":"Back Reflector with Diffractive Gratings for Light-Trapping in Thin-Film III-V Solar Cells","authors":"T. Aho, A. Tukiainen, F. Elsehrawy, S. Ranta, M. Raappana, A. Aho, R. Isoaho, F. Cappelluti, M. Guina","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049262","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the development of light-trapping architectures applied to thin-film solar cells. In particular, we focus on enhancing the absorption at 1-eV spectral range for dilute nitride and quantum dot materials and report on the influence of planar back reflectors on the photovoltaic properties. Moreover, we discuss the properties of polymer diffraction gratings with enhanced light-trapping capability pointing to advantageous properties of pyramidal gratings. In order to understand the suitability of these polymer grating architectures for space applications, we have performed an electron irradiation study (1 MeV) revealing the absence of reflectance changes up to doses of 1×1015 e-/cm2.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81287214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Design and Optimization of Radiation-Hardened Isolated Converters for Jovian Environments 木星环境下抗辐射隔离转换器的设计与优化
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049260
A. Amirahmadi, Ansel Barchowsky, C. Stell, Elvis Merida, A. Ulloa-Severino, G. Carr
{"title":"Design and Optimization of Radiation-Hardened Isolated Converters for Jovian Environments","authors":"A. Amirahmadi, Ansel Barchowsky, C. Stell, Elvis Merida, A. Ulloa-Severino, G. Carr","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049260","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and optimization of a class of flexible, high efficiency, multiple output capable, radiation-hardened isolated DC/DC converters for Jovian environments. The proposed converters achieve lower electromagnetic emission, better thermal management and higher efficiency. A new series of radiation-hardened isolated GaN gate driver circuit is proposed for space applications. Experimental results based on two prototype units implemented in the laboratory verify the performance of the proposed isolated converters.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"72 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Overview of the issues related to the use of Radioisotope Power Systems in European space missions 与在欧洲空间任务中使用放射性同位素动力系统有关的问题概述
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049264
Christophe Fongarland, R. Ambrosi, Alessandra Barco, L. Jourdainne, Cédric Lemarié, K. Stephenson, H. Williams
{"title":"Overview of the issues related to the use of Radioisotope Power Systems in European space missions","authors":"Christophe Fongarland, R. Ambrosi, Alessandra Barco, L. Jourdainne, Cédric Lemarié, K. Stephenson, H. Williams","doi":"10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC47532.2019.9049264","url":null,"abstract":"Space nuclear power is the most viable energy source for some space missions, such as the exploration of outer planets or the exploration of a planetary surface with long day/night cycles. Thanks to high energy densities, certain isotopes can generate considerable amounts of heat for long time periods, independently of insolation levels; this heat can be converted into electrical power, or used to keep suitable temperatures inside the spacecraft. However, the presence of radioactive material implies new requirements, to properly manage all the aspects related to safety. A common European safety framework is required for Europe and ESA to independently manage radioisotope power systems: a significant amount of programmatic effort in many domains and by different entities will therefore be required, but the long and wide-ranging experience of other countries in dealing with space nuclear power systems could be an appropriate starting point.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91225137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Demonstration of Improved Fuse Clearing Energy when Augmented by Ultra-Fast eFUSE Protection 采用超快速熔丝保护后熔丝清除能量的改进演示
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932007
T. Meade, Owen Watry, J. Colley, Younes Lotfi
{"title":"Demonstration of Improved Fuse Clearing Energy when Augmented by Ultra-Fast eFUSE Protection","authors":"T. Meade, Owen Watry, J. Colley, Younes Lotfi","doi":"10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents work performed to evaluate the efficacy of an ultra-fast electrically resettable fuse (eFUSE) controller toward protecting satellite busses and extending the operating life of traditional fuses in the presence of short circuit events. A brief explanation of traditional fuses and the eFUSE controller is provided. The paper walks through the lab test apparatus and stress stimuli used in the study. The lab demonstration explored burnout and resistance increase of very fast-acting metal fuses to steady-state and pulsed short-circuit events with and without augmented protection from an ultra-fast eFUSE controller.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75582698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Average Current Control with Asymmetrical Sawtooth or Peak Current Control 平均电流控制与不对称锯齿或峰值电流控制
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932084
C. Delepaut, H. Carbonnier
{"title":"Average Current Control with Asymmetrical Sawtooth or Peak Current Control","authors":"C. Delepaut, H. Carbonnier","doi":"10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932084","url":null,"abstract":"Conductance control within SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) is typically implemented relying either on the ACC (Average Current Control) or on the PCC (Peak Current Control) technique. An in-depth analysis of the PCC dynamics has been published in the past, highlighting that such technique responds to a feedback control loop scheme covered by Laplace transfer functions properly modelling the limited switching frequency effects. The present paper consists in the dynamic analysis of ACC based on asymmetrical sawtooth, proceeding by similarity with the PCC analysis. It is shown that these ACC and PCC techniques are described by the same differential equations, hence that they pertain to a unique control technique. The bandwidth and stability margins of that closed-loop control technique are subsequently investigated, demonstrating that ACC has a phase margin larger than 60°, while PCC dynamic performance extends beyond ACC with larger bandwidth frequency at a price of lower phase margin. The paper further stresses the differences between Laplace transfer functions relevant to time-discrete and analogue systems, and why they shall be considered separately. Time simulations are finally reported and specific provisions for proper measurement of stability margins on electronic breadboard are indicated.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"105 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81808339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Improved Power Transformer Performance using Leakage Inductance Shielding 利用漏感屏蔽改善电力变压器性能
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932074
T. Strous, G. Simonelli
{"title":"Improved Power Transformer Performance using Leakage Inductance Shielding","authors":"T. Strous, G. Simonelli","doi":"10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932074","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel technique to reduce the leakage inductance in transformers for switch mode power supplies. By introducing the leakage inductance shield, that reduces the leakage flux by means of Eddy current shielding, the leakage inductance is reduced by almost 15 % in a transformer for a 100 W, 100 kHz flyback converter. Analysis showed that this reduction in leakage flux is insufficient to fully mitigate the large voltage spikes and ringing in the circuits, caused by the leakage inductance. However, a small improvement in efficiency of a flyback converter can be achieved. It is concluded that the leakage inductance shield is simple to implement and can effectively decrease transformer leakage inductance, additional benefits to reduced electromagnetic interference can be expected as well, but were not proven in this paper.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73388298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Critical technologies for Q-band EPCs q波段epc关键技术
2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932087
Scherb Volker, Nathan Adolf, Blatt Sébastien
{"title":"Critical technologies for Q-band EPCs","authors":"Scherb Volker, Nathan Adolf, Blatt Sébastien","doi":"10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932087","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of the study “Critical Technologies for Q-Band EPCs” (contract no. 4000114540/15/NL/US). The objective of the activity was the development and demonstration by hardware of critical technologies and sub-assemblies needed for Q-band EPCs. Evaluation and final tests of the HV module are presented. Some deviations from the standard EPC test results were observed (e.g. voltage ripples, switch on and critical pressure behavior) and will be discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":6734,"journal":{"name":"2019 European Space Power Conference (ESPC)","volume":"114 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76098851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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