Journal of Materials Science最新文献

{"title":"Review: nanofiltration membranes for Mg2+/Li+ separation from brines: mechanisms and advanced design strategies","authors":"Tingting Yue,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Shujuan Xiao,&nbsp;Yifei Wu,&nbsp;Shouwu Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13820-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13820-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Against the growing demand for lithium resources driven by the global energy transition, lithium extraction from salt-lake brines has attracted increasing attention. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, owing to their low energy consumption and tunable selectivity, show great potential for Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation in high Mg²⁺/Li⁺ ratio brines. However, the similar physicochemical properties of Mg²⁺ and Li⁺, together with the complex multi-ion environment, make efficient separation highly challenging. This review summarizes the recent advances in NF membranes for Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation, focusing on the underlying mechanisms, including size sieving, Donnan exclusion, dielectric effects, and ion competition. Membrane design strategies are discussed from the perspectives of substrate regulation, interfacial polymerization, and structural optimization of polyamide (PA) layers. Emerging systems such as charged membranes, Janus membranes, biomimetic membranes, and sub-nanometer channels are highlighted for their enhanced selectivity. The effects of operating conditions and coexisting ions are also addressed to reflect realistic brine conditions. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in membrane stability, fouling resistance, and performance under high salinity. This review also provides perspectives on the future development of nanofiltration membranes for Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 44","pages":"34506 - 34534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel trinuclear palladium mixed-ligand complex: synthesis, characterization, and application for optoelectronic improvement of chitosan","authors":"Karzan A. Abdalkarim,&nbsp;Hanar Q. Hassan,&nbsp;Dyari M. Mamand,&nbsp;Faraidoon K. Kadir,&nbsp;Hawkar A. Mohammed,&nbsp;Hewa O. Ghareeb,&nbsp;Diary I. Tofiq,&nbsp;Mohanad H. Masad,&nbsp;Shujahadeen B. Aziz","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13771-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13771-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel trinuclear mixed-ligand Pd(II) complex was efficiently prepared via a one-pot reaction and loaded into a chitosan (CS) matrix to form functional composite films that exhibit remarkably improved optoelectronic properties. The complex, which has a 1:3:3 (Tpt:Pd:PyDT) ratio and square planar geometry around each Pd(II) center, is an efficient band-gap engineering agent. Intriguingly, this metal complex-doped chitosan showed a redshift in its absorption spectrum, an increase in its refractive index and dielectric constant, and a reduction in the chitosan's optical band gap from 5.52 eV to 2.65 eV, turning it from an insulator to a semiconductor. The improvements are due to the creation of localized electronic states within the forbidden band gap, which enable charge transfer via new intermolecular interactions. The experimental results were confirmed by DFT calculations, which showed that the gap between the HOMO and the LUMO levels decreases in the composite and the dipole moment increases. The work presented here is an environmentally friendly, sustainable method for creating advanced polymer composites with tunable optical properties that can be used in photonic and optoelectronic devices, thereby providing an alternative to modifying polymer composites with ceramics or nanoparticles.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33597 - 33625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospinning parameters regulate cellulose acetate nanofiber morphology: molecular dynamics simulation study and experimental verification","authors":"Weijie Li,&nbsp;Hengwei Xiong,&nbsp;Kangwen Shi,&nbsp;Jiaxin Li,&nbsp;Yang Yuan,&nbsp;Youqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13757-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13757-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Controlling the morphology of electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers is highly dependent on process parameters; however, the molecular-scale physicochemical mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Therefore, a combined approach of molecular dynamics simulations and experiments was employed to investigate the microscopic mechanisms of morphology control from the perspectives of hydrogen bond network evolution, molecular chain dynamics, and electric field-induced conformational changes. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that an increase in CA concentration enhances hydrogen bonding and restricts molecular chain motion, contributing to an increase in fiber diameter and a morphological transition from a bead-like to a continuous state; the DMAc/acetone ratio can regulate the equilibrium of hydrogen bonding competition, and when the ratio is 1:2, solvation and molecular entanglement achieve optimal matching; an electric field can induce dynamic hydrogen bond breaking and promote molecular chain extension, thereby achieving fiber refinement. Simulations and experiments consistently show that under conditions of 14 wt% concentration, DMAc/acetone = 1:2, and 20 kV, the hydrogen bond network, molecular chain entanglement, and electric field stretching achieved optimal synergy, resulting in smooth and uniform fiber surfaces with the smallest coefficient of variation in diameter. This study provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of hydrogen bond networks, molecular chain behavior, and electric field intensity on the morphology of fibers. It not only provides theoretical support and new insights for controlling the preparation of cellulose-based electrospun nanomaterials but also deepens the understanding of the structural relationship between spinning parameters and fiber morphology at the molecular level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33670 - 33695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: nanocellulose-based hydrogels for heavy metal removal from water","authors":"Rui Zuo,&nbsp;Shuwen Wu,&nbsp;Die Sun,&nbsp;Yanxia Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13763-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13763-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal contamination in aquatic environments has emerged as a critical global environmental concern due to its high toxicity, non-biodegradability, and bioaccumulation risks. Conventional adsorbents generally suffer from limited adsorption capacity, poor recyclability, and non-sustainable feedstock sources, which restrict their large-scale application. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in nanocellulose-based hydrogels for heavy metal removal from water. The preparation and modification strategies of nanocellulose, construction approaches of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)– and cellulose nanofibril (CNF)– based hydrogels, adsorption performance, stimuli-responsive functional design, and low-cost production routes using agricultural waste feedstocks are comprehensively discussed. Distinct adsorption mechanisms underpinning the two hydrogel systems are elucidated: CNC-based hydrogels achieve synergistic adsorption via crystal surface functional groups and composite networks, enabling complexation and ion exchange, whereas CNF-based hydrogels exhibit synergistic effects through continuous fiber networks, mass transfer, and surface binding, mainly driven by electrostatic attraction and pore entrapment. Furthermore, the current status and remaining gaps for practical wastewater treatment are critically assessed. Finally, existing challenges including scalable low-cost preparation and antifouling performance in complex water matrices are outlined, and future development directions are proposed to facilitate the engineering translation of this green adsorbent technology.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33431 - 33460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Modified glasses based on P2O5–CaO system, their dissolution behavior and structure","authors":"Tomáš Pipota,&nbsp;Aleš Helebrant","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13819-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13819-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"34344 - 34344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-026-13819-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusion in the liquid Al–In alloy when approaching the miscibility gap","authors":"Toni Schiller,&nbsp;Benedikt Reiplinger,&nbsp;Asbjørn Torsvik Krüger,&nbsp;Elke Sondermann,&nbsp;Andreas Meyer","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13727-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13727-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monotectic alloys offer the potential to produce materials with exceptional functional properties due to their demixing behavior. To understand and control the formation of the final microstructure, knowledge of the dynamics near the miscibility gap is required. We measured interdiffusion in liquid Al–In using a combination of X-ray radiography and a shear cell furnace, which allows in situ observation of the diffusion process. While the temperature dependence of interdiffusion can be described by an Arrhenius function, its concentration dependence is unexpectedly weak. From thermodynamics, a steep decrease of interdiffusion close to the miscibility gap is expected. However, the kinetic behavior of the liquid alloy, mainly determined by the self-diffusion coefficients, seems to largely compensate for this decrease. This finding is supported by additional density measurements. Studying the density in liquid Al–In up to a concentration of 20 at% In at temperatures between 850 and 1400 K shows that the temperature dependence of density, as well as the thermal expansion, for each alloy composition under consideration is the same inside and outside the miscibility gap. Significant deviation from ideality is obtained for the concentration dependences of density. This is reflected in a negative excess volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"34015 - 34026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-026-13727-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-temperature electroless route for in-situ growth of ZnO re-entrant nanostructures for scalable omniphobic hollow fiber membranes in wetting-resistant membrane distillation","authors":"Rendy Muhamad Iqbal,&nbsp;Zhong Sheng Tai,&nbsp;Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman,&nbsp;Nur Dhuhaa Tajul Arifin,&nbsp;Nur Aina Shazana,&nbsp;Mazlinda Ab Rahman,&nbsp;Wan Nurul Ffazida Wan Mustapa,&nbsp;Farahdila Kadirkhan,&nbsp;Mohd Hafiz Puteh,&nbsp;Juhana Jaafar,&nbsp;Mukhlis A Rahman,&nbsp;Ahmad Fauzi Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13735-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13735-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Omniphobic membrane for membrane distillation (MD) has been widely reported, yet their practical deployment remains limited by weak nanoparticle adhesion, multistep fabrication, and high-temperature synthesis route. In this work, we introduce a low-temperature electroless deposition (ELD) strategy to directly grow strongly adhered ZnO re-entrant nanostructure on PVDF hollow fiber, enabling scalable fabrication for mechanically robust omniphobic membrane. The ELD process operates below 90 °C and promotes in-situ crystal nucleation on a catalytic surface, producing uniformly anchored ZnO structure with tunable morphology. By adjusting zinc precursor concentration (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 M), rod-like and prism-type nanostructure were generated, allowing control over surface roughness, air layer stability, and mass transfer resistance. The membrane prepared using 0.1 M precursor exhibited the most balanced performance, combining high liquid entry pressure (5.8 bar), omniphobic wetting resistance (contact angle &gt; 112° for multiple low surface tension liquids), and stable vapor transport. During membrane distillation using saline feed containing humic acid, the optimized membrane showed only 4.6% short-term flux decline and 13% decline over 24 h while maintaining almost 100% salt rejection. These results demonstrate that electroless deposition provides a potentially scalable and energy-efficient route to fabricate durable omniphobic MD membranes with improved structural stability compared to previously reported nanoparticle-coated systems. The ELD process operates under low-temperature and ambient pressure conditions, offering practical advantages for continuous membrane fabrication and future industrial deployment. The membrane also exhibited stable performance throughout 24 h of DCMD operation, demonstrating promising operational durability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33553 - 33573"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of (Zn0.5Ti0.5)3+ substitution on the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of cordierite-based ceramics","authors":"Xinchen Yang,&nbsp;Zhihong Wu,&nbsp;Xiao Yang,&nbsp;Boyuanda Peng,&nbsp;Zhenhua Yan,&nbsp;Xuzhao Guo,&nbsp;Libiao Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13715-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13715-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the rapid advancement of 5G/6G wireless communication and terahertz technologies, the development of microwave dielectric ceramics with excellent dielectric properties and promising application potential has become a major research focus. Ionic doping, as an effective approach for property modulation, has been widely employed to optimize the dielectric performance of microwave dielectric ceramics. In this work, Mg₂Al_4-x(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)_xSi₅O₁₈ ceramics were successfully fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method, and their phase composition, structural evolution, and microwave dielectric properties were systematically investigated. The results reveal that Zn/Ti co-doping was successfully incorporated into the cordierite lattice, leading to the formation of a stable solid solution, while a secondary MgAl₂O₄ phase appeared with increasing doping content. The optimized formulation demonstrated outstanding microwave dielectric performance, yielding a relative permittivity (<i>ε</i>_r) of 4.482, a quality factor–resonant frequency product (<i>Q</i>×<i>f</i>) of 55772 GHz, and a resonant frequency temperature coefficient (<i>τ</i>_<i>f</i>) of − 19.7 ppm/℃. The increase in <i>ε</i>_r is mainly attributed to the improved relative density, the formation of the secondary phase, and the enhanced polarizability of (Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)³⁺. The remarkable enhancement in <i>Q</i>×<i>f</i> is closely related to the increased relative density, the formation of the secondary phase, the reduced full width at half maximum (FWHM), and the improved crystal structural symmetry. A pronounced correlation was observed between the <i>τ</i>_<i>f</i> value, the structural distortion of the [MgO₆] octahedra, and the occurrence of the secondary phase. Furthermore, to evaluate its potential for 5G communication applications, a microstrip antenna operating at 4.97 GHz was designed based on the developed ceramic, demonstrating its potential for wireless communication applications and providing new insights into the modification of cordierite-based microwave dielectric ceramics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33461 - 33478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Ni–P–B/Cu/Ag–SH coated Kevlar® fabric with highly hydrophobic and self-cleaningity and excellent electromagnetic interference shielding performance","authors":"Ruicheng Bai,&nbsp;Jieren Luo,&nbsp;Shuli Yu,&nbsp;Pei Zhang,&nbsp;Shanliang Tao,&nbsp;Le Sun,&nbsp;Qinsi Shao","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13565-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13565-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work reports the fabrication of a multifunctional highly hydrophobic and self-cleaning electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabric (denoted as Ag–SH/Cu/Ni–P–B/Kevlar®) using thin Kevlar® fabric as the substrate. A Pd-free sequential surface modification strategy was developed, involving interfacial activation, electroless nickel–phosphorus–boron (Ni–P–B) plating, copper (Cu) deposition, silver-ammonia surface treatment, and subsequent 1-dodecanethiol grafting. The hierarchical metallic coatings are uniformly constructed on the Kevlar® fibers, forming a continuous conductive network together with a low-surface-energy outer layer. The final composite fabric exhibits an average EMI shielding effectiveness of approximately 102.55 dB in the X band with a total thickness of 0.45 mm. Quantitative shielding analysis indicates that the EMI shielding behavior is reflection-dominant, while conduction loss, interfacial polarization, and internal scattering provide supplementary attenuation. After thiol modification, the water contact angle reaches about 147.2°, demonstrating high hydrophobicity, self-cleaning behavior, and improved environmental stability. These results indicate that the present multilayer textile is a promising candidate for flexible protective EMI shielding applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 43","pages":"33650 - 33669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: surface degradation and structure–property evolution of biodegradable polymer mulch films","authors":"Minghe Li,&nbsp;Guomin Wei,&nbsp;Bo Cui,&nbsp;Wencui Xiu","doi":"10.1007/s10853-026-13764-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10853-026-13764-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biodegradable polymer mulch films offer a potential approach to reducing persistent plastic residues in agricultural soils, but their application requires a balance between in-service stability and controllable post-use degradation. This review examines material systems, aging environments, surface degradation, multiscale failure mechanisms, structure–property relationships, and assessment strategies for biodegradable mulch films. Particular attention is given to how photo-oxidation, hydrolysis, microbial activity, and coupled environmental stressors drive chain scission, crystallinity evolution, interfacial debonding, crack and pore formation, and deterioration of mechanical, barrier, wettability, and optical performance. A multiscale framework is proposed to link chemical structure, solid-state structure, surface defects, macroscopic properties, and service functionality. Quantitative defect analysis and interpretable machine-learning-assisted assessment are further highlighted for aging-level classification and service-performance prediction. Future research should integrate field-relevant coupled aging, standardized defect metrics, mechanistic modeling, and multiscale data fusion to achieve predictable service life and controllable environmental fate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"61 44","pages":"34379 - 34411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}