自我保健最新文献

{"title":"An Initial View of Self-Help Groups for Japanese Alcoholics: Danshukai in its Historical, Social, and Cultural Contexts","authors":"R. Chenhall, T. Oka","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.2.B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.2.B","url":null,"abstract":"Danshukai is Japan’s largest self-help/mutual-aid group for alcoholics, with approximately 10,000 members nationwide. This article aims to examine Danshukai in the Tokyo area. While leaders of Danshukai in the 1950s were inspired by Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), it was AA’s general structure and not its therapeutic content that was translated into the Japanese context. For therapeutic content Danshukai turned to existing cultural understandings within Japanese society, and made the “meeting” pivotal to recovery. In Danshukai, alcoholics manage their dependence by changing their social routines by “belonging” to Danshukai and attending meetings, paying membership fees, and sharing stories about the damaging effects of alcohol among members. Recovery is not an individual journey, but is inclusive of the family in the therapeutic process. Danshukai also provides service to help alcoholics in need who are outside their membership. At the individual level, service is more local, being linked to supporting the family through recovery. *This research was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Richard Chenhall was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Postdoctoral Fellows #18-06722 and Tomofumi Oka by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) #19530513.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"20 1","pages":"111-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82526893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribute to Dr. C. Everett Koop, U.S. Surgeon General","authors":"T. Borkman","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.4.C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.4.C","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"23 1","pages":"299-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85915536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Special Issues on Cross-Cultural Aspects of Self-Help/Mutual Aid","authors":"T. Borkman","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.1.D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.1.D","url":null,"abstract":"The special call for papers on the cross-cultural aspects of self-help/mutual aid began in mid-2007 with the solicitation of manuscripts from a variety of social science listservs and professional associations including ones in anthropology, sociology, public health, and community psychology. Ten interesting papers have survived the blind peer review and revise and resubmit process and will be published in three special issues of this journal. The issues are truly international as we have authors from Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Norway, Sweden, and the United States; their research includes those countries as well as Malawi, Africa. My vision for these special issues was inspired by several papers presented at the International Conference on Self-Help/Mutual Aid in Ottawa, Canada in 1992. First, Benjamin Gidron and Mark Chesler’s (1994) paper “ Universal and Particular Attributes of Self-Help: A Framework for International and Intranational Analysis” was and remains the first broad and inclusive framework for investigating self-help/mutual aid comparatively and globally. While the research on self-help/mutual aid during the last three decades has increased our understanding of its variety, its internal processes and its benefits to participants, most research known to us and our readers has been conducted within one country, especially the United States, Canada or Europe. In contrast, the systematic comparative study of self-help/mutual aid in different cultural, social, and health care contexts which Gidron and Chesler advocated is in its infancy. These special issues address those lacunae.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"24 1","pages":"9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84976188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotores-Focused Screening and Education to Improve Diabetes Awareness and Self-Care in Low-Income Latino Intergenerational Families","authors":"J. Seliger, Audrey L. Simons, C. Maida","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.3.C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.3.C","url":null,"abstract":"Project ALTO-D (Alert Latinos To Overcome Diabetes), a 3-year capacity building and demonstration project, targeted low-income Latino American and Latino immigrant adults and intergenerational families at high-risk for or living with type 2 diabetes. The project took place in a 9-square-mile medium-high density urban area with a population of about 300,000 in the northeast San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. Project ALTO-D screened anyone 18 and older voluntarily presenting at screening venues (churches, parent centers at area elementary schools, and parks). Promotores de Salud (“health promoters”) provided post-screening assistance and invited those screened to participate in the primary intervention: Project ALTO-D screened 2,240 participants for diabetes and Promotores provided accompanied referral and case management assistance to 537 (70%) of 765 participants found by the screening to have non-fasting blood glucose levels of 120 and above. A total of 737 persons participated in the Project-developed and -sponsored 16-hour Estilo de Vida Saludable con Diabetes (EVS) (“Healthier Lifestyles with Diabetes”) course. Of those 265 persons completing 12 hours","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"8 1","pages":"227-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83473650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telephone Hotlines for Men in Japan","authors":"M. Maruyama, E. Mankowski","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.2.C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.2.C","url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of this study were to identify telephone hotline programs specifically for men in Japan and to describe their structure, characteristics, and practices. Using the internet and snowball sampling, we identified 17 telephone hotlines. The hotlines were established within approximately the past 10 years. Callers learn about the hotlines from a variety of sources, including government and private websites, newspapers, doctors, and callers’ family members. Programs are largely staffed by volunteer and paid male staff with either non-professional or professional backgrounds. The hotlines are typically open about 6 hours per month. They provide free support resources, including psychological counseling, information, and referral to relevant legal and other organizations. These findings are discussed in the context of traditional Japanese cultural values about gender and helping. By considering how belief and value systems are accommodated and assimilated by culturally diverse individuals and groups, telephone hotlines and self-help/mutual-aid groups can be more effective. Japan faces social and health problems related to interpersonal violence that until recently have not been widely discussed. The number of reported domestic violence incidents, child maltreatment, elder abuse, other violent crimes and suicide are significantly increasing every year in Japan (Gender Equality Bureau, Cabinet Office, 2005; Kobayashi, 2004; Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, 153 2009, Baywood Publishing Co., Inc. doi: 10.2190/SH.5.2.c http://baywood.com 2005a, 2005b; Ministry of Justice, 2007). As with violent crime in other countries, men in Japan are far more likely to perpetrate most of these forms of violence than women. One distinctive aspect of male violence in Japan which raises concern is the rate of suicide. The prevalence of suicide among men is roughly twice as high in Japan than the United States and many industrially advanced countries in Europe. The suicide incidence of Japanese in 2004 was 35.6 for males and 12.8 for females per 100,000 (WHO, 2007). Today, Japan has the third highest incidence of male suicide and the second highest of female suicide in the world (Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, 2005a). People in Japan are approximately five times as likely to commit suicide as to be killed in a traffic accident (Curtin, 2004). Not only is the number of men who commit suicide increasing, but also those that injure or kill others, most typically family members. For instance, 26,569 child maltreatment cases were reported in 2003 while just 1,101 cases were reported in 1990 (Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, 2005b). According to the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (2004), most reported child abuse incidents are perpetrated by biological parents (53.8% by biological mothers and 18.2% by biological fathers). The number of reported domestic violence cases has also significantly increased in recent years. While only 309 incident","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"16 1","pages":"153-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87042611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rituals of Trust to Counteract Double Legacies of Deceit and Denial among Recovering Drug Addicts in Post-Soviet Hungary: An Experience Report","authors":"M. Seltzer, G. Kelemen","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.4.E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.4.E","url":null,"abstract":"This experience report draws from participation in and observation of life in a professionally-based residential treatment center for substance abusers in Hungary by its cultural anthropologist and psychiatrist co-authors. Our primary focus is on a set of rituals aimed at instilling and sustaining trust among the recovering addict members of this community. These rituals, we believe, are crucial components in processes combating the deleterious effects of the dual socialization these women and men have experienced both as addicts and as citizens of a nation scarred by decades of political oppression. Consequently, they enter the community double burdened with behavioral repertoires heavy with distrust, deceit, and denial incompatible with the trust and mutual support necessary for the community’s paramount self-help project aimed at providing substance abusers with sober and life sustaining ways of acting, thinking, and feeling.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"604 1","pages":"317-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77436604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giving circles: Self-help/mutual aid, community philanthropy, or both?","authors":"Angela M. Eikenberry","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.3.D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.3.D","url":null,"abstract":"Giving circles are growing in number in the United States, the United Kingdom, and elsewhere. They involve individuals pooling resources and deciding together where and how to give these away. They also include social, educational, and volunteer opportunities for members. Most work on giving circles to date has focused on the contributions they make to nonprofit organizations as a means to address community problems. This article focuses on the dual purposes of giving circles to: 1) serve members as self-help/mutual aid groups for wealthy and other philanthropists; and 2) provide resources to the community. Based on data gathered through interviews, document analysis, and secondary data, the article asserts that giving circles provide their greatest value as self-help/mutual aid sources for members rather than as mechanisms for addressing community problems and this has important implications for the expectations of voluntary institutions in a new governance/risk environment.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"24 1","pages":"249-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84732374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust and Participation in Online Usenet Self-Help Communities","authors":"S. Ryan","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.1.F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.1.F","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability and self-disclosure make trust formation a key factor in the self-help process. However, the characteristics of online interaction challenge the development of trust. This article describes a study that explored trust and participation in two online self-help communities, one un-moderated and the other moderated. Members of the un-moderated community shared a chronic physical condition and the moderated community members had a chronic psychiatric disability. The research employed observation, analysis of online discussions, e-mail interviews, and comparisons of quantitative participation parameters. The primary difference between the two communities was the moderation process, which prevented any communication from disruptive individuals. The un-moderated community challenged disruptive or suspicious individuals, which often resulted in hostile discussions. The moderated community posted guidelines for participation and encouraged social communication, which facilitated the accumulation of history-based trust. The moderated community exhibited more participation during the","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"260 1","pages":"43-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76768277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Scandinavian Publications Portray Self-Help Groups in Relation to Health and Welfare Systems","authors":"Magnus Karlsson","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.2.D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.2.D","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to review the relationships of self-help groups to health and welfare services and professionals/service representatives in a Scandinavian research context. Eight Swedish ...","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"7 1","pages":"175-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83624493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on Face-to-Face and Online Self-Help Group Participation: Comparing the Views of Persons with Autism with Those of Parents Speaking for Their Autistic Children","authors":"Irene Carter, Robert Wilson","doi":"10.2190/SH.5.4.G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2190/SH.5.4.G","url":null,"abstract":"Autism affects people according to a range of mild to severe symptoms and with varying challenges in the areas of social interactions, communication, and behavior. Can self-help groups become a resource for persons with autism in these problem areas? The researchers explore and compare the views of persons with autism with those of parents speaking on behalf of their autistic children regarding their respective experiences and/or attitudes with face-to-face and online self-help group participation through 10 audio-taped interviews and other methods common to the qualitative method. The authors identified two types of participant: persons with autism who spoke on their own behalf and the parents who spoke on behalf of autistic children. All participants agreed that online groups presented a greater level of challenge in terms of providing the opportunity for social involvement than did face-to-face groups. However, while parents focused on concerns regarding social skills training, persons with autism who spoke on their own behalf stressed the need for opportunities to develop friendships. This research is significant for facilitators and practitioners when creating self-help group strategies to promote social interaction in that it distinguishes between the different priorities of children with autism and their parents.","PeriodicalId":64356,"journal":{"name":"自我保健","volume":"190 1","pages":"353-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77748913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}